Ukuzibulala—Umqedazwe Ofihlekile
UJOHN NOMARYa sebecela eminyakeni engu-60 ubudala futhi bahlala emzini omncane emaphandleni ase-United States. UJohn uyawohloka kancane kancane ngenxa ye-emphysema nesifo senhliziyo. UMary akakucabangi ukuphila ngaphandle kukaJohn, kodwa akathandi ukumbona eqhubeka eba buthaka, ephefumula kanzima. UMary naye unezinkinga zempilo futhi sekuyiminyaka ecindezelekile. Muva nje uJohn uhlala esovalweni ngoba uMary ubelokhu ekhuluma ngokuzibulala. Ingqondo yakhe idideke kakhulu ngenxa yokucindezeleka nemithi eminingi ayiphuzayo. Uthi akakucabangi ukuphila yedwa.
Umuzi wabo ugcwele imithi—amaphilisi enhliziyo, imithi yokucindezeleka nezidambisa-zinhlungu. Ngolunye usuku ekuseni, uMary ushona ekhishini abese eqala ukuphuza amaphilisi. Uyaqhubeka ewaphuza kuze kufike uJohn amphuce wona. UJohn ushaya ucingo abize abosizo lokuqala njengoba uMary equleka. Uthandazela ukuba angashoni.
Lokho Okwembulwa Yizibalo
Kuye kwabhalwa okuningi eminyakeni yamuva nje ngokwanda kwentsha ezibulalayo—futhi kubhalwa kufanele, ngoba iyiphi inhlekelele embi njengokufa okungadingekile kosemusha, ogcwele ubungqabavu nokuthenjelwe kuye? Nokho, alishaywa mkhuba ezindabeni iqiniso lokuthi izinga lokuzibulala kwamanye amazwe liyanda njengoba abantu bekhula. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinga lokuzibulala ezweni elithile liphakeme noma liphansi, njengoba ibhokisi elingezansi libonisa. Ukuhlola lezo zibalo kwembula nokwanda kwalo mqedazwe ongabonakali embulungeni yonke.
Ngo-1996, i-U.S. Centers for Disease Control yabika ukuthi inani lamaMelika azibulalayo aneminyaka engu-65 nangaphezulu lalenyuke ngamaphesenti angu-36 kusukela ngo-1980. Okunye kwalokhu kwanda kwakungenxa yesibalo esiphakeme samaMelika asekhulile—kodwa leso kwakungesona ukuphela kwesizathu. Ngo-1996 izinga eliqondile lokuzibulala kwalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-65 nalo lenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-9, ngokokuqala ngqá eminyakeni engu-40. Ezingozini ezibulalayo, isifo sokuwa nezingozi zezimoto kuphela ezabulala abantu abaningi asebekhulile eMelika. Eqinisweni, ngisho nalezi zibalo ezishaqisayo kungenzeka ziphansi kakhulu. I-Handbook for the Study of Suicide iyaphawula: “Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuzibulala akubalwa kakhulu ezibalweni ezisekelwe emaphepheni ezimbangela zokufa.” Le ncwadi inezela ukuthi abanye bacabanga ukuthi izibalo zangempela ziphindwe kabili kunezibalo ezibikwayo.
Iyini imiphumela? Elase-United States, njengamanye amazwe amaningi, libhekene nomqedazwe ofihlekile wembulunga yonke wokuzibulala kwabantu asebekhulile. UDkt. Herbert Hendin, onguchwepheshe kule ndaba, uyaphawula: “Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinga lokuzibulala e-United States liyaqhubeka lenyuka ngendlela ephawulekayo njengoba abantu bekhula, ukuzibulala kwabantu asebekhulile akunakwa emphakathini.” Ngani? Uveza ukuthi ingxenye yenkinga iwukuthi njengoba izinga lokuzibulala kwabantu asebekhulile belilokhu liphakeme, “alizange libangele ukushaqeka okubangelwa ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwentsha ezibulalayo.”
Ukuphumelela Okusabisayo
Nakuba zishaqisa, lezi zibalo zimane nje ziyizibalo. Azisivezi isizungu umuntu aba naso ekuphileni ngaphandle komngane womshado amthandayo, ukukhungatheka ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ukuzimela, ukuphelelwa yithemba okubangelwa yisifo esiphikelelayo, ukudikibala ngenxa yokucindezeleka okungamahlalakhona nokuphela amandla ngenxa yesifo esibulalayo. Iqiniso elibuhlungu liwukuthi nakuba intsha ingase izame ukuzibulala ngenxa yokuphatheka kabi ngezinkinga zesikhashana, ngokuvamile abantu abadala babhekene nezinkinga ezibonakala zingapheli futhi zingaxazululeki. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokuvamile basuke sebezimisele ukuzibulala ukudlula intsha futhi bakwenza ngokuphumelela okusabisayo.
Encwadini yakhe ethi Suicide in America, uDkt. Hendin uyaphawula: “Akukhona nje ukuthi ukuzibulala kwande kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, kodwa sona kanye isenzo sokuzibulala siveza umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwasebekhulile nentsha. Izinga lokuzama ukuzibulala nokuzibulala ngokoqobo lenyuka ngokuphawulekayo ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile. Emphakathini uwonke, isilinganiso sokuzama ukuzibulala nokuzibulala ngokoqobo silinganiselwa kubantu abayishumi koyedwa; phakathi kwentsha (eneminyaka engu-15-24), silinganiselwa kubantu abayikhulu koyedwa; kanti kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-55, silinganiselwa kumuntu oyedwa koyedwa.”
Lezi izibalo ezithusayo! Yeka indlela okucindezela ngayo ukuguga, uphelelwe amandla bese ubhekana nobuhlungu nokugula! Yingakho abaningi kangaka bezibulala. Nokho, kunesizathu esinamandla sokwazisa ukuphila—ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Cabanga ngokwenzeka kuMary, okukhulunywe ngaye esethulweni.
[Umbhalo waphansi]
a Amagama ashintshiwe.
[Ishadi ekhasini 3]
Amazinga Okuzibulala Kubantu Abangu-100 000, Ngokweminyaka Nangokobulili
Abesilisa/Abesifazane Abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-24
8.0/2.5 Argentina
4.0/0.8 Greece
19.2/3.8 Hungary
10.1/4.4 Japan
7.6/2.0 Mexico
53.7/9.8 Russia
23.4/3.7 United States
Abesilisa/Abesifazane Abaneminyaka engu-75 Nangaphezulu
55.4/8.3 Argentina
17.4/1.6 Greece
168.9/60.0 Hungary
51.8/37.0 Japan
18.8/1.0 Mexico
93.9/34.8 Russia
50.7/5.6 United States