Ukubekezelela Ukukhubazeka Ekufundeni

UDavid oneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala uyakuthanda ukuxoxelwa izindaba ngaphambi kokuyolala. Uyajabula lapho unina emfundela, futhi uyakukhumbula lokho akuzwayo. Kodwa uDavid unenkinga. Akakwazi ukuzifundela. Eqinisweni, noma yimuphi umsebenzi odinga ikhono lokubona uyamkhungathekisa.

USarah wenza unyaka wesithathu esikoleni, kodwa ubhala kabi ngendlela engajwayelekile. Izinhlamvu zamagama uzibhala kabi futhi ezinye uzibhala azihlanekezele. Okukhathaza abazali bakhe nakakhulu ukuthi uSarah unenkinga ngisho nangokubhala igama lakhe siqu.

UJosh osemusha, wenza kahle kuzo zonke izifundo esikoleni ngaphandle kwezibalo. Ukucabanga ngezinombolo kumkhungathekisa ngokuphelele. Ukubheka nje izinombolo kuyamthukuthelisa uJosh, futhi lapho enza umsebenzi wakhe wasekhaya wezibalo, uhwaqabala ngokushesha.

IYINI inkinga kaDavid, uSarah noJosh? Ingabe bamane bayavilapha, banenkani, noma mhlawumbe bayiziwula? Lutho neze. Ngamunye walaba bantwana unezinga lokuhlakanipha elivamile kuya kwelingaphezu kwelivamile. Kodwa ngamunye wabo uphazanyiswa ukukhubazeka ekufundeni. UDavid uphethwe i-dyslexia, okuyigama elisetshenziswa ezinkingeni eziningi zokufunda. Inkinga kaSarah yokubhala engathi sína ibizwa ngokuthi i-dysgraphia. Kanti inkinga kaJosh yokungayibambi imiqondo eyisisekelo yezibalo yaziwa ngokuthi i-dyscalculia. Lezi kumane kuyizinhlobo ezintathu zokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Kukhona nezinye eziningi, futhi abanye ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi sezizonke zithinta okungenani abantwana abangamaphesenti ayishumi e-United States.

Ukuchaza Ukukhubazeka Ekufundeni

Yiqiniso, ngezinye izikhathi intsha eningi ikuthola kuyinselele ukufunda. Nokho, ngokuvamile lokhu akubonisi ukukhubazeka ekufundeni. Kunalokho, kumane kubonisa ukuthi bonke abantwana banamakhono ahlukahlukene okufunda. Abanye banamakhono abukhali okuzwa; bangakubambisisa kahle ukwaziswa ngokulalela. Abanye bathambekele kakhulu ekuboneni; bafunda kangcono lapho beyifunda phansi into. Nokho, esikoleni abafundi baminyaniswa ekilasini futhi bonke kulindeleke ukuba bafunde kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusetshenziswa yiphi indlela yokufundisa. Ngakho, kuyinto engenakugwenywa ukuthi abanye bayoba nezinkinga zokufunda.

Nokho, ngokwezinye izincwadi, kukhona umehluko phakathi kwezinkinga zokufunda ezivamile kanye nokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Kuthiwa izinkinga zokufunda zinganqotshwa ngesineke nangomzamo. Ngokuphambene, kuthiwa ukukhubazeka ekufundeni kugxilile. “Ubuchopho bomntwana onokukhubazeka ekufundeni kubonakala buqonda, buhlaziya, noma bukhumbula izinto ezithile ezisengqondweni ngendlela eyiphutha,” kubhala oDkt. Paul no-Esther Wender.a

Nokho, ukukhubazeka ekufundeni akusho ukuthi umntwana uphazamisekile ngokwengqondo. Ukuze bachaze lokhu, abakwaWender benza umfanekiso ngabantu abangamabhimbi, abangakwazi ukuhlukanisa amanothi omculo. AbakwaWender bayabhala: “Abantu abangamabhimbi abanankinga engqondweni futhi bezwa kahle. Akekho umuntu ongasikisela ukuthi ububhimbi bubangelwa ubuvila, imfundo yezinga eliphansi, noma ukuntula isikhuthazo.” Bathi kunjalo nangabantu abanokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Ngokuvamile, inkinga iba sesicini esithile esisodwa sokufunda.

Lokhu kuchaza isizathu sokuthi kungani abantwana abaningi abanokukhubazeka ekufundeni benezinga lokuhlakanipha elivamile kuya kwelingaphezu kwelivamile; ngempela, abanye bahlakaniphe kakhulu. Ngokuvamile yilendida eqaphelisa odokotela ngokuba khona kokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Incwadi ethi Why Is My Child Having Trouble at School? iyachaza: “Umntwana onokukhubazeka ekufundeni unekhono lengqondo elingaphansi ngeminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu kwelilindelekile ebudaleni bakhe nasezingeni lokuhlakanipha okuthiwa unalo.” Ngamanye amazwi, inkinga akukhona nje ukuthi lomntwana unenkinga yokufana nontanga yakhe. Kunalokho, ikhono lakhe lengqondo alifani namandla akhe siqu.

Ukunikeza Usizo Oludingekayo

Imiphumela engokomzwelo yokukhubazeka ekufundeni ngokuvamile inezela kulenkinga. Lapho abantwana abanokukhubazeka ekufundeni bengaqhubi kahle esikoleni, bangase babhekwe othisha babo nontanga yabo njengezehluleki, mhlawumbe ngisho nayimikhaya yakubo. Ngokudabukisayo, abantwana abaningi abanjalo bangazenyeza ngokuqhubekayo njengoba bekhula. Lokhu kuwukukhathazeka okufanele, njengoba ngokuvamile ukukhubazeka ekufundeni kungapheli.b “Ukukhubazeka ekufundeni kuyinto yokuphila konke,” kubhala uDkt. Larry B. Silver. “Kona kanye ukukhubazeka okuphazamisa ukufunda, ukubhala nezibalo kuyophazamisa nezemidlalo neminye imisebenzi, ukuphila komkhaya nokuzwana nabangane.”

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi abantwana abanokukhubazeka ekufundeni basekelwe abazali. “Abantwana abaziyo ukuthi abazali babo babasekela ngokunamandla banesisekelo sokuthuthukisa amakhono nokuzethemba,” kusho incwadi ethi Parenting a Child With a Learning Disability.

Kodwa ukuze basekele, abazali kumelwe baqale bahlole imizwa yabo siqu. Abanye abazali baba nomuzwa wecala, njengokungathi ngandlela-thile kufanele basolwe ngenxa yesimo somntwana wabo. Abanye bashaywa uvalo, bazizwe bekhungathekile ngenxa yezinselele ababhekene nazo. Zombili lezi zindlela zokusabela azilona usizo. Zenza abazali bangathathi sinyathelo futhi zivimbela umntwana ekutholeni usizo aludingayo.

Ngakho uma udokotela onguchwepheshe ethi umntanakho unokukhubazeka ekufundeni, ungaphelelwa ithemba. Khumbula ukuthi abantwana abanokukhubazeka ekufundeni badinga nje ukusekelwa okwengeziwe ekhonweni elithile lokufunda. Zinikeze ithuba lokuba ujwayelane nanoma yiziphi izinhlelo ezitholakalayo endaweni yakini zabantwana abanokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Izikole eziningi zikwazi kangcono ukubhekana nezimo ezinjalo kunaseminyakeni edlule.

Ochwepheshe bathi kufanele umtuse umntanakho nganoma yini ayenzile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi incane kangakanani. Umtuse ngomusa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungakudebeseleli ukuyala. Abantwana badinga ukuhleleka, futhi lokhu kunjalo nakakhulu kulabo abanokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Tshela umntanakho lokho okulindele kuye, bese unamathela ezindinganisweni ozimisayo.

Ekugcineni, funda ukubhekana nesimo sakho. Incwadi ethi Parenting a Child With a Learning Disability ikufanekisa ngalendlela: “Cabanga uya ethilomu lokudla okuthandayo bese uthenga inyama yenkonyane. Lapho uweta ebeka ipuleti phambi kwakho, uthola ukuthi izimbambo zezinyane lemvu. Kokubili lokhu kudla kumnandi, kodwa bewuzimisele ukudla inyama yenkonyane. Abazali abaningi kudingeka bashintshe ukucabanga kwabo. Kungenzeka ubungazimisele ukudla inyama yezinyane lemvu, kodwa uthola ukuthi lehl’esiphundu. Kunjalo-ke nalapho ukhulisa abantwana abanezidingo ezikhethekile.”

[Imibhalo yaphansi]