INkantolo Ephakeme Isekela Ukukhulekela Kweqiniso “Ezweni Lase-Ararati”
Ubaba osempunga wezingane ezintathu, wase-Armenia, umi phambi kwenkantolo yesizwe sakubo ephakeme kunazo zonke. Inkululeko yakhe kanye nakholwa nabo isengcupheni. INkantolo ilalele njengoba ecaphuna eBhayibhelini echaza izinkolelo zakhe. Ukuze siqonde ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuba umphumela waleli cala ube ukunqoba okukhulu kokukhulekela kweqiniso kulelo zwe, ake sihlole izenzakalo ezaholela kulo.
I-ARMENIA isempumalanga yeTurkey naseningizimu nje yokhahlamba olukhulu iCaucasus. Inabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu. Uma usenhloko-dolobha yakhona, iYerevan, ubona iziqongo ezimbili zeNtaba i-Ararati okuthiwa umkhumbi kaNowa wama kuyo ngemva kukaZamcolo.—Genesise 8:4.a
OFakazi BakaJehova bebelokhu benza umsebenzi wabo wobuKristu e-Armenia kusukela ngo-1975. Ngemva kokuba i-Armenia ithole inkululeko ekubusweni yizwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngo-1991, kwasungulwa uMkhandlu Wombuso Wezindaba Zenkolo owawuzobhalisa izinhlangano zenkolo. Nokho lo mkhandlu uye wanqaba ngokuphindaphindiwe ukubhalisa oFakazi BakaJehova, ngenxa yokungathathi kwabo uhlangothi kobuKristu. Ngenxa yalokho, kusukela ngo-1991 bangaphezu kwekhulu oFakazi abasebasha e-Armenia abaye balahlwa ngecala, futhi ezimweni eziningi baboshwa, ngoba benqaba ukuhileleka kwezempi ngenxa yalokho okushiwo iBhayibheli.
UMkhandlu wacela nokuba ihhovisi lomshushisi kahulumeni liphenye ngomsebenzi wenkolo owenziwa uLyova Margaryan, umdala ongumKristu futhi ongummeli osebenza kanzima oqashwe embonini yama-athomu. Ekugcineni, uMzalwan’ uMargaryan wathweswa icala ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 244, esifuze umthetho waseSoviet owamiswa ngenkathi kaKhrushchev, owawuhloselwe ukuvimbela futhi ekugcineni uqede ngokuphelele oFakazi BakaJehova namanye amaqembu enkolo.
Lowo mthetho ukwenza kube ubugebengu ukuhlela noma ukuhola iqembu lenkolo, ‘eliyenga abantu abasha ukuba baye emihlanganweni yenkolo engabhalisiwe’ ngokwenza sengathi lishumayela izimfundiso zenkolo futhi ‘elibangela amalungu alo ukuba enqabe ukwenza imisebenzi yesizwe.’ Ukuze asekele lokho akushoyo, umshushisi wakhuluma ikakhulu ngezingane ezincane eziba khona emihlanganweni eqhutshwa uMzalwan’ uMargaryan edolobheni laseMetsamor. Umshushisi wathi futhi uMzalwan’ uMargaryan wayenxenxe amalungu asemancane ebandla ukuba anqabe ukuhlanganyela kwezempi.
Ukuqulwa Kwecala Kuyaqala
Icala laqala ngoLwesihlanu ngo-July 20, 2001, enkantolo yesifunda sase-Armavir kwengamele uMahluleli uManvel Simonyan. Laqhubeka kwaze kwagamanxa u-August. Ebufakazini babo, ofakazi benkantolo bavuma ukuthi ingxenye yalokho ababekubhale esitatimendeni ngoMzalwan’ uMargaryan babeyifunzwe amanxusa oMnyango Wokuphepha Kwezwe Lonke (ngaphambili okwakuyi-KGB) nokuthi ayebanxenxe ukuba bazisayine lezo zitatimende. Kokunye, owesifazane othile wavuma ukuthi isikhulu esithile soMnyango Wokuphepha sasimyale ukuba athi “oFakazi BakaJehova bamelene nohulumeni wethu nenkolo yethu.” Lona wesifazane wavuma ukuthi akekho uFakazi kaJehova ayemazela eduze kodwa wayemane nje ezizwé kuthelevishini yoMbuso izinto abamangalelwa ngazo.
Lapho sekuyithuba lakhe lokufakaza, uMzalwan’ uMargaryan wathi izingane ezisengaphansi kwabazali eziza emihlanganweni yoFakazi BakaJehova zivunyelwa abazali bazo. Wachaza nokuthi ukungahlanganyeli kwezempi yisinqumo umuntu azenzela sona. Ukuphenya komshushisi ngemibuzo kwaqhubeka izinsukwana. UMzalwan’ uMargaryan, esebenzisa iBhayibheli, wayiphendula ngesizotha imibuzo ephathelene nezinkolelo zakhe, umshushisi ebheka imiBhalo kwelakhe iBhayibheli.
Ngo-September 18, 2001, umahluleli wakhipha isinqumo sokuthi uMargaryan “akanacala,” ethi “azikho izinkomba zobugebengu” emsebenzini wakhe wenkolo. Kwaphuma umbiko ovula amehlo mayelana naleli cala kuyi-Associated Press. Wawuthi: “Namuhla umholi woFakazi BakaJehova e-Armenia amthethile amacala abebekwe wona okuguqulela abantu enkolweni yakhe nokuphoqa intsha ukuba ingahlanganyeli kwezempi. Ngemva kokuqulwa kwaleli cala okuthathe izinyanga ezimbili, iNkantolo ithe abukho ubufakazi obanele bokumlahla ngecala lo mholi, uLevon Markarian [Lyova Margaryan]. Ubebhekwe isigwebo seminyaka emihlanu ejele. . . . Nakuba uMthetho-sisekelo wase-Armenia unikeza inkululeko yenkolo, kunzima ukuba amaqembu amasha enkolo abhalise futhi umthetho usekela i-Armenian Apostolic Church okuyilona sonto elikhulu.” Embikweni wayo wango-September 18, 2001, i-Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) yathi: “Nakuba iHhovisi le-OSCE lisishayela ihlombe lesi sinqumo, lisadabuka ngokuthi kuke kwaqulwa icala elinjengaleli.”
Icala Liyaqhubeka
Noma kunjalo, abashushisi balidlulisa icala, okwathatha ezinye izinyanga ezine. Ekuqaleni kwecala, lapho sekuyithuba likaMzalwan’ uMargaryan lokufakaza, umbuzo wokuqala wawubuzwa omunye wabahluleli. Kwathi lapho uMzalwan’ uMargaryan esathi uyaphendula, usihlalo wamngena emlonyeni wamphikisa. Ngemva kwalokho akamvumelanga ukuba aphendule ngisho nombuzo owodwa. Ngaphandle kokunikeza izizathu, akayifakanga embikweni eminingi yemibuzo umzalwane ayibuzwa abameli bakhe. Njengoba icala liqhubeka, abashisekeli benkolo abamelene noFakazi, ababegcwele enkantolo, babelokhu bemthuka uMzalwan’ uMargaryan. Ngemva kokuphuma kwenkantolo, kwasakazwa kuyithelevishini imibiko eminingi engamanga nesontekile, ngokwesibonelo eyayithi eqinisweni uMzalwan’ uMargaryan ulivumile icala.
Maphakathi necala, usihlalo waleli qembu labahluleli abathathu wamangaza izethameli ngokukhipha incwadi evela eMkhandlwini Wombuso Wezindaba Zenkolo eyayithi ihhovisi lomshushisi malimthathele izinyathelo uMzalwan’ uMargaryan. Lesi senzo sazishaqisa izingqapheli zomhlaba ezazethamele icala, ngoba lapho i-Armenia ifaka isicelo sokuba ilungu loMkhandlu WaseYurophu, yasivuma isibopho “sokuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amaSonto noma izinkolo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibizwa ngokuthi ‘okungezona ezesizwe,’ ziqhuba inkolo yazo ngaphandle kokubandlululwa.”
Njengoba icala laliqhubeka emasontweni alandela, isimo sashuba kakhulu. Abaphikisi baqhubeka behlukumeza futhi behlasela oFakazi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenkantolo. Abesifazane abangoFakazi babekhahlelwa emibaleni. Lapho omunye uFakazi ehlaselwa kodwa enqaba ukuphindisela, washaywa emgogodleni kwadingeka ukuba alale esibhedlela.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kwamiswa umahluleli omusha owayezokwengamela leli cala. Naphezu kwemizamo yabambalwa yokwesabisa ummeli wommangalelwa, lo mahluleli wakwazi ukusinqanda isimo, waze wayala ngisho namaphoyisa ukuba akhiphe owesifazane othile owayememeza esongela ummeli wommangalelwa.
Lidlulela Enkantolo Ephakeme Kunazo Zonke E-Armenia
Ekugcineni, ngo-March 7, 2002, inkantolo yokudlulisela amacala yasekela isinqumo senkantolo yokuqala. Okumangalisayo ukuthi ngosuku olungaphambi kokukhishwa kwalesi sinqumo, uMkhandlu Wombuso Wezindaba Zenkolo wahlakazwa. Abashushisi baphinda balidlulisa icala, kulokhu balidlulisela enkantolo ephakeme kunazo zonke e-Armenia—i-Court of Cassation. Abashushisi manje bacela ukuba iNkantolo ilibuyisele emuva icala liqulwe kabusha ukuze “kukhishwe isinqumo sokuthi banecala.”
Iqembu labahluleli abayisithupha elenganyelwe uMahluleli uMher Khachatryan lahlangana ngo-11:00 ekuseni ngo-April 19, 2002. Emazwini akhe okuvula, omunye wabashushisi wazwakalisa intukuthelo enkulu ngokuthi izinkantolo ezimbili zokuqala zihlulekile ukumthola enecala uMzalwan’ uMargaryan. Nokho, kulokhu ngumshushisi owayengenwa emlonyeni abahluleli abane bembuza imibuzo engagwegwesi. Omunye umahluleli wamsola umshushisi ngokuzama ukufunza iNkantolo umbono oyiphutha ngokubala umsebenzi wokushumayela nokuthi oFakazi BakaJehova ababhalisiwe phakathi kwamacala awabeka uMzalwan’ uMargaryan—okuyizinto ezingebona ubugebengu ngokweSiphakamiso 244. Umahluleli wabe esechaza lesi senzo sabashushisi ngokuthi “ukushushisa ngokubeka icala lobugebengu.” Omunye umahluleli waphawula amanye amacala aqulwa eNkantolo YaseYurophu okwavunywa kuwo ukuthi oFakazi BakaJehova “bayinkolo eyaziwayo” enelungelo lokuvikelwa yi-European Convention on Human Rights. Ngaleso sikhathi, umpristi owayesenkantolo wamemeza wathi oFakazi BakaJehova bahlukanisa isizwe. INkantolo yamyala ukuba athule.
Abahluleli babe sebembiza uLyova Margaryan ezethamelini—okuyinto engakaze yenziwe yile nkantolo ephakeme. UMzalwan’ uMargaryan wanikeza ubufakazi obuhle ngesimo sobuKristu soFakazi BakaJehova ezindabeni ezihlukahlukene. (Marku 13:9) Ngemva kokuhlanganisa amakhanda isikhashana, iNkantolo yabuya yasisekela ngazwi linye isinqumo sokuthi “akanacala.” Kwakusobala ukuthi uMzalwan’ uMargaryan uzizwa ekhululekile. Esinqumweni sayo esibhalwe phansi, iNkantolo yathi: “Umthetho okhona manje awuwubheki njengowubugebengu umsebenzi [kaLyova Margaryan], futhi ukumangalelwa okunje kuyaphikisana neSiphakamiso 23 soMthetho-sisekelo Wase-Armenia neSiphakamiso 9 se-European Convention.”
Imiphumela Yesinqumo
Ukube abashushisi baphumelela, lokho kwakuyocaba indlela yokuba kumangalelwe abadala abangoFakazi kuwo wonke amabandla ase-Armenia. Kwethenjwa ukuthi isinqumo esicacile esakhishwa iNkantolo sizokuvimbela ukuhlukunyezwa okunjalo. Isinqumo esibalahlayo sasizoba yibhaxa lokuqhubeka nokwenqaba ukubhalisa oFakazi BakaJehova. Siyabonga ukuthi iNkantolo ilisusile leli bhaxa.
Kuyobonakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuthi oFakazi BakaJehova abangaphezu kuka-7 000 bakuleli zwe bayavunyelwa yini ukubhalisa. Okwamanje, ukukhulekela kweqiniso kuyaqhubeka “ezweni lase-Ararati.”
[Umbhalo waphansi]
a Lesi esinye sezizathu esenza abantu base-Armenia babize izwe labo ngeNtaba i-Ararati. Endulo, i-Armenia yayiwumbuso omkhulu ohlanganisa nalezo zintaba. Ngakho, ku-Isaya 37:38, inguqulo yeBhayibheli, i-Septuagint yesiGreki, ihumusha inkulumo ethi “izwe lase-Ararati” ngokuthi “i-Armenia.” INtaba i-Ararati manje isiyingxenye yeTurkey, ngasemngceleni wayo osempumalanga.
[Isithombe ekhasini 12]
ULyova Margaryan lapho kuqulwa icala lakhe
[Isithombe ekhasini 13]
UMzalwan’ uMargaryan nomkhaya wakhe