“Nansi Indlela Esiwasha Ngayo Izingubo Zethu . . .”

EMAZWENI amaningi lawomazwi ajwayeleke ezizukulwaneni zezingane eziye zacula futhi zawudansela ngentshiseko lomlolozelo odumile wasezinkulisa. Kodwa uma umqondo wokuwasha izingubo ungakwenzi ujabule, cabanga: Ngemva kokugeza umzimba, ingabe akuqabuli yini ukwesula ngethawula elintofontofo, elisanda kuwashwa? Imuphi umuntu ongazizwa ecocekile futhi ekhululeke ngokwengeziwe uma egqoke izingubo ezihlanzekile? Ingani, ngisho nezingane ziyakujabulela ukugqoka izingubo ezihlanzekile nezinephunga elimnandi—ngisho noma kungokwesikhashana!

Ukuwasha izingubo zethu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu nasenhlala-kahleni yethu kunokuba siqaphela ngokuvamile. Nokho. indlela esiwasha ngayo izingubo zethu ingase ixhomeke endaweni esihlala kuyo emhlabeni.

Ukuwasha Izingubo Ngaphandle Kwemishini Yokuwasha

Emazweni amaningi acebile, igama elithi “ukuwasha” liye lahlangana negama elithi “umshini.” Nokho, emazweni ampofu, ukuwasha kusenziwa ngesandla, futhi kuba nemiphumela emihle ngokumangalisayo! Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngalezozingubo ezimhlophe okunzima ukuziwasha. Emazweni anesimo sezulu esishisayo, nesomile abesifazane basebenzisa ilanga.

Inqubo ilula. Isitsha sigcwaliswa ngamanzi nesilinganiso esanele sensipho noma umuthi wokuwasha. Izingubo ezimhlophe ziyacwiliswa, futhi izandla zowesifazane okhuthele zixubhuza amanzi ngamandla, zikhama amanzi anensipho engutsheni. Uma imithi yokwenza mhlophe ethengiswayo ingatholakali, abanye basebenzisa eminye imithi yokwenza mhlophe eyayidunyiswa kusukela endulo, njengovinika wekhukhunathi. Ngemva kokuhlambulula okusheshayo, izingubo ezimanzi zinekwa ezihlahleni ezifanele noma ocingweni futhi ilanga lizenze zibe mhlophe qwa. Manje, zibuyiselwa esitsheni ukuze zihlanjululisiswe futhi zomiswe okwesibili elangeni elishisayo. Umphumela? Izingubo ezimhlophe ezikhazimula kahle ngokuhlanzeka okujabulisayo.

Inkosikazi ehlala eduze nomfula ingase izame indlela ethe ukwehluka. Okokuqala ikhetha indawo enhle, njengalapho usebe lwehlela kancane emanzini. Nokho, uma umfula ugeleza ngamandla, unakekela ukuba akhethe isizitshana esijulile lapho kunengozi encane ngezingubo zakhe ukuba zikhukhulwe umsinga. Ingabe kunedwala elikhulu eduze? Kuhle. Manje inkosikazi isebenzisa ipulangwe ukuze ishaye izingubo phezu kwedwala. Ukungcola kuphuma ngokoqobo engutsheni.

Imishini Yokuwasha—Eyasendulo Neyamanje

Emazweni acebile imishini yokuwasha iye yaqeda ukuwasha izingubo ngesandla. Kodwa imishini yokuwasha ihlehlela emuva ngesikhathi kunokuba ungase uqaphele. Phakathi neNkathi Ephakathi eYurophu, ubhavu wokugezela wawuyindlela ethandwayo yokuwasha izingubo, kwaze kwaba yilapho kancane kancane esikhundleni sawo kungena ubhayela wesitimu. Kamuva, ekhulwini le-19 leminyaka, kwavela umshini wokuwasha ofana nowosuku lwanamuhla. Ngo-1930 ilondolo yamaNgisi yayisebenzisa isondo elikhulu eliphendukayo elaliphenduphendula izingubo emanzini ashisayo anensipho. Lendlela eyisisekelo iye yahlala ingashintshile kuze kube namuhla.

Nokho. imishini yokuwasha ayisheshanga ukuthuthuka. Abasebenzisi bayo bathola ukuthi insimbi yokuphendula ephendulwa ngesandla inzima kokubili ezingutsheni nakumuntu oyiphendulayo. Ngakho-ke ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka, ipulangwe lokuwasha elinamazinga, ubhavu, nomshini wokukhama oqondiswa ngesandla kwakuyizinto czazikhethwa ngamakhosikazi amaningi.

Nokho. umshini wokuwasha izingubo wabuye wavuka ngo-1910 ngokuvela komshini wokuqala osebenza ngamandla kagesi. Eminyakeni eyishumi nambili kamuva, kwaba khona umshini wokuqala oxubhuzayo. Kusukela lapho, kuye kwenziwa ukuthuthukisa lokulungisa okungenakubalwa emishinini yokuwasha. Ezinye izinkampane ziye zaqala ngisho nokuthengisa imishini eqondiswa icomputer leyo okuthi ngokuthinta inkinobho “ithole ukuthi izingubo zakho zingcole kangakanani bese ikhetha umuthi wokuziwasha ofanelekile nendlela yokuwasha.”—Popular Science, July 1990.

Amacebiso Okusebenzisa Imishini Yokuwasha Ezishintshayo

Umshini wokuwasha ozishintshayo ovamile uvamile emakhaya amaningi aseNtshonalanga. Nokho ukuthi “Ozishintshayo” akusho ukuthi ungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokucabanga ngokunakekela. Ngokwesibonelo, emishinini efakwa izingubo ngaphezulu, izingubo ezisinda nganxanye zingabangela ukuba umshini uhambe phansi phakathi nemijikelezo yokuwasha, ubangele umonakalo endlini yakho yokuwasha izingubo. Intuthu eyingozi ingadaleka uma usebenzisa umuthi owenza mhlophe neichlorine neammonia. Ngakho-ke landela izindlela ezilondekile eziyisisekelo. Khipha intambo kagesi lapho ixhunywa khona ngaphambi kokuba uzame ukuwulungisa. Futhi ungavumeli izingane zakho ukuba zisebenzise noma zidlale ngomshini wakho.

Kodwa ungaqiniseka kanjani ngokuthola imiphumela eyanelisayo lapho uwasha izingubo? Nakhu ukusikisela okuyisisekelo okumbalwa:

◻ Thulula wonke amakhukhu, uwaphendukezele.

◻ Qaqa imikhono efingqiwe, futhi uthintithe ukungcola.

◻ Bopha izintambo namabhande ukuze kungaxabani.

◻ Vala oziphu, oqhafa, namahhuku ukuze kungadabuli ezinye izimpahla.

◻ Susa amabala nezisihla ngaphambi kokuba uwashe izingubo ngomshini.

◻ Ungafaki izingubo eziningi ngokweqile. Lokhu kungaphumela ekubeni zingawasheki kahle, kwandise ukushwabana. kubangele ukudleka kwezingubo, futhi kugugise izingubo zakho.

Kuyavunywa, abaningi kusamelwe bawashe izingubo zabo ngendlela yakudala—ngesandla. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umshini wakho wokuwasha izingubo ubhavu kathayela, umfula ogelezayo, noma isimangaliso somshini oqondiswa yicomputer, imiphumela ingenza ukuzikhandla kwakho kube okuwufanele umzamo—izingubo zakho nezomkhaya wakho ezihlanzekile nezikhazimulayo, kanye nokwanelisa komsebenzi owenziwe kahle.

[Izithombe ekhasini 26]

Ukuwasha emfuleni

Ukwenza izingubo zibe mhlophe elangeni