Isivande Ssomdabu Esinobuhle Obungavamile
NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EGUADELOUPE
BABEHLALA endaweni enhle kodwa bengakwazi ukujabulela ubuhle bayo. Kusukela ngekhulu le-17 kuqhubeke, sasinjalo isimo ezinkulungwaneni zabantu base-Afrika abathunjwa futhi balethwa eGuadeloupe naseMartinique. Babephila ngokugqilazwa emasimini omoba akulezi ziqhingi zaseCaribbean ukuphila kwabo konke.
Abanikazi bamasimu abaningi babengazondli izigqila, ngakho zazizilimela izivande. Zazingawudingi umsebenzi owengeziwe, kodwa okungenani zazikwazi ukuzitshalela ukudla ezikuthandayo. Zazitshala umdumbula, ubhoqongwane (i-yam) kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokudla ezinambitheka kangcono futhi ezinempilo kunanoma yini ezazingase ziyithole kubanikazi bazo. Zazitshala ngisho namakhambi kanye nezinongo zokupheka.
Ngo-1848 uhulumeni waseFrance waqeda ukugqilazwa kwabantu kulezi ziqhingi, kodwa laba bantu abase bekhululiwe baqhubeka nokutshala izivande. Namuhla abantu baseGuadeloupe naseMartinique, iningi labo eliyizizukulwane zabantu ababesebenza kanzima base-Afrika, bayaqhubeka bezilimela izivande ezibizwa ngokuthi izivande zesiCreole.
Ihlathi Lemvula Elincane
Imizi yezigqila ngokuvamile yayiba nezinhlobo ezimbili zezivande. Ngokuvamile isivande semifino sasiba buqamamana nomuzi. “Isivande sasendlini” (noma i-jardin de case, njengoba saziwa kanjalo endaweni) sasiba seduze komuzi, futhi kunjalo nangesivande sesiCreole sanamuhla. Lesi sivande sinenqwaba yezimbali eziminyene, utshani, izihlahla nehlathi lemvula eliyisinindolo. Njengoba uhlaza lugcwele yonke indawo, ungaqale ube nombono wokuthi kuhle kodwa akuhlelekile. Kodwa lesi sivande sihleleke kakhulu futhi sinezingxenye ezihlukene. Izindledlana zenza umlimi akwazi ukusondela ezitshalweni.
Isivande siqala ngemva kwendlu siye ngaphambili, lapho siba njengendawo enhle kakhulu yokwamukela izihambi. Lapho abomndeni bamukela izivakashi, badlula nazo phakathi kwezihlahla ezimibalabala zama-croton, ama-golden-trumpet, nama-bougainvillea anamaqabunga agqamile, kanye nama-ixora.
Izitshalo ezingamakhambi ziba kwezinye izingxenye zesivande sesiCreole, lapho zivame ukuthola khona umthunzi wendlu. I-basil, usinamoni, i-goatweed, i-bay leaf ne-jack in the bush kuyingxenye yamakhambi omdabu akulezi ziqhingi. Kutshalwe ne-lemon grass kulesi sivande, futhi ukushisa amaqabunga ayo omile kuxosha omiyane.
Kubantu abaningi kulezi ziqhingi luyigugu ulwazi lwabo lwamakhambi. Ngezikhathi zakudala lapho othile ehlatshwa ukugula noma elimala, ngokuvamile kwakuba kude kakhulu kwadokotela. Ngakho-ke, abantu babekwazi ukuzelapha ngamakhambi esivande sesiCreole. Lezi zitshalo zisasetshenziselwa ukwelapha namanje, kodwa ukuzelapha kungaba yingozi. Kunokuba lelaphe isiguli, ikhambi elingasetshenziswanga kahle lingenza isiguli sigule kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umphakathi wesimanje kulezi ziqhingi ngokuvamile uthembela ekwelashweni abantu abaqeqeshelwe ukwelapha.
Engxenyeni enkulu yesivande sesiCreole, esemva kwendlu, kutshalwa izilimo ezidliwayo kuphela. Kuso uthola ubhoqongwane, ama-eggplant, ummbila, i-spleen amaranth, ulethisi kanye nezinye izitshalo, futhi izinongo ezisetshenziselwa ukupheka lokhu kudla zitshalwe eduzane nje. Lapho, kungatshalwa izihlahla zikabhanana, futhi ungase ubone izihlahla ezinjenge-breadfruit, ukwatapheya, ugwava noma umango.
Zibonele Ubuhle
Uma uhamba eduze kwesivande sesiCreole, ungase ufune ukubujabulela eduze ubuhle baso. Uma usuphakathi kuso, ungajabulela izimbali eziqhakazile nendlela amaqabunga ahleleke ngayo njengoba ilanga ligqamisa imibala yawo. Ngaleso sikhathi, umoya ohelezayo wenza ingxubevange yamakha angefaniswe ngisho namakha asebhodleleni. Yebo, uyasijabulela lesi sivande, nakuba uyisivakashi nje. Cabanga ukuthi ujabula kanjani umninikhaya otshale lesi sivande futhi ochitha isikhathi kuso usuku nosuku!
Ingabe izivande zesiCreole ziyohlala zikhona? Abanye abantu bakulezi ziqhingi bakhala ngokuthi intsha ayinasithakazelo ekunakekeleni lo msebenzi womdabu omuhle futhi ozuzisa kangaka. Noma kunjalo, intsha eningi, kuhlanganise nabadala, bayabazisa ubuhle balezi zivande kanye nalokho eziyikho kwabomdabu. Isivande ngasinye sesiCreole siyisikhumbuzo sendlela izigqila zase-Afrika ezenza ngayo izimo ezimbi zaba ngcono.
[Ibhokisi ekhasini 27]
ELITHI “CREOLE” LISHO UKUTHINI?
Igama elithi “Creole” ekuqaleni lalisho abantu ababezalelwe eNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe kodwa abanabazali abadabuka eYurophu, kodwa manje selinezincazelo eziningi. Abantu abathile baseHaiti basebenzisa igama elithi “Creole” ukuchaza into ekhangayo noma esezingeni eliphezulu. Ezinye izilimi eJamaica, eHaiti nakwezinye izindawo zibizwa ngokuthi isiCreole. Ngokuyisisekelo, isiCreole ulimi olwavela olimini oluyisifanakalo kodwa oseluwulimi lomdabu lweqembu elithile labantu.
Elithi “Creole” selichaza nohlobo oluthile lokuphila, isiko labomdabu eliye lakhula eziqhingini eziningi zaseCaribbean. EPuerto Rico naseDominican Republic, igama leSpanishi elihlobene naleli, elithi criollo, linaleyo ncazelo. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka izizukulwane zabomdabu, ama-Afrika, nabantu baseYurophu abaseCaribbean beganiselana, okuye kwaphumela ekuzalweni kwezingane ezinhle namasiko athakazelisayo. Yile ndlela yokuphila eyenza ukuba izivande zesiCreole zaseGuadeloupe naseMartinique zethiwe leli gama.
[Izithombe ekhasini 26]
Izithombe eziphakathi (kusukela phezulu): i-“alpinia,” upelepele, uphayinaphu, ukhokho nekhofi