I-brunost—Isibiliboco Sikashizi SaseNorway

NGUMLOBELIWE-PHAPHAMA!ENORWAY

AKE siye ekhaya elivamile laseNorway. Ukudla kwasekuseni kunebhotela, isinkwa sikakolweni nezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa ake ume kancane! Kukhona okungekho. Ngokushesha othile uyabuza: ‘Iphi i-brunost?’

Phakathi kwazo zonke izinto ezifakwa emasemishini, kuhlanganise nezinhlobonhlobo zikashizi eziningi, i-brunost, noma ushizi onsundu, iyingqayizivele. Itholakala emakhaya amaningi aseNorway futhi cishe iyingxenye yesine yawo wonke ushizi odliwa kulelizwe. Minyaka yonke, abaseNorway badla i-brunost engamathani angu-12 000, okusho isilinganiso esingamakhilogremu angaba mathathu umuntu ngamunye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuthunyelwa amathani e-brunost angaba ngu-450 emazweni anjenge-Australia, iCanada, iDenmark, iSweden ne-United States.

Abantu abaningi bangaphandle badla i-brunost okokuqala ngqá lapho besehhotela eNorway. Loshizi, oyindilinga noma owunxande, cishe njalo uba yingxenye yokudla kwasekuseni—ngokuvamile uhambisana nethuluzi elincane lokuwusika elibizwa ngokuthi i-ostehøvel. Lisetshenziselwa ukusika izingcezu ezincane zikashizi.

Kodwa iyini ngempela i-brunost? Ukuze sithole ukuthi iyini, savakashela i-seter yangempela, noma ipulazi eliyidlelo lasehlobo, lapho kusenziwa khona i-brunost ngendlela engokwesiko.

Ukwenza I-brunost Ngendlela Engokwesiko

Lapho sifika, izimbuzi zazisanda kusengwa. Savunyelwa ukuba sijoyine umsengi wesifazane lapho enza ushizi owehla esiphundu ngobisi lwembuzi.

Izimbuzi zisengwa kabili ngosuku, bese kwethiwa ubisi eketeleni elikhulu. Lube selufudunyezwa ngezinga elingu-30°C. bese kuthelwa i-rennin, i-enzyme eyenza ubisi lube nezaqheqhe. Izaqheqhe ziqala ukuhlukana nobisi, olubizwa ngokuthi umbhobe. Iningi lombhobe lihlukaniswa kanzima nezaqheqhe, ezibe sezithelwa emigqonyeni yepulangwe ehlukene ukuze kwenziwe ushizi wembuzi omhlophe waseNorway. Njengoba loshizi omhlophe “ungavuthiwe,” kufanele uyekwe amasonto angaba mathathu ukuze uvuthwe ngaphambi kokuba udliwe.

Kuthiwani-ke ngoshizi onsundu, noma i-brunost? Kube sekunezelwa ubisi nokhilimu embhobeni, bese lengxube ibiliswa. Kumelwe igovuzwe njalo. Njengoba ibila, umswakama omningi uyahwamuka bese umbhobe ushintsha umbala. Ngemva kwamahora angaba mathathu, uphenduka inhlama ensundu. Khona-ke, lenhlama iyakhishwa eketeleni futhi iqhubeke igovuzwa lapho iphola. Ekugcineni, iyaxovwa bese ifakwa emafulemini yenziwe izigaxa. Ngokungefani noshizi omhlophe, i-brunost akudingekile ukuba iyekwe ize ivuthwe. Ngakusasa, ngokushesha lapho loshizi onsundu ukhishwa kulamafulemu, usuke usukulungele ukudliwa yinoma yimuphi umthandi kashizi wembuzi onsundu waseNorway.

Nakuba izimiso zalenqubo zisafana, lendlela yakudala yokwenza ushizi sekuyisikhathi eside yathathelwa indawo ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwemishini. Ipulazi lemikhiqizo yobisi lithathelwe indawo izindawo zobisi ezisebenzisa imishini ye-vacuum nezimbiza zokupheka ngesitimu kunokusebenzisa amaketela ensimbi avulekile akudala.

Yasungulwa ENorway

Yasungulwa kanjani i-brunost? Ehlobo lika-1863, umsengi wesifazane u-Anne Haav, owayehlala eGudbrandsdalen Valley, wazama okuthile okwaba impumelelo. Wenza ushizi ngobisi lwenkomo futhi wacabanga ukunezela ukhilimu embhobeni ngaphambi kokuba awubilise. Umphumela waba ushizi onsundu owehla esiphundu, owawunamafutha amaningi. Kamuva, abantu baqala ukusebenzisa nobisi lwembuzi nenhlanganisela yobisi lwembuzi nolwenkomo ukuze benze lokhu. Ngo-1933, esemdala impela, u-Anne Haav wathola indondo yokutuswa ekhethekile yenkosi yaseNorway ngalomkhiqizo awusungula.

Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ze-brunost ezine eziyinhloko: ushizi wembuzi i-Ekte Geitost wenziwa ngobisi lwembuzi kuphela. I-Gudbrandsdalsost, evame kakhulu, yethiwa ngalesi sigodi futhi inamaphesenti ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nambili obisi lwembuzi kanti enye ingxenye eyobisi lwenkomo. Ushizi wombhobe onokhilimu i-Fløtemysost, wenziwa ngobisi lwenkomo kuphela. I-Prim, ushizi onsundu, othambile wombhobe, wenziwa ngobisi lwenkomo, kodwa kunezelwa ushukela. Ubiliswa kancane kunezinye izinhlobo. Amafutha, ukuqina kwawo nombala—ukuthi ushizi uzoba nombala okhanyayo noma onsundu kangakanani—kuxhomeke ebuningini bombhobe, ukhilimu nobisi nasebudeni besikhathi sokubiliswa kwawo. Eqinisweni okwenza i-brunost ikhetheke kangaka ukuthi yenziwa ngombhobe, hhayi ngezaqheqhe. Ngakho, inoshukela wobisi omningi, oyenza ibe mnandi njenge-caramel.

Kubantu abayizinkulungwane baseNorway, i-brunost ayisona nje isibiliboco kodwa iyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwabo kwansuku zonke.

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe ekhasini 25]

Ukuzenzela I-brunost

Ukwenza i-brunost eyehla esiphundu kuwubuciko obudinga okuhlangenwe nakho okuningi. Imininingwane ngendlela yokwenza izinhlobonhlobo ze-brunost iyimfihlo yezohwebo. Kodwa kungenzeka yini ukuthi ufuna ukuzama ukuzenzela i-brunost? Lendlela yokuyenza, edinga amalitha angu-7 obisi nokhilimu, iyokunikeza i-brunost engaba amakhilogremu angu-0,7 kanye nengxenye yekhilogremu yensalela kashizi omhlophe.

1. Bilisa amalitha amahlanu obisi ngezinga elingu-30°C., thela i-rennin, bese ulinda cishe isigamu sehora. Manje ubisi luzoqala ukujiya.

2. Hlukanisa izaqheqhe zibe izigaxana, bese ugovuza ngokucophelela. Lokhu ukwenzela ukuhlukanisa umbhobe nezaqheqhe. Kungase kube usizo ukuqhubeka ubilisa ubisi.

3. Khipha izaqheqhe ngokucwenga umbhobe. Izaqheqhe zingaba ushizi wokugcoba isinkwa noma zenziwe ushizi omhlophe.

4. Ngokuvamile inhlanganisela yombhobe ebiliswayo inombhobe oyizingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu nengxenye yesithathu ewubisi nokhilimu. Lokho kusho ukuthi manje kudingeka unezele amalitha angaba mabili obisi noma ukhilimu. Sebenzisa iphayinti elilodwa likakhilimu ukuze uthole ushizi ovamile onamafutha. Ukhilimu omncane uzokunikeza ushizi othambile.

5. Bilisa lenhlanganisela ngesineke kuyilapho uqhubeka uyigovuza. Kuthatha amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba umbhobe ubile ngokwanele. Khona-ke uzojiya kakhulu. Phakathi kokunye uzobona iphansi leketela lapho ugoqoza. Lapho umbhobe ubiliswa ngokwengeziwe, kulapho ushizi uzojiya kakhudlwana futhi ube nsundu ngokwengeziwe.

6. Khipha lenhlama ensundu eketeleni, futhi uyigovuze kahle lapho isaphola. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze ushizi ungabi maholo.

7. Lapho isizophola, lenhlama ijiya kangangokuba ingaxovwa futhi ifakwe efulemini yokuyenza izigaxa. Iyeke ubusuku bonke.

Njengephuzu lokwenezela, i-brunost yehla esiphundu uma iyizingcezu ezincane futhi imnandi lapho ifakwe esinkweni noma emakhekheni ayizicaba.

[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 25]

With kind courtesy of TINE Norwegian Dairies