Insimu Eveza Amabele Nokhula
“Sichasisele umfanekiso wokhula ensimini.”—Math. 13:36.
1, 2. (a) Ngokuqondene nokutshala, iziphi izimiso okungathenjelwa kuzo? (b) Yimuphi umfanekiso osekelwe kulezimiso ezimbili?
“UKUTSHALA nokuvuna” kungesinye seziyingi uJehova uNkulunkulu athi enhliziyweni yakhe azisoze zanqamuka “umhlaba usekhona.” (Gen. 8:21, 22) Isimiso esiyisisekelo esihlobene nalezo savezwa umphostoli uPawulu, lapho eloba: “Lokho akuhlwanyelayo umuntu, lokho wokuvuna.”—Gal. 6:7.
2 Ngenxa yalamaqiniso ayisisekelo, umlimi owayesebenze kanzima etshala amabele amahle ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela wayeqiniseka ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanele kwakuyoba khona ukuvuna. Okunye kwakuyolandela okunye. Ngokufanayo, lapho izisebenzi zensimu yakhe zimtshela kamuva ukuthi insimu yayingavezi nje kuphela amabele kodwa nohlobo oluthile lokhula, waqiniseka ukuthi kukhona ubugebengu obabenziwe. Wayazi ukuthi yini ayeyihlwanyele: amabele, hayi ukhula. Lesisenzakalo sadinga isinqumo. Izisebenzi zakhe zasikisela isinyathelo esisheshayo. Zazifuna ukusiphula ukhula khona manjalo, kodwa umlimi ohlakaniphile wayithiba intshiseko yazo. Wazitshela ukuba ziyeke, ngenxa yokwesaba ukuphazamisa amabele ngesikhathi zisiphula ukhula. Makukhule kokubili. Isikhathi sokuvuna sasiyoba isikhathi esifanele sokubona amabele angempela nokungesiwo.
3. Iziphi izenzakalo ezibalulekile ngokuqondene noMbuso uJesu azifanekisa, futhi umsebenzi wokuhlukanisa wawuyoba yisibonakaliso sani?
3 Lomfanekiso wasetshenziswa uJesu Kristu ekufanekiseni izimo ezithile ezaziyoba khona emsebenzini ayewuqalise emhlabeni. Lowomsebenzi wokuhlwanyela kwakuqondwe ukuba uveze isivuno esifunekayo samaKristu eqiniso ayezohlanganyela naye kuhulumeni wasezulwini owaziwa njengo“mbuso wamazulu.” Ngaleyondlela wabikezela ukuthi ukutshala kwakhe okuhle kwakuzophazanyiswa isitha uSathane uDeveli. Insimu yayingeke nje iveze isivuno esifiselekayo samaKristu eqiniso anjengamabele, kodwa futhi nesivuno samaKristu-mbumbulu anjengokhula. Womabili ayezovunyelwa akhule ndawonye kuze kube sesikhathini sokuvuna, lapho umsebenzi wokwehlukanisa wenziwa. Ngokungaphezulu, lomsebenzi wokwehlukanisa wawuzoba ngesinye isici se‘zinsuku zokugcina,’ ‘isiphelo sesimiso sezinto.’—Math. 13:24-30, 36-43; qhathanisa noMathewu 24:3; 2 Thimothewu 3:1.
4. Kungani lomfanekiso kumelwe usithakazelise?
4 Ingabe unesithakazelo sokubona ukuphela kwalesimiso samanje esibi? Ingabe uyokuthinta wena siqu umphumela walomsebenzi wokuvuna? Futhi, ingabe konje umfanekiso kaJesu awusinikezi indlela yokuqonda umlando wobuKristu phakathi namakhulu eminyaka? Ake sibone.
UMFANEKISO WAMABELE NOKHULA
5, 6. (a) Kungani inkulumo ethi “umbuso wezulu” kulomfanekiso ingenakubhekisela kuhulumeni kaKristu wasezulwini? (b) Ngakho-ke, imifanekiso yombuso ibhekiselaphi futhi ifanekiselani?
5 Ogwini loLwandle lwaseGalile, olungekude kakhulu nendlu lapho ayehlala khona, uJesu walandisa lomfanekiso kubafundi bakhe nasesixukwini esikhulu sabantu abalangazelayo, ethi: “Umbuso wezulu ufaniswa nomuntu owahlwanyela imbewu enhle ensimini yakhe; kepha abantu besalele, kwafika isitha sakhe, sahlwanyela ukhula phakathi kwamabele, samuka. Kwathi ukuba likhule ikhaba, kuthele isithelo, khona kwabonakala nokhula.”—Math. 13:24-26.
6 Ukucabangela ngokushesha eminye imifanekiso yombuso kuMathewu isahluko 13 kusisiza ukuba siqaphele ukuthi inkulumo ethi “umbuso wezulu” njengoba isetshenziswe kulemifanekiso ayinakubhekisela kuhulumeni wobuMesiya ophelele noma umbuso emazulwini. Kungenzeka yini “ukhula,” “ububi” obufana nemvubelo (Math 13 ivesi 33; 1 Kor. 5:8) noma abantu abafaniswa nobubi, “izinhlanzi” ezingafanelekile (Math 13 amavesi 47-50) bahlanganiswe noKristu embusweni wakhe wasezulwini? Lutho neze! Ngakho-ke, lemifanekiso kumelwe ukuba ibhekisele ezintweni ezinhle nezimbi eziye zenzeka ngokuqondene nokukhethwa kwabesikhathi esizayo abayohlanganyela noKristu “embusweni wezulu.” Ngokukhethekile, umfanekiso wamabele nokhula ufanekisa isimo phakathi kwalabo emhlabeni abathi bangababizelwe ukubusa noKristu embusweni wakhe. Lesisimo sasiyovunyelwa okwesikhashana, ngaphambi kokuba sipheliswe ekupheleni ko“kuvuna” okungokomfakeniso.
7, 8. (a) Ubani “iNdodana yomuntu”? (b) Isiphi esinye isiprofetho esikhuluma nge“ndodana yomuntu” nalabo abafanekiselwa “imbewu enhle”?
7 UJesu ngokwakhe kamuva wachaza incazelo engokomfanekiso yo“mnumzane,” noma “umuntu owahlwanyela,” ‘insimu yakhe,’ “imbewu enhle,” “isitha sakhe” kanye no“khula.” Indaba ifundeka kanje: “Khona wazishiya izixuku, weza endlini. Basondela kuye abafundi bakhe, bathi: Sichasisele umfanekiso wokhula ensimini. Wayesephendula, ethi kubo: Ohlwanyela imbewu enhle yiNdodana yomuntu; insimu yizwe; imbewu enhle yibo abangabantwana bombuso; kodwa ukhula ngabantwana bomubi; kepha isitha esaluhlwanyelayo nguSathane.”—Math. 13:36-39.
8 UJesu wazichaza ngokwakhe njenge“Ndodana yomuntu.” (Math. 8:20; 25:31; 26:64) Ngokuthakazelisayo, kwakungokuqondene noMbuso lapho uJesu ngokwesiprofetho abizwa khona ngokuthi “indodana yomuntu” embonweni kaDaniyeli. Lesosiprofetho sithi: “Yanikwa [“indodana yomuntu”] ukubusa, nobukhosi, nombuso, ukuze bonke abantu, nezizwe, nezilimi bayikhonze; ukubusa kwayo kungukubusa okuphakade okungayikudlula, nombuso wayo yiwo ongayikuchithwa.” Ukubonisa ukuthi iNdodana yomuntu yayiyoba nabathile abayobusa nayo, umbono ongokwesiprofetho futhi uthi: “Umbuso nokubusa nobukhulu bemibuso phansi kwalo lonke izulu kuyakunikwa isizwe sabangcwele boPhezukonke; umbuso wakhe ungumbuso ongunaphakade; yonke imibuso iyakumkhonza, imlalele.”—Dan. 7:13, 14, 27.
UKUTSHALA “IMBEWU ENHLE”
9. Iyini “insimu,” futhi kungani uJesu eye watshala “imbewu enhle” kuyo?
9 UJesu, “umnumzane” womfanekiso, uhlwanyela “imbewu enhle ensimini yakhe” enombono wokubutha ezweni inani elidingekayo labanjalo “abangcwele,” noma “abantwana bombuso.” Le“nsimu” ichazwa njenge“yizwe [ngesiGreki, koʹsmos],” izwe lesintu. Kusukela ngesikhathi senkonzo kaJesu yasemhlabeni kuqhubeke, isintu saba yi“nsimu,” insimu engokwenkolo yethuba lokutshala nokulima “imbewu enhle,” noma “abantwana bombuso.” (1 Kor. 3:9) UJesu ngentshiseko walungiselela ingxenye yamaJuda yale“nsimu” phakathi neminyaka emithathu nengxenye yenkonzo yakhe yasemhlabeni. (Math. 9:35-38) Khona-ke, kusukela ngePentekoste lika-33 C.E. kuqhubeke, watshala “imbewu enhle,” okokuqala phakathi kwamaJuda, futhi ekugcineni ezweni lonke, noma “insimu.”—IzE. 1:8.
10. Iyiphi intuthuko umsebenzi wokutshala owayenza phakathi kwamaJuda namaproselithe?
10 Echaza “imbewu enhle,” uJesu wathi: “Yibo abangabantwana bombuso.” Abokuqala balaba abazelwe ngomoya, nabagcotshiwe “abantwana bombuso” babengabaphostoli bakaJesu abathembekile nabanye abafundi abangaba yi-100 noma ngaphezulu, kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane, abamukela isipho somoya ongcwele ngePentekoste lika-33 C.E. eJerusalema. (IzE. 1:13-15; 2:1-4) Ngalolosuku olufanayo, cishe abanye abayizi-3 000, kokubili amaJuda namaproselithe, banezelwa ebandleni lobuKristu elalisanda kumiswa. (IzE. 2:5-11, 41) UJehova wawubusisa lomsebenzi wokuhlwanyela futhi wa“nezela ebandleni imihla ngemihla abasindiswayo,” kangangokuthi ngokushesha “umumo wamadoda [cishe ngaphandle kwabesifazane] waba kungathi izinkulungwane eziyisihlanu.” Kamuva, ukulandisa kuyanezela: “Benezelwa kakhulu abakholwa yiNkosi, abaningi nabesilisa nabesifanaze.” (IzE. 2:47; 4:4; 5:14) Umsebenzi wokuhlwanyela wawuqhubekela phambili ngesivinini phakathi kwamaJuda namaproselithe.
11. Ukutshala kwaqhubeka kanjani phakathi kwamaSamariya nabangewona amaJuda?
11 Ngemva kokuhlela ukuba imbewu ihlwanyelwe phakathi kwamaSamariya (IzEnzo, isahl. 8), uMhlwanyeli uJesu, ngomoya ongcwele, waqhubekisela umsebenzi wokuhlwanyela kwabangasokile abangemaJuda noma abeZizwe. (IzEnzo isahl. 10; 13:1-5, 46, 47) Kungakapheli amashumi amangaki eminyaka amabandla obuKristu ayesemisiwe kusukela eNyakatho Afrika kuya oLwandle oluMnyama, kusuka eBabiloni kuya eItaly, ngisho naphambili entshonalanga. (IzE. 2:5-11; 1 Pet. 5:13; Roma 15:24; Kol. 1:5, 6, 23) Ngenxa yokuhlwanyela ngentshiseko, ‘lalikhula ikhaba futhi kuthela nesithelo.’—Math. 13:26.
UKUHLWANYELWA KOKHULA
12, 13. Ubani “isitha,” futhi salutshala kanjani ukhula “abantu besalele”?
12 Kodwa kukhona ukuganga okwakwenzeka. Umzekeliso kaJesu wawuxwayisile: “Kepha abantu besalele, kwafika isitha sakhe [uMhlwanyeli], sahlwanyela ukhula phakathi kwamabele, samuka. Kwathi ukuba likhule ikhaba, kuthele isithelo, khona kwabonakala nokhula.” (Math. 13:25, 26) UJesu wachaza “isitha sakhe” njengo“Sathane,” owayezokwenza umsebenzi wakhe wokonela phansi “abantu besalele.” EBhayibhelini ‘ukulala’ kungafanekisela ukufa noma ukozela ngokomoya. (Math. 9:24; Roma 13:11; 1 Thes. 5:6) Ngemva kokuba ekhulume ‘ngokuphelelisa ukuhamba kwakhe,’ uPawulu watshela abadala bebandla lobuKristu e-Efesu: “Mina ngiyazi ukuthi emva kokumuka kwami kuzakungena kini izimpisi ezihahayo zingawuhawukeli umhlambi, naphakathi kwenu kuzakuvuka amadoda akhuluma okudukisayo, ahunge abafundi ukubalandela. Ngakho lindani.”—IzE. 20:24-31.
13 Amaqiniso angokomlando abonisa ukuthi kwakungesikhathi “abantu besalele” lapho uSathane afika ‘wahlwanyela ukhula phakathi kwamabele.’ Lapho abaphostoli, ndawonye ababefana ‘nababambezela’ ukuhlubuka, beqala ukulala ngokufa, abaningi abadala abangamaKristu bahluleka ‘ukulinda.’ (2 Thes. 2:3, 6-8) Ngenxa yokozela ngokomoya, abazange babavikele “abantwana bombuso” kulezo“zimpisi ezihahayo” ezaqala ukungena phakathi kwabo. Lezi zaziwu“khula” olwahlwanyelwa phakathi kwe“mbewu enhle.” Ebhekisele esiphelweni esizayo sesikhathi sabaphostoli, uJohane, owafa ekugcineni kwabo bonke abaphostoli, wabhala: “Sekuyisikhathi sokugcina, njengalokho nezwa ukuthi umphikukristu uyeza, nakalokhu sekukhona abaphikukristu abaningi; ngalokho siyazi ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokugcina. Baphuma kithi, kodwa babengesibo abakithi; ngokuba uma bebengabakithi, babeyakuhlala nathi; kodwa baphuma, ukuze babonakaliswe ukuthi bonke abasibo abakithi.”—1 Joh. 2:18, 19.
14. Ikuphi ukwaziswa okunikezwayo ngohlobo lokhula okubhekiselwe kulo emfanekisweni kaJesu?
14 UJesu waphawula “Ukhula ngabantwana bomubi.” (Math. 13:38) Encwadini yakhe ethi Natural History of the Bible, uH. B. Tristram ukhulumela uhlobo lokhula okubhekiselwe kulo kulomfanekiso. Uyaloba: “Ukhula (zizania) luyefana nezawân yaseArabiya, lapho kuvela khona igama lesiGreki Lolium temulentum, noma Bearded Darnel. . . . Luwuhlobo lotshani obusakolo, futhi buwukuphela kohlobo lotshani olunezinhlamvu ezinobuthi obubulalayo. Leligama elithi zawân livela kwelithi zân, ‘ukuhlanza,’ umphumela wokudla lobutshani uveza isicasucasu esinzima, ukugongobala, nokuhuda, ngokuvamile okugcina ngokufa. Lobutshani, obunecembe elibanzi kunobuningi utshani basendle, bufana ncimishi namabele kuze kube yilapho kuvela umnyane.”
15. (a) Ingabe “ukhula” lunga“mabele” asohlotsheni oluphansi? (b) Ngakho-ke, ikuphi “iNdodana yomuntu” engenacala kukho?
15 Kumelwe kuphawulwe ukuthi lolu“khula” alulona uhlobo lwamabele oluphansi, njengoba ezinye izazi zomthetho wamaJudaa nabanye bake bakholelwa. Imbewu yamabele ayilokothi iziguqulele okhuleni. Lokhu kungaba ngokuphambene nomthetho kaJehova ongenakuguquka wokuthi: “Umhlaba mawuveze utshani, nemifino ethela imbewu, nemithi yezithelo ethela izithelo ngezinhlobo zayo.” (Gen. 1:11, 12) Leliqiniso elingokwesayensi liyayikhulula “iNdodana yomuntu,” uKristu Jesu, ‘umhlwanyeli wembewu enhle,’ kunoma yiliphi icala lalokho okwenzeka “ensimini yakhe.” “Imbewu enhle” ayitshala yayingeke imane iphenduke isivuno sokhula. Yayingaveza kuphela “amabele,” noma “abantwana bombuso” beqiniso. Okwenzeka kamuva “ensimini” yakhe kwakuwumphumela wokutshala ngamabomu nangenhliziyo embi kwesitha sakhe “ukhula,” noma “abantwana bomubi.”
16. Umfanekiso wa“mabele” no“khula” unakuphi ukuthakazelisa okungokomlando?
16 Ngaleyondlela, umfanekiso kaJesu wa“mabele” no“khula” wenza okwengeziwe ekuchazeni umlando wobuKristu kuwo wonke amakhulu eminyaka. Amaqiniso angokomlando abonisa ukuthi ngemva kokufa kwabaphostoli uSathane wafaka phakathi kwebandla lamaKristu eqiniso “ukhula” oluningi, “izimpisi ezihahayo” kanye na“baphikukristu,” njengoba nje uJesu, uPawulu, uPetru, uJohane noJuda babebikezele. (IzE. 20:29; 2 Pet. 1:1-3; 1 Joh. 2:18; Juda 4) Kuye kwaba njengoba uJesu aphawula: “Kwathi ukuba likhule ikhaba, kuthele isithelo, khona kwabonakala nokhula.”—Math. 13:26.
17. Kunini lapho “ukhula” lwabonakala ngokukhethekile?
17 Lolu“khula” lwabonakala ngokusobala phakathi nekhulu lesibili nelesithathu, okuyisikhathi lapho izimfundiso ezingezona ezingokombhalo njengokungafi komphefumulo, isihogo somlilo noMthath’ emunye, zaqala ukufundiswa khona yilabo okuthiwa obaba besonto. Amaningi alamadoda ayeyizihlakaniphi zezwe kunokuba ababonisi beqiniso bobuKristu abathembekile ezimfundisweni zeBhayibheli. Umvuthwandaba wafika ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesine, lapho uMbusi uConstantine oyiqaba ehlanganisa ubuKristu obuhlubukayo nenkolo yobuqaba yamaRoma. Obunjalo ubuKristu-mbumbulu, ngezinhlobo zabo zobuRoma Katolika, ubuOrthodox bamaRashiya, ubuOrthodox bamaGreki nobuProtestandi, buye baveza isivuno esikhulu so“khula” hayi nje kuphela emakhulwini eminyaka adlule kodwa kuze kube sesikhathini samanje.
“YEKANI KUKHULE KOKUBILI NDAWONYE”
18. Ngokomfanekiso kaJesu, ikuphi okunye okwenzekayo?
18 Lesisimo sasimelwe siphazamise “izisebenzi” ‘zeNdodana yomuntu.’ Umfanekiso kaJesu uyaqhubeka: “Kwase kufika izisebenzi zomnumzane, zathi kuye: Nkosi, awuhlwanyelanga imbewu enhle ensimini yakho na? Pho, ilutholephi ukhula na? Wathi kuzo: Lokhu kwenziwe ngumuntu oyisitha. Izisebenzi zathi kuye: Uthanda ukuba siye ukulubutha na? Kodwa wathi: Qha, funa nithi, nxa nibutha ukhula, nisiphule amabele kanye nalo. Yekani kukhule kokubili ndawonye, kuze kuvunwe; ngesikhathi sokuvuna ngiyakuthi kwabavunayo: Buthani kuqala ukhula, nilubophe izinyanda ukuba lushiswe, nibuthele amabele engotsheni yami.”—Math. 13:27-30.
19. Kungani “izisebenzi zomnumzane” zazikhathazekile?
19 Ukuthi lezi“zisebenzi” ezikhathazekile (Math 13 ivesi 27) ziyefana na“bavunayo” (Math 13 ivesi 30) uJesu akachazi. Uma zifana, lokhu kungasho ukuthi izingelosi zazikhathazekile ngokukhula okukhulu ko“khula” ensimini yeNkosi yazo. (Math. 13:39) Lezi“zisebenzi” zabuza ukuthi ingabe kwakumele ngokushesha zisiphule ukhula, olwalufanekisela “abantwana bomubi.” (Math. 13:38) Zazesaba ukuthi lamaKristu-mbumbulu, noma “ukhula,” olwaluhlwanyelwe ngenhliziyo embi “isitha,” uDeveli, lungase lucinanise “amabele” eqiniso, “abantwana bombuso” beqiniso.
20. Iyiphi impendulo “umnumzane” ayinikeza “izisebenzi” zakhe, futhi lokhu kuye kwafakazelwa kanjani umlando?
20 Kodwa “umnumzane,” “iNdodana yomuntu,” akazange agunyaze “izisebenzi” zakhe ukuba ziyobutha “ukhula,” noma amaKristu-mbumbulu, asuswe phakathi kwa“mabele,” amaKristu eqiniso. Wathi: “Yekani kukhule kokubili ndawonye, kuze kuvunwe.” Kuye kwenzeka kanjalo-ke ukuba ubuKristu beqiniso nobamanga bukhule ndawonye “ensimini,” noma ‘ezweni,’ lesintu. Nokho, “isikhathi sokuvuna” kwakumelwe sifike. Nini? Futhi lokhu kukuthinta kanjani wena?
[Umbhalo waphansi]
a “IThe Jerusalem Talmud icaphuna umbono wokuthi ukhula lubizwa ngokuthi zunim ngenxa yokuthi ngenxa yalo amabele mezannot (‘ayaphinga’), okungukuthi, ashintsha izici zawo abe ukhula.”—Encyclopædia Judaica, Volume 15, uhlu 810.
[Isithombe ekhasini 17]
Ukhula
Amabele