Amathuluzi Okuhlukumeza Ngendlela Enyantisayo

INGABE amagama athi “ukubopha ngeketango,” “ukuhlukumeza,” nelithi “ukubulala” akwenza ungenwe amanzi emadolweni? Ezinkulungwaneni eziningi eziyizisulu zokuQulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki nawabantu okuthiwa bangabathakathi eYurophu (phakathi kwekhulu le-13 nele-19), ayewubuhlungu bangempela. Amathuluzi aboniswe lapha, okungawasemnyuziyamu eRüdesheim eseRhine, eJalimane, awangaleso sikhathi. Asibonisa indlela izisulu ezazihlupheka ngayo.

Isisulu sasibhekana nosizi olungachazeki lapho sihleli nqunu sihlonywa imibuzo esihlalweni sokuQuliswa Amacala, esasimbozwe ameva acijile. Izingalo, imilenze noma amalungu esisulu kwakuhlukaniswa ngezikulufu. Izidladla zekati zazisetshenziselwa ukudweshula inyama yaso ibe izicucu; akukho ngxenye yomzimba eyayishiywa. Ibhande elinameva lalifakwa entanyeni, emahlombe nasemihlathini yesisulu libangele izilonda, ezazisheshe zingcolise igazi bese siyafa isisulu.

Abaqulisi bamacala ababegunyazwe iSonto LamaRoma Katolika babesebenzisa lezi zinto nezinye ezifanayo ukuze bahluphe izihlubuki—ngokuvamile okwakungabantu abavamile ababelahlwe ngamacala futhi abase bephoqelelwa ukuba ‘bavume’ ngokuba bahlukunyezwe. Yebo, phakathi nokuQulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki ayehilela amaWaldens okwakwenziwa upapa, lawa mathuluzi ayechelwa ngisho nangamanzi athandazelwe.

ELobukholwa lithwele umthwalo onzima wecala ngale nhlangano yokuQulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki. Isazi-mlando uWalter Nigg siyachaza: “Azikho izibusiso ezizoqhubeka zitholwa eLobukholwa kuze kube yilapho ekugcineni livuma—obala futhi liphenduke—ezonweni elizenzile ngokuQulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki, lilahla ngobuqotho nangokungenamibandela lonke uhlobo lonya ngokuqondene nenkolo.”

[Isithombe ekhasini 31]

Isihlalo sokuQuliswa Amacala

Izikulufu

Izidladla zekati

Ibhande elinameva

[Umthombo]

All pictures: Mittelalterliches Foltermuseum Rüdesheim/Rhein