“Woza Sikubonise Izivini ZaseHungary!”
NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EHUNGARY
Izintaba zaseZemplén zaziwa ngamagquma azo ayeyizintaba-mlilo amise okwenhlamvu kaphayini. Emimangweni yalezi zintaba kunendawo yaseHungary okwenziwa kuyo iwayini, indawo ekhangayo yaseTokaj-Hegyalja.
ENYAKATHO-MPUMALANGA Hungary, ngaphansi kweMount Tokaj ende, kunedolobha laseTokaj. Kusukela lapho, lapho kuhlangana khona imifula emibili, kuya kumakhilomitha angu-55 ngasenyakatho-ntshonalanga kukhona indawo yezivini. Enkabeni yalendawo evundile, sithola idolobhana elincane i-Tolcsva, lapho iqembu labavuni bamagilebhisi ngokucophelela livuna khona lokho okubonakala kungamagilebhisi omisiwe emahlukuzweni e-Hungarian Furmint.
Yiza unambithe iwayini elidumile elehl’ esiphundu i-Tokay Aszu laseTokaj-Hegyalja! Lapha abalimi babheka umkhiqizo wabo njengoyingqayizivele futhi betha iwayini labo ngamagama esiLatini, njengelithi Vinum Regum, Rex vinorum, elisho ukuthi “Inkosi Yewayini, Iwayini Elilungele Amakhosi.”
Kwenziwa Iwayini Ngamagilebhisi Omisiwe?
“Ingabe nihlose ukwenza iwayini ngamagilebhisi omisiwe?” sibuza ngelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi. Umbuzo wethu ushukumisa incazelo yentshiseko. Sitshelwa ukuthi lawa akuwona amagilebhisi omisiwe kodwa amagilebhisi akhethekile ayekwe ukuba ashwabanele esihlahleni sawo. Ngokumangala siyabuza: “Yini ewenza akhetheke kangaka?” Ngokumangalisayo saziswa nge-Botrytis cinerea, okuyisikhunta esikhethekile esitholakala phezu kwamagilebhisi akulendawo.a Sitshelwa ukuthi ukuhwamuka kwamanzi emifuleni engezansi kwenza indawo ezungezile ifanelekele ukukhula kwalesi sikhunta esikhethekile.
Ukuze lesi sikhunta senze umsebenzi waso kulamagilebhisi, isimo sezulu esifanele sibalulekile. Abalimi badinga ihlobo elishisayo kanye nemvula eyanele ukuze amahlukuzo amagilebhisi akhule ngokushesha. Khona-ke, uma amagilebhisi evuthwa ngokugcwele ekuqaleni kuka-September bese kulandela ikwindla eyomile, ebalele, lezi zithelo ziyobe sezikulungele kahle kakhulu ukwenza iwayini.
Kodwa lesi sikhunta sisiza kanjani ekwenzeni iwayini? Impendulo ithanda ukuba nobuchwepheshe; nokho, nakhu esikutshelwayo. Kuqala ukuxubana kwamakhemikhali lapho isikhumba samagilebhisi avuthiwe siqhuma esihlahleni somvini, okuvumela isikhunta ukuba sidle ushukela osemagilebhisini, okwakha ama-asidi.
Ingabe lama-asidi enza iwayini libe muncu? Saziswa ukuthi loshukela ne-alcohol kuvimbela ubu-asidi be-malic acid ne-tartaric acid. Amanye ama-asidi, njenge-citric acid ne-gluconic acid, abalulekile ukuze iwayini linambitheke. Ubu-asidi bewayini buxhomeke ezithakweni zenhlabathi, futhi ukunambitheka kwalo nakho kuthonywa ukubhekana kwezihlahla zomvini nelanga.
Njengoba incazelo iqhubeka, sithola ukuthi lapho isikhanyiwe, inkafunkafu yamagilebhisi omile ixutshwa newayini lanyakenye, elalenziwe ngamagilebhisi avamile. Ngemva kwenqubo yokucwenga yamahora angu-72 nokukhama kokugcina, umphumela uba uketshezi olushubile olunoshukela omningi oluzobiliswa emigqonyeni yokhuni. Lapho izinga le-alcohol lifinyelela kumaphesenti aphakathi kwangu-13 nangu-15, inqubo yokubilisa imiswa ngamakhemikhali. Ekupheleni kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, leli wayini kufanele likhanywe futhi liyekwe ukuze livuthwe ngokwengeziwe. Iwayini i-Aszu lezinga eliphakeme kudingeka lihlale iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu ngaphambi kokuba lilungele ukuphuzwa.
Ukwehlela Ezindaweni Zokugcina Iwayini
Lapho sibuyela edolobhaneni, singena emnyuziyamu wewayini, lapho sikhangwa khona umbukiso othile—ikhuba lakudala elinamazinyo amabili. Ukusebenza ngaleli thuluzi enhlabathini eyomile kwakukhathaza kangangokuba leli thuluzi lalaziwa ngokuthi umbulali wabantu.
Sibingelelwa umgcini walendawo onobungane futhi ngenjabulo usibonisa indawo yokugcina iwayini kulemnyuziyamu. Ngokwenama uchaza indlela okuqikelelwa ngayo ukuthi imigqomo yewayini inezinga lokushisa nomswakama okufanele. Njengoba izinga lokushisa kufanele libe u-12°C, lezi zindawo zokugcina iwayini zakhelwe edwaleni le-limestone. Umswakama olinganiselwe ugcina kumaphesenti angu-85 kuya kwangu-90.
Sizwa okunye futhi okusimangalisayo, ukuthi ukuvuthwa kwaleli wayini kuyoxhomeka futhi ekubeni khona kwesikhunta esikhethekile, esitholakala cishe kuyo yonke into endaweni yokugcina iwayini—okhunini, engilazini, ngisho nasezindongeni zezitini—kuyo yonke into ngaphandle kwasendaweni yaphansi eyenziwe ngokhonkolo. Ukuze lesi sikhunta singaphazanyiswa umoya ohlanzekile wangaphandle, abenzi bewayini bazama ukungena ngokuqabukela ngangokunokwenzeka kulezi zindawo zokugcina iwayini.
Umqondisi wethu ucaphuna isaga sabenzi bewayini baseHungary: “Lapho kunesikhunta esihle khona, kukhona iwayini eliphambili, futhi lapho kunewayini eliphambili khona, kukhona isikhunta esihle.” Ukuze asibonise ubuqiniso balamazwi, umgcini walendawo yewayini onobungane usinikeza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zewayini i-Tokay Aszu ukuba sizihabule. Njengoba kukhanyiswe amakhandlela, newayini elisezingilazini zethu licwazimula ngombala okhanyayo, usibonisa indlela iwayini elishiya ngayo umugqa oyisiyingelezi engilazini, okuyisici esiphawula iwayini i-Tokay Aszu.
Usitshela ukuthi umuntu ozwa amawayini uyalithanda iwayini elingenashukela, ngoba liveza izimfanelo ezinjengokunambitheka nephunga lewayini, okungase kufihleke ewayinini elinoshukela. Kuthiwa iwayini i-Tokay Aszu elinoshukela aliqondakali—kudingeka ungoti ukuze kwambulwe izimfihlo zalo.
Ekuphetheni, uyasibuza: “Benazi yini ukuthi iwayini i-Tokay Aszu lalibhekwa njengomuthi futhi lalitholakala kuwo wonke amakhemisi?” Lokhu kusikhumbuza iseluleko sikaPawulu kuThimothewu: “Sebenzisa iwayini elincane ngenxa yesisu sakho nokugula kwakho kaningi.” (1 Thimothewu 5:23) Ekugcineni, ngemva kokubona ukufakwa kwaleli wayini emabhodleleni nokugcinwa kwalo, siphindela ekhaya sicabanga indlela ayiqiniso ngayo amazwi eHubo 104:15, lapho iwayini lisetshenziswa ngokulinganisela: ‘Iwayini lijabulisa inhliziyo yomuntu ofayo.’
[Umbhalo waphansi]
a “Senza ushukela nokunambitheka kwamagilebhisi kube mnandi njengoju,” kusho i-New Encyclopædia Britannica.
[Izithombe ekhasini 26]
Ngenhla: Iwayini livuthwela kulemigqomo
Kwesokudla: Lesi sikhunta sikhula ngisho nasemabhodleleni