Uma Kukhulunywa Ngesayensi—Ulalela Kanjani?

IZIFO ezintsha kanye nezindala eziqubuka kabusha ziyinselele kuyisayensi. Belangazelela ikhambi, abantu bayalalela lapho isayensi isho okuthile. Ukusaba ukufa kwenza abaningi babe magange ngokuzama umuthi omusha, futhi ngokuvamile, akucatshangwa lutho ngemiphumela ehlala njalo.

Ezimweni eziningi isayensi iye yasiza abagulayo ukuba bajabulele ukuphila okungcono. Okuvelele izinqubo zokuhlinza ezingakusebenzisi ukumpontshelwa igazi, okuyingozi. Isayensi nezobuchwepheshe kuye kwanikeza isintu amandla okwenza izinto ezimangalisayo. Izinto ezake zaba insumansumane engokwesayensi sezenzeka nsuku zonke. Nokho, akuyona yonke isayensi engenabugovu, eshukunyiswa izidingo zesintu eziphuthumayo.

Ubani Oveza Umbono?

Imisebenzi eminingi emkhakheni wesayensi ishukunyiswa yinzuzo yemali futhi isekelwa amaqembu anamandla, njengoba kuphawulwe ngaphambili. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba ufinyelele eziphethweni noma uthatheke ngenxa yento ethile entsha etholwe ososayensi, zibuze, ‘Ubani ngempela oveza umbono?’ Zifundise ukuyifunda ivaliwe. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi imithombo yezindaba isizakala ngokushukumisa imizwelo. Eminye yenza konke okusemandleni ukuba ithengise amaphephandaba ayo. Ngisho namaphephabhuku ahlonishwayo ngezinye izikhathi ayakuvumela ukushukunyiswa kwemizwelo.

Ngokuvamile isayensi nemithombo yezindaba kunobuhlobo bobungane obuyaye bube nenzondo. Imithombo yezindaba ingagqamisa isayensi, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, “ososayensi ngokuvamile bazama ukulawula imibiko yezindaba ngokwenqaba ukuba nezingxoxo ngaphandle uma bengahlaziya futhi balungise okulotshiwe ngaphambi kokuba kunyatheliswe. Izintatheli, zesaba ukubekelwa imingcele yamalungelo, zivamé ukunqikaza ukuvumela ososayensi ukuba bafunde izihloko zazo, nakuba ngokuvamile bevumelana nazo ngokunemba kwemininingwane.” Wabhala kanjalo uDorothy Nelkin, encwadini yakhe ethi Selling Science.

Ube esenikeza izibonelo zokufakazela iphuzu lakhe: “Imibiko yezindaba ngentuthuko entsha engokwesayensi ivame ukuvusa ithemba labantu abakhungathekile. . . . Iziguli ziya kodokotela bazo ziphethe ikhophi yamuva [kamagazini othandwayo] zifune ukwelashwa kwamuva.” Kukhona nesibonelo esicashunwa uDorothy Nelkin, sentatheli eyabuza usihlalo we-International Task Force on World Health and Manpower ukuthi “ucabanga ukuthi izinyanga zingakwazi yini ukwelapha ngokuphumelelayo e-Afrika.” Ephendula wathi “mhlawumbe zingakwazi ngenxa yokuthi zethenjwa kakhulu emphakathini.” Kodwa isihloko sephephandaba esikhulu sathini ngakusasa? Sasifundeka kanje: “Uchwepheshe We-U.N. Ucela Izinyanga Ezengeziwe”!

UNelkin uthi okudabukisayo ukuthi kubonakala sengathi ukuthambekela kwanamuhla kuwukuthi abantu abengeziwe bathembela emaphephandabeni nakomagazini ukuze bathole izindaba zamuva ngesayensi. Futhi kwabaningi, abangazimisele ukufunda noma mhlawumbe abangakwazi ukufunda, ithelevishini iba umthombo oyinhloko wokwaziswa.

Ukulondoloza Umbono Olinganiselayo Ngesayensi

Naphezu kwezinto ezinhle zesayensi ezizuzisa isintu, kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi ososayensi bangabantu nje. Nabo babhekana nokulingwa nenkohlakalo. Izisusa zabo aziqotho ngaso sonke isikhathi. Yiqiniso, isayensi inendima yayo efanele emphakathini, kodwa ayisona isiqondiso esingenaphutha emphakathini odukuza ebumnyameni.

Iphephabhuku i-Speculations in Science and Technology liyaphawula: “Umlando wesayensi ubonisa ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abaholi besayensi babonakala . . . behlonipheke kangakanani, basawenza amaphutha.” Eqinisweni, abanye badlulela ngalé kwalokho.

Ngenxa yezizathu ezinikezwe kulezi zihloko, bekungeke kube ukuhlakanipha ngamaKristu ukuhileleka ezimpikiswaneni zesayensi noma ukuthuthukisa izinkolelo-mbono zesayensi ezingenabufakazi. Ngokwesibonelo, abanye bangase bakhathazeke ngokweqile ngamandla kazibuthe anogesi. Khona-ke, benezisusa ezinhle, bangase baqale ukukhuthaza abanye ukuba balahle ama-microwave oven, izingubo zikagesi zokulala nezinye izinto ezinjalo. Yiqiniso, wonke umuntu unenkululeko yokuzikhethela, ngaphandle kokugxekwa abanye. Kodwa labo abakhetha okuhlukile kufanele baphathwe ngendlela efanayo. Ngakho, kuwukuhlakanipha ukugwema ukuthatheka ngokomzwelo. Ukuthi imibiko eminingi engavamile iyiqiniso yini noma cha kusazobonakala. Uma ekugcineni eminye yale mibiko ibonakala ingenasisekelo noma iyiphutha, khona-ke labo abayikhuthazayo ababonakali beyiziwula kuphela kodwa kungenzeka nokuthi balimaze abanye bengahlosile.

Isidingo Sokuqapha

UmKristu kufanele ayibheke kanjani imibiko yesayensi ekhuthazwa imithombo yezindaba? Okokuqala, hlola ukuthambekela kwayo. Iyini injongo yaleso sihloko noma umbiko wezindaba? Okwesibili, funda sonke isihloko. Isihloko esikhulu esishukumisa umzwelo singase singavumelani nemininingwane yesihloko ngokwaso. Okwesithathu, nokubaluleke kakhulu, hlola umlando womsebenzi walabo ababikayo. Ingabe bakhuluma iqiniso? Ingabe kukhona abakufihlayo?—Roma 3:4.

Kungashiwo ukuthi uma ososayensi besoleka kwabanye abantu, yibona ababangele leso simo. Idumela labanye ososayensi njengabafuni beqiniso kuphela liye lonakaliswa. Isayensi iye yavula amathuba athakazelisayo olwazi ngomhlaba wethu nendawo yonke. Nokho, ezinye izibikezelo zezwe elisha elingcono ezisekelwe kuyisayensi zibangela ukwesaba nokukhathazeka kunokuba zilethe ithemba.

Abanye ochwepheshe bakhipha izixwayiso ezesabekayo ngezinhlekelele ezingase zivele esikhathini esizayo. Umzuzi womklomelo we-Nobel Peace Prize, isazi se-physics saseBrithani uJoseph Rotblat wazwakalisa ukukhathazeka kwakhe ngale ndlela: “Okungikhathazayo ukuthi enye intuthuko engokwesayensi ingase ibangele ezinye izindlela zokubhubhisa abantu abaningi, mhlawumbe ezitholakala kalula ngisho kunanezikhali zenuzi. Ubuchwepheshe bokushintsha izakhi zofuzo bungase bube njalo, ngenxa yezinto ezintsha ezisabekayo ezenzeka kulowo mkhakha.” UProfesa Ben Selinger weNational University yase-Australia wakhuluma ngezinkinga azibonayo: “Ngokubona kwami, inhlekelele elandelayo ingase yenzeke emkhakheni wesayensi yokushintsha izakhi zofuzo, kodwa angazi ukuthi iyoba yini, noma iyokwenzeka kanjani, noma nini.”

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iBhayibheli, iZwi likaNkulunkulu, ‘liyisibani sendlela yethu’ esiqinisekile nesithembekile esiholela esikhathini esizayo esilondekile sokuthula, impilo enhle nomhlaba onobunye, emhlabeni ohlanziwe ngaphansi kokubusa koMbuso kaNkulunkulu.—IHubo 119:105; IsAmbulo 11:18; 21:1-4.

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 11]

“Ukuvelela Okukhulu Kwale Nsumansumane”

Eminyakeni yamuva nje abanye ososayensi baye bakungabaza kakhulu ukusebenza kwenkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela kwemvelo eyachazwa uCharles Darwin. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezazi zamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo.

Encwadini yakhe ethi Evolution: A Theory in Crisis, uMichael Denton, umcwaningi wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, wabhala: “Ukuthuthuka kwenkolelo-mbono kaDarwin ibe umbono owamukelwa ngaphandle kokungatshazwa kuye kwenza izinkinga ezingokoqobo nezingqinamba uDarwin abhekana nazo kwethi Origin zingabe zisabonakala nhlobo. Izinkinga ezinkulu njengokungabi bikho kwezici ezixhumanisayo noma ubunzima bokubona izinto eziphilayo ngokushesha akuxoxwa lutho ngazo futhi ngisho nokudalwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi akungatshazwa ukuthi kwabangelwa ukuzikhethela kwemvelo.”

Uyaqhubeka: “Ukuvelela okukhulu kwale nsumansumane kuye kwabangela ukukhohliswa okusakazeke kabanzi kokuthi inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela kwemvelo yahlaziywa cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule . . . Lawo amanga aluhlaza cwé.”—Ikhasi 77.

“Uma bekungaboniswa ukuthi kwakukhona isitho esithile esiyinkimbinkimbi, ngokunokwenzeka esingavelanga ngoshintsho oluningi, oluncane nolulandelanayo, ngokuqinisekile inkolelo-mbono yami ibingashabalala.”—Origin of Species, Charles Darwin, ikhasi 154.

“Njengoba landa inani lezimiso zokuphila ezingachazeki, ezinobunkimbinkimbi obungaqaqeki,a ukuqiniseka kwethu ngokuthi uDarwin wehluleka ngokuphelele kufinyelela ezingeni elivunyelwa yisayensi.” (Darwin’s Black Box—The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution, Michael J. Behe, amakhasi 39-40) Ngamanye amazwi, okutholwe muva nje emkhakheni wesayensi yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo kubangela ukungabaza okukhulu ngenkolelo-mbono kaDarwin.

“Imiphumela yemizamo eminingi yokuhlola ingqamuzana—ukuhlola umsuka wokuphila emangqamuzaneni—iyisimemezelo esicacile nesisobala sokuthi ‘liwumklamo!’ Umphumela ucacile futhi uphawuleka kakhulu kangangokuba kumelwe ubhekwe njengenye yezinto ezifinyelelwe ezinkulu kakhulu emlandweni wesayensi. Lokhu kudlula izinto ezatholwa uNewton no-Einstein, uLavoisier noSchrödinger, uPasteur noDarwin. Ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuphila kuwumphumela womklamo ohlakaniphile kubaluleke njengokuphawula ukuthi umhlaba uzungeza ilanga.”—Darwin’s Black Box, amakhasi 232-3.

[Imibhalo waphansi]

[Izithombe ekhasini 10]

Ngokuhlakanipha amaKristu agwema impikiswano ngokuphathelene nabantu abaphila kwamanye amaplanethi noma imiphumela ecatshangelwayo yamandla kazibuthe kagesi

[Imithombo]

NASA photo/JPL

NASA photo/JPL