Amathayi Ukuphila Kwakho Kungaxhomeka Kuwo!

AKE ucabange uvalelwe ebhokisini lensimbi nengilazi elihlanganiswe ngokushiselwa, eduze kwakho kunamabhodlela e-asidi noketshezi oluvutha kalula. Manje thatha lo mshini oyingozi uthi ukuwuphakamisa kancane bese uwenza ugijime ngesivinini esingaba amamitha angu-30 ngomzuzwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, faka lo mshini wakho phakathi kweminye efana nawo bese uyivumela ukuba ihambisane ngesivinini kuyilapho niphambana neminye futhi imishini!

Yilokho ngempela okwenzayo njalo lapho ugibela emotweni bese ushayela emgwaqweni omkhulu. Yini ekusiza ukuba ukwazi ukuyilawula futhi uzizwe uphephile lapho ushayela? Ngokwengxenye enkulu, amathayi emoto yakho.

Lokho Okwenziwa Amathayi

Amathayi afeza izinjongo ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile. Awagcini nje ngokuthwala imoto yakho kodwa futhi ayivikela ezikhisini, emigodini, nakwezinye izithiyo ezisemgwaqweni. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, amathayi asiza imoto ibambelele phansi ukuze ukwazi ukunezela ijubane, ukujika, ukubhuleka, nokuqondisa imoto ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene emgwaqweni. Nokho, yingxenye encane kuphela yethayi—ecishe ilingane neposikhadi—ethinta umgwaqo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Uma ucabangela ukubaluleka kwamathayi, yini ongayenza ukuze uwagcine esebenza ngokuphephile nangendlela efanele? Uma sekufika isikhathi, uwakhetha kanjani amathayi afanele imoto yakho? Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule le mibuzo, ake sibukeze kafushane umlando wamathayi.

Izingqalabutho Zemikhiqizo Yenjoloba

Nakuba sekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka kusetshenziswa amasondo, umcabango wokufaka injoloba emasondweni ezimoto uyinto entsha uma kuqhathaniswa. Injoloba engokwemvelo yaqala ukufakwa emasondweni okhuni noma ensimbi ekuqaleni kwawo-1800. Kodwa yayiguga ngokushesha, ngakho ikusasa lamasondo anenjoloba labonakala lilufifi—kwaze kwafika uCharles Goodyear, umklami onogqozi waseConnecticut, e-U.S.A. Ngo-1839, uGoodyear wathola inqubo yokuhlanganisa injoloba nesibabule ngokuyipheka. Le nqubo yenza kwaba lula ukusebenza ngenjoloba futhi yathuthukisa ukuqina kwayo. Amathayi enjoloba aqala ukuba intandokazi, kodwa ayedledlezela kakhulu.

Ngo-1845, unjiniyela waseScotland uRobert W. Thomson wathola igunya lokwenza ithayi lokuqala elimpontshwa umoya. Nokho, ithayi elimpontshwayo laqala ukudayisa ngemva kokuba omunye umlisa waseScotland, uJohn Boyd Dunlop, ezame ukuthuthukisa indlela ibhayisekili lendodana yakhe elalihamba ngayo. UDunlop wenza ithayi lakhe elisha ngo-1888 wayesevula inkampani yakhe. Noma kunjalo, kwakusadingeka ukuba ithayi elimpontshwayo linqobe izithiyo ezinkulu.

Ngolunye usuku ngo-1891, umgibeli othile webhayisekili ongumFulentshi waphantshelwa yisondo. Wazama ukulilungisa kodwa wehluleka ngoba ithayi lalihlangene nengxenye yesondo lebhayisekili eyinsimbi kungahlukaniseki. Wacela usizo komunye umFulentshi, u-Édouard Michelin, owayaziwa ngokusebenza ngenjoloba ephekiwe. UMichelin wachitha amahora angu-9 elungisa leli thayi. Lokho kwamshukumisela ukuba aklame ithayi elimpontshwayo eliphumayo engxenyeni yesondo eyinsimbi ukuze kube lula ukulilungisa.

Amathayi kaMichelin aba yimpumelelo kangangokuba ngonyaka owalandela kwase kunabagibeli abangu-10 000 bamabhayisekili ababekujabulela ukuwasebenzisa. Ngokushesha, amathayi ampontshwayo aqala ukusetshenziswa ezinqoleni zamahhashi eParis, okwabajabulisa ngempela abagibeli baseFrance. Ngo-1895, ukuze babonise ukuthi amathayi ampontshwayo ayengasetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinenjini, u-⁠Édouard nomfowabo, u-André, bawafaka emotweni yomjaho, kodwa yaphuma emsileni. Yize kunjalo, abantu babemangele ngala mathayi angavamile kangangokuba bazama ukuwasika bawavule ukuze nje babone ukuthi izelamani zakwaMichelin zazifihleni ngaphakathi!

Ngawo-1930 nawo-1940, izinto ezintsha ezithe ukuqina, njenge-rayon, inayiloni, ne-polyester, zathatha indawo yezinto eziguga ngokushesha njengokotini nenjoloba engokwemvelo. Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, kwenziwa ithayi elingakhiphi moya elalinamathela ensimbini yesondo, kanjalo langabe lisadingeka ishubhu ngaphakathi ukuze lifuthwe. Kamuva, kwenziwa nenye intuthuko.

Namuhla, kunezinto ezingaphezu kuka-200 ezisetshenziswayo uma kwenziwa ithayi. Ngosizo lobuchwepheshe besimanje, amanye amathayi aguga ngemva kokwenza amakhilomitha angu-130 000 noma ngaphezulu, kuyilapho amanye engasebenza emotweni yomjaho ehamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angamakhulu ngehora. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nabantu abavamile sebengakwazi ukuzithengela amathayi.

Ukukhetha Amathayi

Uma unemoto, kungenzeka ubhekane nomsebenzi onzima wokukhetha amathayi amasha. Ubona ngani ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha amathayi? Ngokuhlola amathayi akho njalo ukuthi awanazo yini izimpawu zokuguga noma zomonakalo.a Abenzi bamathayi bawafaka izimpawu zokubonisa ukuthi asegugile, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-wear bar, ukuze ubone uma amathayi esephelile. Lezi zimpawu zingamabhande enjoloba avundla emazengeni ethayi. Kuhle nokuhlola ukuhlukana kwamazenga, izingcingo eziphumele ngaphandle, amaqhubu emaceleni nezinye izinto ezingavamile. Uma uthola noma ikuphi kwalokhu, akufanele uhambe ngemoto kuze kube yilapho lelo thayi selilungisiwe noma selishintshiwe. Uma lawo mathayi wawuwathenge emasha, umdayisi wawo angase akushintshele ithayi elonakele ngesaphulelo uma linesiqiniseko.

Kungcono kakhulu ukushintsha amathayi ngamabili, angaphambili noma angemuva. Uma kuwukuthi ufaka ithayi elilodwa kuphela elisha, lifake nethayi elisaphilile ukuze abambe ngendlela efanayo lapho ubhuleka.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamathayi ezingafani, ubungako bawo, namagama kungadida. Nokho, ngokuphendula imibuzo embalwa eyisisekelo, uyowuthola ulula kakhulu lo msebenzi. Okokuqala, bukeza lokho okutuswa umklami wemoto. Imoto yakho inezidingo ezithile okufanele uzicabangele, njengobukhulu bamasondo, ukuphakama kwemoto, nesisindo okufanele isithwale. Kubalulekile nokuthi imoto iklanywe kanjani. Izimoto zesimanje ezinamabhuleki angalibophi ngci isondo, ezinendlela yokuqondisa ukubamba kwamasondo emgwaqweni, nezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo ziklanyelwe ukusebenzisa amathayi anezici ezithile ezikhethekile. Ngokuvamile imininingwane ngamathayi emoto yakho itholakala encwadini yemoto.

Esinye isici okufanele usicabangele isimo somgwaqo. Ingabe imoto yakho izohamba kakhulu ebhuqwini noma etiyeleni, emvuleni noma lapho komile? Kungenzeka ushayela ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene. Uma kunjalo, ungase udinge ithayi elisebenza kuzo zonke izimo.

Kufanele futhi ucabangele nobude besikhathi sokuhlala kwethayi nendlela elibamba ngayo emgwaqweni. Ngokuvamile, uma amazenga ethayi ethambile, libambelela kangcono phansi, kodwa liyoguga ngokushesha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma amazenga ethayi eqinile, ngeke libambelele kahle phansi kodwa cishe liyohlala isikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile imininingwane enjalo itholakala ezincwadini zezikhangiso lapho kudayiswa khona amathayi. Qaphela ukuthi imininingwane yokusebenza kwamathayi iyahlukahluka kuye ngabaklami bawo.

Lapho usuzazi izinhlobo ongakhetha kuzo, intengo iyona eyonquma ukuthi ukhethani ekugcineni. Abenzi bamathayi abaziwayo ngokuvamile banemikhiqizo engcono futhi banikeza nesiqiniseko.

Ukunakekela Amathayi Akho

Ukunakekela amathayi ngendlela efanele kuhilela izinto ezintathu: ukuwagcina enomoya owanele, ukuwashintshanisa njalo, nokuwagcina elinganiswe kahle futhi eqondiswe ngokufanele. Ukugcina ithayi linomoya owanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ithayi linomoya omningi ngokweqile, amazenga alo ayophela ngokushesha phakathi nendawo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma umoya umncane, ithayi liyophela ngokushesha emaceleni futhi lenze imoto idle uphethiloli.

Ngokuvamile umoya osemasondweni uncipha ngesigamu sekhilogremu inyanga ngayinye ngenxa yokumfimfa komoya enjolobeni. Ngakho ungacabangi ukuthi uzowabona amathayi akho ukuthi anomoya owanele ngokuwabuka nje. Ngokwe-Rubber Manufacturers Association, “ithayi lingaphelelwa cishe yisigamu somoya okulo kodwa lingabonakali ukuthi liphantshile!” Ngakho-ke, hlola amathayi ngegeji yokuhlola umoya, futhi ukwenze okungenani kanye ngenyanga. Abanikazi abaningi bezimoto bahlala benegeji emotweni ukuze kube lula. Njalo hlola amathayi akho lapho ushintsha uwoyela wenjini futhi ukwenze kuphela lapho amathayi ebanda—ngamanye amazwi, uma engakahambi okungenani amahora amathathu noma uma ehambe ibanga elingaphansi kwekhilomitha nesigamu. Ngokuvamile imininingwane ephathelene nomthamo womoya okufanele umpontshelwe emathayini usencwadini yemoto, kuyilebula esengosini yomnyango womshayeli, noma ngaphakathi emotweni. Uma ufuna ukugwema ukudledlezela, ungawagcwalisi nswi amathayi, ngokwalokho okubhalwe ohlangothini lwethayi.

Amathayi ahlala isikhathi eside futhi aguge ngokulinganayo uma uwashintshanisa njalo. Kuyinto enhle ukushintshanisa amathayi njalo ngemva kwamakhilomitha angu-10 000 kuya kwangu-13 000, ngaphandle kwalapho umenzi wemoto etusa okuhlukile. Nalapha futhi, bheka incwadi yemoto ukuze ubone ukuthi kufanele uwashintshanise kanjani.

Okokugcina, hlola ukuqonda kwamasondo njalo ngonyaka noma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi uma uqaphela ukugexezela okungavamile noma ukungajiki kahle kwemoto. Nakuba imoto iklanyelwe ukuba iqondise amasondo ngokwayo lapho ithwele izisindo ezihlukahlukene, ukuguga okuvamile kwamathayi kwenza kube nesidingo sokuhlola nokuqondisa amathayi ngezikhathi ezithile. Uchwepheshe wokulungiswa kwezimoto onolwazi lokulungisa i-suspension nokuqondisa amasondo kufanele akwazi ukugcina amasondo emoto yakho eqondile, ngaleyo ndlela amathayi akho aqhube isikhathi eside nemoto yakho ihambe kamnandi.

Amathayi “Ahlakaniphile”

Ngosizo lwama-computer, ezinye izimoto zixwayisa umshayeli lapho amasondo engasenawo umoya owanele ngokuvumelana nezinga lokuphepha. Amanye amathayi ahamba kahle ibanga elifushane engenawo umoya, kanti amanye enziwe ngendlela yokuba azivale uma ephantshile. Yebo, onjiniyela sebeklama amathayi asebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu.

Njengoba izinto ezisetshenziswayo ekwenzeni amathayi, ukuklanywa kwamazenga, nezinqubo zokuqondisa nokujikisa imoto kanye namabhuleki kuthuthukiswa ezimotweni zesimanje, amathayi awenzi nje ukuthi ukushayela kube lula kodwa akwenza kuphephe.

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Ishadi/Isithombe ekhasini 15]

Uhlu Lokunakekela Amathayi

Izinto ongazibheka:

◻ Ingabe kunamaqhubu emaceleni?

◻ Ingabe kunezingcingo ezivela emazengeni?

◻ Ingabe amazenga asajule ngezinga eliphephile, noma ingabe izimpawu zokuguga kwesondo seziyabonakala?

Hlola nalokhu:

◻ Ingabe umfutho womoya emathayini uvumelana nalokho okutuswa umklami wemoto?

◻ Ingabe sekuyisikhathi sokushintshanisa amathayi? (Sebenzisa isimiso esituswa umklami wemoto sebanga okufanele ulihambe nendlela yokuwashintshanisa.)

◻ Ingabe kufanele ufake amathayi ahlukile ngenxa yokushintsha kwenkathi yonyaka?

[Isithombe]

Uphawu lokuguga kwethayi

[Umdwebo ekhasini 14]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

Izingxenye Zethayi

Izenga lenza isondo libambelele phansi futhi likwazi ukujika

Amabhande aqinisa amazenga ethayi

Izinhlangothi zivikela izinhlangothi zethayi zingalinyazwa umgwaqo namatshe

Ungqimba lwethayi lwenza ithayi liqine futhi livumelane nendawo elihamba kuyo

Ingaphakathi ligcina umoya ethayini

Umphetho wethayi uqinisekisa ukuthi ithayi lihlala khaxa ensimbini yesondo

[Izithombe ekhasini 13]

Ibhayisekili kanye nemoto yakudala, kokubili okwakunamathayi ampontshwayo; izisebenzi zasefektri endala yamathayi

[Umthombo]

The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company