Amakhulu Eminyaka Oqhekeko
IGAMA elithi uqhekeko liye lachazwa ngokuthi “inqubo indikimba yenkolo ehlukana ngayo ibe izindikimba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlukile, ezizimele.”
330 C.E. “Uqhekeko phakathi kweLobukholwa lamaGreki nelamaLatin. . . . Ukusungulwa kweConstantinople, ‘iRome entsha’ (330), ithathela ‘iRome endala’ indawo njengenhloko-dolobha yenkosi, kwatshala imbewu yombango wesonto wesikhathi esizayo phakathi kweMpumalanga yamaGreki neNtshonalanga yamaLatin.”—The Encyclopedia of Religion.
330-867 C.E. “Kusukela ekuqaleni kweMbizo yaseConstantinople kuya oqhekekweni olukhulu ngo-867 uhlu lwalokhu kwephulwa kwesikhashana kobunye lungolwethusayo. . . . Kuleminyaka engu-544 (323-867) iConstantinople yachitha engengaphansi kuka-203 isesimweni sokuqhekeka [neRome ngezingxabano ezingokwezimfundiso eziphathelene noZiqu-zintathu nokukhulekelwa kwezithombe].”—The Catholic Encyclopedia.
867 C.E. “Imbizo yaseConstantinople yalondoloza ukuma kwayo ngokumelene neRome phakathi nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi uQhekeko lukaPhotius. Lapho uPapa Nicholas I ekubekela inselele ukwenyuselwa kukaPhotius esikhundleni sokuba inzalamizi, . . . inzalamizi yaseByzantium yenqaba ukukhothama. . . . UNicholas . . . wamxosha uPhotius esontweni; umkhandlu waseConstantinople wasabela (867) ngokuxosha uNicholas esontweni. Izimpikiswano ezalandela phakathi kwezimbizo ezimbili zaziyizindaba zokuphakama kwesonto, imicikilisho yokukhulekela, nokusolwa kwabefundisi.”—The New Encyclopædia Britannica.
1054 C.E. “UQHEKEKO LWEMPUMALANGA NENTSHONALANGA, isehlakalo esabangela ukwahlukana kokugcina phakathi kwamasonto obuKristu [obuOrthodox] baseMpumalanga . . . neSonto [lamaRoma Katolika] laseNtshonalanga.”—The New Encyclopædia Britannica.
1378-1417 C.E. “UQHEKEKO [OLUKHULU] LWASENTSHONALANGA—Inkathi . . . eLobukholwa laseNtshonalanga elahlukana ngayo laba imibuso yopapa emibili, futhi kamuva emithathu [nopapa ababangisanayo baseRome, eAvignon (eFrance), nasePisa (eItaly)].”—New Catholic Encyclopedia.
Ikhulu le-16 leminyaka C.E. “Ngokuphathelene neNguquko YamaProthestani, . . . iSonto lamaKatolika ngokuvamile lisebenzisa igama elithi ukuhlubuka kunelithi uqhekeko.”—Théo—Nouvelle encyclopédie catholique.
1870 C.E. “UMkhandlu Wokuqala WaseVatican, owasekela ‘ukungabi naphutha’ kukapapa, wabangela uqhekeko ‘lwamaKatolika Amadala.’”—La Croix (Iphephandaba laseParis, lamaKatolika).
1988: Uqhekeko loMbhishobhi Omkhulu uLefebvre, “owaqalisa uqhekeko eSontweni lamaKatolika ngokwedelela kwakhe uPapa nomoya woMkhandlu wesibili waseVatican . . . obheka amaProthestani njengahlubukayo, obheka ukuhlanganiswa kwamasonto njengomsebenzi kadeveli, nozimisele ukufa exoshiwe esontweni kunokuba abuyiselwe eSontweni ‘lesimanje.’”—Catholic Herald.