Ukubuka Okwezwe

Ulaka Lwabashayeli Lapho Behlolwa

Iphephandaba laseParis i-International Herald Tribune libika ukuthi: “Ukuhlaselwa ngezinkulumo nangokoqobo ‘kwabahloli’ abangu-500 babashayeli eFrance kuye kwakhuphuka ngamaphesenti angu-150 kusukela ngo-1994.” Kulabo abasuke behlolelwa ukushayela, bangaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-60 abaphumelelayo ekuhlolweni kwemizuzu engu-20, kanti cishe bonke labo abasuke bengazange bazenze izifundo zokushayela ezibizayo abaphumeleli. Labo abangaphumeleli bakhiphela isibhongo kubahloli, babashaye ngenqindi noma babadonse ngezinwele babakhiphe emotweni. Omunye umhloli waze wajahwa yindoda eyayiphethe umjovo eyathi unegazi elinegciwane lengculaza. Muva nje, insizwa eneminyaka engu-23 engaphumelelanga ekuhlolweni, idubule umhloli ngesibhamu esinezinhlamvu zenjoloba. Ukuze kuqedwe bonke lobo budlova, abahloli batusa ukuba abashayeli baziswe ngeposi imiphumela yabo kunokuba batshelwe ngomlomo.

Abafundi Abacindezelekile

Iphephandaba laseMumbai i-Asian Age libika ukuthi isikhathi sokuhlolwa esikoleni ekupheleni konyaka senza izingane eziningi zicindezeleke eNdiya. Ukuzama ukubamba izinto ngekhanda ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kanye nokucindezela kokuthola amamaki aphezulu kunzima kakhulu kwezinye izingane, futhi inani lezingane eziya kodokotela bengqondo liphindeka kabili phakathi nesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Abanye abazali bavala zonke izinhlobo zokuzijabulisa ngoba befuna ukubona izingane zabo ziphumelela kahle ekuhlolweni. “Izingane zicindezelwa abazali bazo kakhulu. Bese kuphinda kuba ukuncintisana nabanye abafundi,” kuphawula udokotela wezifo zengqondo uV. K. Mundra. Unezela ngokuthi abazali abaningi “abaqapheli ukuthi ukusiza ingane iphumule kuzoqabula ingqondo yayo futhi kuyisize itadishe kangcono.” UDkt. Harish Shetty uphawula ukuthi ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa “kuye kwehlela ngisho nabafundi abasaqala esikoleni kuya kwabenza ibanga lesihlanu.”

Izingulube Zehlathi Ziya Edolobheni

Iphephandaba lesiJalimane eliphuma masonto onke i-Woche lithi izingulube zehlathi, ngokuvamile ezinamahloni ezizihlalela ehlathini, ziye zathola ukuthi emadolobheni azitholi nje kuphela ukudla okuningi kodwa zivikeleka nakubazingeli. Izingulube eziyizinsikazi zize zihululela nasedolobheni laseBerlin. Lezi zilwane ezilambile azihlali emahlathini nasemapaki omphakathi kuphela. Zishona nasezingadini zabantu, zizisize ngezigaxa zezimbali. Lezi zingulube, ezinesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu angu-350, ziye zesabise izakhamuzi eziningi, ngezinye izikhathi eziye zacasha ezihlahleni nasemagumbini okushaya ucingo. Lezi zilwane ziye zabangela izingozi eziningi emgwaqweni. Lapho zilibangise ekhaya zivela emsebenzini, izakhamuzi eziningi ziye zahlangabezana nalezi zilwane ezinoboya obumahlontuhlontu ezingene ngokungemthetho. Omunye umuntu wabuza: “Ngizongena kanjani endlini uma kunezingulube zehlathi ezingu-20 ezime phakathi kwemoto nomnyango wendlu ongaphambili?”

Imishado Yabeve Eshumini Nambili

Ukuhlola kwamuva kwe-National Family Health kuthi eNdiya intsha engamaphesenti angu-36 eshadile ineminyaka engu-13 kuya kwengu-16 ubudala. Lokhu kuhlola kwaveza nokuthi amantombazane aneminyaka engu-17 kuya kwengu-19 angamaphesenti angu-64 asenengane kakade noma akhulelwe, kubika iphephandaba laseMumbai i-Asian Age. Lo mbiko uthi omama abasakhula abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-15 nengu-19 banamathuba aphindwe kabili okubulawa yizimbangela ezihlobene nokukhulelwa kunalabo abaneminyaka engu-20 kuya kwengu-24. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo ezithathelwana ngobulili entsheni eneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-24 ziye zaphindeka kabili eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ochwepheshe bathi lezi zinkinga ezikhulayo zibangelwa ukuntula ulwazi nokuthola ukwaziswa okungeyikho ngezindaba zobulili kontanga nasemithonjeni yezindaba.

Ukuqeda Isifo Ngokubangela Esinye

I-Economist ithi: “Eminyakeni engu-30 edlule, abantu baseGibithe abathathu kwabahlanu babephethwe isichenene, isifo esithena amandla esibangelwa amagciwane athwalwa iminenke yasemanzini.” Imikhankaso yokulwa nesichenene ngemithi yanamuhla iye yalunciphisa kakhulu lolu songo. Kodwa manje sekutholakala ukuthi omunye wemikhankaso yokuqala kungenzeka “wachaya izigidi zabantu engozini yesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C, okuyigciwane elibulalayo elingathatha indawo yesichenene libe yinkinga yempilo ehamba phambili eGibithe.” Isizathu siwukuthi izinaliti okwakujovwa ngazo umuntu lapho ephethwe isichenene “zazilokhu zisetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi zazingahlanzwa kahle. . . . Ososayensi abazange balibone negciwane lesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C elalisegazini kwaze kwaba ngo-1988,” kusho lo magazini. Ukuhlola manje kubonisa ukuthi eGibithe “kunabantu abaningi kakhulu abaphethwe isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C emhlabeni.” Cishe izigidi ezingu-11 zabantu baseGibithe—cishe oyedwa kwabayisithupha—kuthiwa zinalesi sifo, esibhebhetheka sibe isifo sesibindi esingelapheki kubantu abangamaphesenti angu-70 futhi sibulale abangamaphesenti amahlanu. Sibiza lesi simo ngokuthi “ukusakazwa kwesifo okukhulu kakhulu okwenziwe odokotela okwaziwayo namuhla,” lesi sihloko siyanezela: “Into eyodwa eduduzayo ukuthi, ukuba ayenziwanga imikhankaso emikhulu, ngabe baningi abantu ababulawa isichenene.”

Ukungcola Kubanga Inhlupho Yezinsensane

Ukungcola kwamanzi kuye kwanezela enkingeni yezinambuzane ezilumayo eduze noMfula iChili, ogeleza udlule e-Arequipa, elinye lamadolobha amakhulu ePeru. Izakhamuzi lapho ziye zaqeda izibulala-zinambuzane ezikhona endaweni ukuze zilwe nokuhlasela kwezinsensane ezincane ezilumayo. Ngokwephephandaba laseLima i-Comercio, le nhlupho kukholelwa ukuthi ibangelwa amakhemikhali angcolise uMfula iChili. Leli phephandaba lithi kubonakala sengathi ubuthi bubulala amaxoxo amaningi kulo mfula, “osekuyiminyaka enendlela engokwemvelo yokulawula lezi zinambuzane.”

Amawayini Adakayo

Amaphoyisa namaqembu axwayisa ngophuzo oludakayo eBrithani, baxwayisa ngokuthi ukwanda kukagologo ewayinini kungenza abantu abaphuza ngezikhathi ezithile badakwe. Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ngokuvamile amawayini enkathi ethile ekhethekile noma amawayini anoshukela ayenogologo ongamaphesenti angu-13 noma angu-14. Nokho, manje amawayini aphuzwa nsuku zonke avame ukuba namaphesenti angu-14 kagologo. La mawayini avela ikakhulukazi emazweni anjenge-Australia, iNingizimu Afrika neChile, lapho kutholakala khona amagilebhisi avuthiwe namnandi ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo, okwenziwa ngawo amawayini adakayo. Ibika ngalokhu, i-Sunday Times yaseLondon icaphuna uMary-Ann McKibben, iphini lomqondisi we-Alcohol Concern, ethi: “Ayanda amawayini anogologo omningi, futhi sekuyabadida abathengi abanganaki ukuthi iwayini linogologo kakhulu.”

Zihlanzeké Kakhulu?

Ngokwe-Institute of Environmental Medicine and Hospital Hygiene eFreiburg University, eJalimane, izibulala-magciwane ezikwezinye izinto zasendlini zingase zingasizi ngalutho noma zibe yingozi, kubika iphephandaba laseJalimane i-Westfälische Nachrichten. UProfesa Franz Daschner, ophethe lesi sikhungo uthi: “Azidingeki. Kunalokho, abazisebenzisayo bangase balimale.” Phakathi kokunye ukuthi eminye yemikhiqizo enjalo inezinto abantu abangezwani nazo. Lo mbiko uthi izingubo ezinephunga elibi zidinga ukuwashwa nje kuphela, hhayi ukufakwa amakhemikhali alwa namagciwane. UDaschner uyaphetha: “Ukuhlanza okuvamile ngemikhiqizo engenangozi kwanele.”

Ukucindezela Kokuzivumelanisa Nabathile

Ukuhlola okwenziwa uhulumeni entsheni engu-500 eNgilandi kusikisela ukuthi intsha “icindezeleke kakhulu ukuba izivumelanise nemibono yemfashini eboniswa ezikhangisweni nasezindabeni,” kubika i-Guardian yaseLondon. Nakuba amantombazane evame ukulwa nokucindezeleka okunjalo ngokuthululela isifuba kumngane oseduze, abafana bakuthola kunzima ukuxoxa ngemizwa yabo, umphumela kube ukuthi abaningi babonisa intukuthelo yabo ngokuziphatha okunonya noma ngobugebengu. Benemizwa yokuzinyeza nokucindezeleka okukhulu, abafana banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuzibulala kunamantombazane angontanga yabo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amantombazane asengozini ephindwe kane yokuzilimaza ngenhloso noma yokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla njengokuzincisha ukudla noma ukufobela.

Abadlali Bebhola Abalahliwe

“Abadlali abasebasha bebhola likanobhutshuzwayo abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-90 abathathwa e-Afrika ukuba bayodlalela amaqembu aseFrance bagcina sebeyizisebenzi ezingekho emthethweni [ezingenalo] ithemba lokuba yingxenye yomphakathi waseFrance,” kusho umagazini waseParis i-Marianne. Umbiko kahulumeni waseFrance wagxeka amanxusa angenazimiso ahamba umhlaba wonke efuna intsha “engabadlali abaphambili.” Izinkulungwane zezinsizwa zase-Afrika, kuhlanganise nabafana abangaba ngu-300 abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-13, ziye zayengwa ithemba lekusasa eliqhakazile kwezemidlalo. Kodwa iningi alizitholi izivumelwano zokudlalela iqembu elithile futhi ligcina lingasenalo ngisho nesenti. Lo magazini uyaphawula: “Abameli babadlali banezinye izindaba eziningi ezidabukisayo ukudlula ezinhle abangasilandisa zona.”