Ukukhathazwa Uvalo
“Ukushaywa uvalo kuvame ukubhekwa njengento yokuhlekwa usulu. Kodwa ‘akuhlekisi’ neze.”—Jerilyn Ross, umqondisi wesikhungo eselapha ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yokukhathazeka
IGAMA elithi “uvalo [phobia]” libhekisela ekubeni nexhala ngokuthile, isenzakalo, noma umuzwa othile. Kodwa incazelo iyodwa ayinakukuveza ukwesaba nesizungu esibangelwa yilesi simo. URaeann Dumont, oseneminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili elapha abantu abanovalo, uyaphawula: “Abantu abanovalo bangase bagweme izimo eziningi kangangokuba bagcine sebesaba ukuphuma endlini, noma bangase bahlale benexhala njalo, noma bangase badambise ukukhathazeka kwabo ngotshwala, obungase bubangele ezinye izinkinga.”
Ukushaywa uvalo kubalwa phakathi kokuphazamiseka okubangelwa ukukhathazeka.a Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abadala base-United States abangamaphesenti angu-12 bayobhekana nokushaywa uvalo esikhathini esithile ekuphileni kwabo. Abaningi kubo bayohlupheka buthule iminyaka eminingi. “Ngeshwa,” kubika i-Anxiety Disorders Association of America, “cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zabantu abanovalo azilutholi usizo. Abantu abaningi abanovalo bayanqikaza ukufuna usizo ngenxa yamahloni. Abanye abaqondi ukuthi baphethwe yini noma ukuthi bangalutholaphi usizo, kanti abanye besaba ngisho nokwelashwa ngokwako.”
Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokwesaba ezaziwayo, kodwa ngokuvamile ochwepheshe bazihlukanisa ngezigaba ezintathu. Ukwesaba okuvamile kugxile entweni noma esimweni esithile, njengokwesaba izinambuzane, izilwane, ukuhamba ngendiza nokuba sendaweni eminyene. I-agoraphobia ngokuvamile ihambisana nokushaywa uvalo. Isisulu sesaba ukushaywa uvalo kangangokuthi sigwema zonke izindawo nezimo ezasenza sashaywa uvalo ngaphambili. Ukwesaba ukuba phakathi kwabantu kubonakala ngokwesaba ukuhlazeka phakathi kwabantu, njengalapho ukhuluma phambi kwezilaleli.
Ake ucabangele okukodwa nje kwalokhu okuthathu—ukwesaba ukuba phakathi kwabantu. I-Washingtonian ithi: “Ngisho noma uhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zokwesaba ezivamile, ezinjengokwesaba izinyoka noma ukuhamba ngendiza, azisondeli ngisho nakancane osizini olubangelwa ukwesaba ukuba phakathi kwabantu.” Ingabe lokhu kuyiqiniso ngempela? Uma kunjalo, kungani? Ake sibone.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Okunye ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa ukukhathazeka kuhlanganisa imicabango nezenzo ezingalawuleki, ukucindezeleka kwangemva kwesenzakalo esibuhlungu, nokukhathazeka okuvamile. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka isihloko se-Phaphama! ka-February 8, 1996, esithi “Izenzo Eziphoqelelayo—Ingabe Zilawula Ukuphila Kwakho?” nesika-June 8, 1996, esithi “Ukubhekana Nokushaywa Uvalo.”