Ingabe UAdamu NoEva Babekhona Ngempela?
“INDODA yokuqala kwakunguAdamu nowesifazane wokuqala kwakunguEva; babengabazali bethu bokuqala.” Lokho kwakuwumbono owashiwo ngo-1947 kuyiCatechism for Use by French Diocese, okuyincwadi eyisisekelo yokufundisa abantwana bamaFulentshi ngenkolo yobuKatolika.
Kodwa emva konyaka, ngo-1948, i“encyclopedia” yamaFulentshi okuthiwa iCatholicisme eyagunyazwa isonto yathi: “Noma iyiphi imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo evuma ukuthi umphefumulo udalwe uNkulunkulu iyavumelana neBhayibheli.” Ngalowonyaka ofanayo, iKomiti yeBhayibheli Eqondiswa uPapa yathi indaba kaGenesise yendalo “iyincazelo ejwayelekile yendabuko yabantu” echazwe “ngemifanekiso elula elungele ukuhlakanipha kwabantu abangathuthukile.”
Ngo-1981 uPapa John Paul II washo amazwi alandelayo phambi kweZazi Zesayensi Eziqondiswa uPapa: “IBhayibheli ngokwalo likhuluma ngendabuko nokwenziwa kwezulu nomhlaba hhayi njengokusekelwe emaqinisweni esayensi kodwa ukuze licacise ubuhlobo obufanelekile bomuntu nendawo yonke.” Futhi iLa Bible de la Liturgie (IBhayibheli Lokusontisa), eyavunyelwa ngokomthetho ngo-1976, ifingqa imibono yabefundisi bamaKatolika abaningi ngendaba kaGenesise yendalo, ithi: “Eqinisweni, ayisiwo umlando futhi ayivumelani nesayensi.”
Amanye amasonto athi angamaKristu akumelwe abekelwe eceleni ngokuphathelene nokusekela imfundiso yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. UAlexandre Westphal, owayenguprofesa womlando wenkolo nolwazi lweBhayibheli eSikoleni sabeFundisi bamaProthestani eMontauban, eFrance, waphawula encwadini yakhe iDictionnaire Encyclopédique de la Bible ngokuthi indaba ekuGenesise ngoAdamu noEva nabantwana babo ababili bokuqala “akumelwe ibhekwe njengencazelo yezinto ezenzeka ngempela ekuphileni kwabantu abane, kodwa njengendaba elandisayo, esebenzisa indlela engokomfanekiso nemicabango eyisisekelo, yokuqala kobuhlobo besintu noNkulunkulu.” (Genesise 2:7–4:16) Ngo-1949 umbhishobhi omkhulu waseCanterbury, owayebhekwa njengombhishobhi omkhulu weSonto laseNgilandi, waqhubeka wathi: “Isonto lobuKristu lilonke liwamukelile umqondo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo njengomiswe ngokwesayensi.”
Ngakho, ngokuphoxayo iphephandaba lesiFulentshi eliphuma masonto onke, iL’Express lithi ukuthi umuntu uvela esilwaneni akuphikwa-muntu namuhla “ngaphandle kweziduphunga nabaphikisi abambalwa.”
Indaba Yendalo Nesayensi
Kodwa ingabe indaba yendalo, eyavunywa emashumini eminyaka amaningi, manje ifanele inqatshwe ngokweyisa? Yiqiniso, incwadi kaGenesise ayinikezi mininingwane yobuchwepheshe ngendlela ukuphila kwemithi nokwezilwane okwadalwa ngayo, kodwa incazelo yayo ejwayelekile ivumelana ngokuphelele namaqiniso esayensi.
Ngokwesibonelo, iBhayibheli libonisa ukuthi bonke abantu banesiqalo esifanayo, bavela embhangqwaneni wokuqala wabantu, uAdamu noEva. Efakazela umthombo oyinhloko wesintu, uAndré Langaney, isekela likangqongqoshe eMusée de l’Homme (Emnyuziyamu Wabantu), eParis, wachaza kumagazini okhethekile wamaFulentshi ophuma nyanga zonke iScience et Vie: “Amaqiniso angokwemvelo nangokomlando abonisa ukuthi imvelaphi yesintu ijulile, ingaphezu komehluko webala lesikhumba noma ubuningi bamagenes asemzimbeni [izinhlayiya zegazi zohlobo oluthile lwabantu].”
Incwadi kaGenesise inikeza futhi ukwaziswa ngemibuzo engaphezu kokuqonda kososayensi. Lapho siphendula umbuzo ophathelene “nenkinga engachazeki yokuguga,” esawubuzwa yiphephandaba laseParis eliphuma masonto onke iL’Express, isazi sezemvelo esathola umklomelo kaNobel esinguFrançois Jacob savuma: “Lolushintsho aluqondakali. Ngempela, kuyimpicabadala ngokuphelele ukuthi into ekwaziyo ukwandisa uhlobo lwayo ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi ngokumangalisayo ingehluleka ukuzigcina iphila. Iqiniso lokuthi umuntu angavela engqamuzaneni yeqanda elivuthiwe cishe kuyinto emangalisa kakhulu engase yenzeke emhlabeni.”
Futhi, iBhayibheli, ngenye indlela, libonisa ukuthi, kuyimpicabadala ukuthi umuntu kumelwe afe. Ngokuqondene nendaba yendalo esencwadini kaGenesise, umuntu wadalelwa ukuba aphile, ‘azigcine ephile kahle,’ kuze kube-phakade. Nokho, lokhu kwakuxhomeke ekugcineni kwakhe ubuhlobo obuhle naLowo owamdalayo. Lapho abantu bokuqala behlubuka ngamabomu emiyalweni yaKhe, bona. Kwakuyisono esaletha, esintwini, “inkinga” yokufa. Isono ‘esabangela ukufa’ esintwini, njengoba uNkulunkulu ayexwayise ukuthi kuyoba njalo.—Roma 7:13; Genesise 3:16-19.
Khona-ke, kunengqondo ukukholelwa endabeni yendabuko yomuntu etholakala eBhayibhelini. Eqinisweni, isihloko esilandelayo siyonikeza ubufakazi bokubonisa ukuthi umKristu ngeke ayinqabe lendaba yokudalwa komuntu ngaphandle kwemiphumela esabekayo okholweni lwakhe olusesisekelweni sobuKristu—ukufa okuwumhlatshelo kaKristu. Siza ufunde uqhubeke.