Mogya A Nkwammoaa Mu Dɛmdi Ma Ɛso Tew Ɛho Nimdeɛ Yɛ Ahobammɔ a Ɛsen Biara

EFI NYAN! KYERƐWFO A ƆWƆ NIGERIA HƆ

NÁ NNIPA 32 na wɔwɔ agyinatu dan no mu, a wɔn mu dodow no ara yɛ mmea ne mmofra. Ná Tope a wadi mfe asia na onni ahoɔden no, hyɛ atade kɔkɔɔ te ɔsɛsɛgua bi so dinn wɔ ne maame nkyɛn. Otiee ɔyarehwɛfo no bere a ɔkaa nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ bere a ɛyaw no ba kyerɛɛ wɔn no.

Ná Tope nim sɛnea ɛyaw te—ɛyaw a ano yɛ den na ɛba mpofirim a edi nna dodow bi ansa na abrɛ ase no. Gyama ɛyaw no na ɛma ɔyɛ n’ade sɛ ɔpanyin no.

Ne maame kae sɛ: “M’abakan ne no. Wakɔ so ayare fi bere a wɔwoo no. Mekɔɔ asɔre ahorow pii ma wɔbɔɔ ne so mpae. Nanso yare no annyae. Awiei koraa no, mede no kɔɔ ayaresabea. Wɔhwɛɛ ne mogya hui sɛ ɔwɔ ‘mogya nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi.’”

Ɛyɛ Dɛn?

Tope maame hui wɔ Mogya a Nkwammoaa Mu Dɛmdi Ma Ɛso Tew Dwumadibea a ɛwɔ Benin City, Nigeria, hɔ sɛ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no yɛ mogya mu haw. Nea ɛne gyidihunu ahorow bɔ abira no, ɛne abayisɛm anaa awufo ahonhom nni hwee yɛ. Mmofra nya nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no fi wɔn awofo baanu nyinaa hɔ. Wɔmfa nsan. Ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a onipa foforo betumi de ɔhaw no asan wo. Wɔamfa anwo wo a, wunnya bi. Tope maame hui nso sɛ ɛmfa ho sɛ wontumi ntu ase no, wotumi ko tia ɔhaw a ɛde ba no.a

Mogya a nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi ma ɛso tew taa yɛ wɔn a wɔn ase fi Afrika. Oduruyɛfo I. U. Omoike, a ɔyɛ Mogya a Nkwammoaa mu Dɛmdi ma Ɛso Tew Dwumadibea no kwankyerɛfo, ka kyerɛɛ Nyan! nanmusini no sɛ: “Abibifo dɔɔso wɔ Nigeria sen ɔman foforo biara, ma enti nnipa a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no dɔɔso wɔ hɔ sen ɔman biara. Ɛno ma ɔman yi yɛ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so ti wɔ wiase.” Sɛnea Lagos Daily Times no kyerɛ no, Nigeriafo bɛyɛ ɔpepem biako na wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so, na ekunkum nnipa 60,000 afe biara.

Mogya mu Haw

Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛate ɔhaw no ase no, ehia sɛ yehu nea mogya yɛ ne sɛnea ekyinkyin nipadua no mu. Mfatoho bi boa. Fa no sɛ ɔman bi a emufo a wɔtete nkuraase no ano aduan a wonya no gyina aduan a wɔkra fi amannɔne so. Lɔre ahorow kɔ ahenkurow no mu kɔfa aduan. Wɔfa akwantempɔn so fi kuropɔn no mu, nanso sɛ wɔrehyɛn nkuraase hɔ a, akwan no yɛ hihiaa.

Sɛ biribiara kɔ yiye a, lɔre ahorow no kodu baabi a ɛrekɔ no, koyi aduan no gu hɔ, na afei ɛsan kɔ kuropɔn no mu kɔfa aduan pii ba bio. Nanso sɛ lɔre ahorow no pii sɛesɛe a, aduan no sɛe, na lɔre afoforo nnya kwan nkɔ. Ɛno ma aduan ho yɛ den ma nnipa a wɔwɔ nkuraase no.

Saa ara nso na mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no twa kwan kɔ ahurututu no mu kɔfa mframa pa—nipadua no aduan. Afei efi ahurututu no mu kɔfa mogya ntini akɛse mu ntɛmntɛm kɔ nipadua no afã nyinaa. Edu baabi a, “akwan” no yɛ nteanteaa ma nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no tumi fa mogya ntini nketenkete no mu mmiako mmiako pɛ. Ɛhɔ na wɔde mframa pa a wɔkɔfa a ɛma nipadua nkwammoaa no aduan no kogu.

Nkwaboaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛntɔɔ kyima no yɛ kurukuruwa te sɛ dwetɛ sika, na ɛfa mogya ntini a esusua koraa no mu a ɛmmrɛ ho. Nanso wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no fam no, mogya mu nkwammoaa no sɛe. Ne su kurukuruwa no sesa ma ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ kwadu anaa kantankrakyi—akuafo adwinnade bi. Saa mogya mu nkwammoaa ahorow a adi dɛm yi kɔkyere so wɔ nipadua mu ntini nketenkete no mu te sɛ nea lɔre tim atɛkyɛ mu no, na esiw kwan ma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ foforo ntumi nkɔ. Sɛ mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua mu no fã bi no so tew a, ɛmma ennya mframa pa wɔ hɔ, na ɛde tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛyɛ yaw ba.

Nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi ho yare no taa de nnompe ne apɔw so yaw a emu yɛ den ba. Obi ntumi nkyerɛ bere a ɛbɛso obi mu denneennen; ebetumi aba sɛ ɛrentaa mma anaa ɛbɛba ntoatoaso te sɛ ɔsram biara. Sɛ ɛba a, ɛhaw abofra no ne ɔwofo no nyinaa. Ihunde yɛ ɔyarehwɛfo a ɔyɛ adwuma wɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi ho dwumadibea hɔ. Ɔka sɛ: “Sɛ́ wobɛhwɛ abofra a ɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi no nna fam. Minim, efisɛ me babea wɔ ɔhaw no bi. Ɛyaw no ba mpofirim. Ɔteɛteɛm su, na me nso misu. Gye sɛ nnanu anaa nnansa, anaasɛ ebia dapɛn biako atwam ansa na ɛyaw no akɔ fam.”

Ɛho Nsɛnkyerɛnne

Ɛho nsɛnkyerɛnne no taa ba bere a abofra no adi asram asia no. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan no biako ne sɛ ne nsa anaa ne nan, anaasɛ n’abien no nyinaa honhon ma ɛyɛ no yaw. Ebia abofra no besu mpɛn pii, na ɔrennidi pii. N’aniwa nkesua fitaa no betumi ayɛ te sɛ akokɔsrade. Ne tɛkrɛma, n’ano, ne ne nsam betumi ayɛ fitaa asen sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde mmofra a saa nsɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi da adi wɔ wɔn ho no kɔ ayaresabea, ma wɔyɛ wɔn mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ ɔhaw no yɛ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so.

Sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa a adi dɛm no kyere so wɔ mogya ntini no mu a, ɛyaw no taa ba apɔw so. Sɛ yare no so obi mu denneennen a, ebetumi aka n’amemene, ahurututu, koma, asaabo, ne ɔkatwo no dwumadi nso—ma ɛtɔ mmere bi a asiane afi mu aba. Anan pɔw so akuru a etu obi no betumi atra hɔ mfe pii. Ade betumi atɔ mmofra so anaa wɔn fã adwudwo. Wɔn a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi no na yare betumi asan wɔn ntɛm efisɛ ɔhaw no mma nipadua no ntumi nko ntia nyarewa yiye. Nsanyare taa kunkum nnipa.

Nokwarem no, ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi no na ohu saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi nyinaa bi. Na wɔn mu binom nhyia ɔhaw biara kosi sɛ wobedu mpanyin afe so.

Ɛho Ayaresa

Awofo pii asɛe bere ne sika bebree de ahwehwɛ ayaresa a na wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ɛbɛma wɔn mma ho atɔ wɔn. Nanso wonni nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so ano aduru biara seesei; ɛyɛ ɔhaw a ɛtra hɔ obi nkwa nna nyinaa. Nanso, nneɛma nketenkete bi wɔ hɔ a wobetumi ayɛ na yare no anso obi mu denneennen, na akwan a wɔbɛfa so adi ho dwuma bere a aba no nso wɔ hɔ.

Sɛ ɔyare no so abofra bi mu denneennen a, ɛsɛ sɛ awofo no ma no nsu pii nom. Wobetumi nso ama no aduru bi a wɔde dwudwo ɛyaw a ano nyɛ den pii ano. Ebia ɛyaw a ano yɛ den behia nnuru a ano yɛ den a wogye fi oduruyɛfo nkutoo nkyɛn. Nanso nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow ne sɛ, ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuru a ano yɛ den mpo ntumi mfa ahotɔ ahe biara mma. Nanso ɛho nhia sɛ wo koma tu. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔ tebea nyinaa mu no, nnɔnhwerew anaa nnafua kakraa bi akyi no, ɛyaw no brɛ ase, na ɔyarefo no ho tɔ no.

Nyansahufo rehwehwɛ nnuru a wɔde bedi ɔhaw no ho dwuma. Sɛ́ nhwɛso no, wɔ 1995 mfiase no, Ɔman Koma, Ahurututu, ne Mogya Ho Asoɛe a ɛwɔ United States no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ aduru a wɔfrɛ no hydroxyurea no maa mpɛn dodow a wɔn a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi no yare a ɛba ntoatoaso no so tew beduu fã. Wosusuw sɛ ɔkwan a ɛfa so yɛ saa ne sɛ ɛmma mogya nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no nsesa ne su mma wɔnkyere so wɔ mogya ntini ahorow no mu.

Ɛnyɛ baabiara na wubenya nnuru a ɛte saa no bi, na ɛnyɛ tebea nyinaa mu nso na ɛboa. Na ɛmfa ho sɛ nnipa pii nim asiane a ɛwom no, nnuruyɛfo a wɔwɔ Afrika ne mmeae foforo taa ma ayarefo a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi no mogya de sa wɔn yare wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.

Nea Ɛbɛyɛ na Ɔyare no Mu Anyɛ Den

Alumona, awosu ho ɔfotufo a ɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi ho dwumadibea hɔ no ka sɛ: “Yɛka kyerɛ ayarefo no sɛ wɔnnom nsu pii na ɔyare no mu anyɛ den. Nsu ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ mogya bekyinkyin nipadua mu ntini no mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ mpanyimfo a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no nom nsu lita abiɛsa kosi anan da biara. Nokwarem no, nsu a mmofra bɛnom no rennu saa. Yɛkyerɛ mmofra a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no sɛ wɔmfa nsutoa nkɔ sukuu. Ɛsɛ sɛ akyerɛkyerɛfo te ase sɛ ebia saa mmofra yi bɛtaa asrɛ kwan akogyaw wɔn anan. Ɛsɛ sɛ awofo hu sɛ saa mmofra yi bɛtaa adwensɔ kɛtɛ so asen wɔn a wonni ɔhaw no bi no.”

Esiane sɛ sɛ obi nni apɔwmuden a, ebetumi de ɔyare a emu yɛ den a ɛyɛ hu aba nti, ɛho hia sɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no yere wɔn ho nya akwahosan pa. Ɔkwan a wobetumi afa so ayɛ saa ne sɛ wɔbɛkɔ so ama wɔn ho atew, akwati sɛ wɔbɛyɛ adwumaden akyɛ, na wɔadi aduanpa ma akari pɛ. Nnuruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ nso sɛ wɔnnom mogya nnuru ne folic acid nka wɔn aduan ho.

Wɔ mmeae a atiridiinini wɔ kɛse no, ɛbɛyɛ nea nyansa wom sɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no bɔ wɔn ho ban denam keka a wɔmma ntontom nkeka wɔn, ne nom a wɔbɛnom nnuru de abɔ wɔn ho ban wɔ ɔyare no ho so. Esiane sɛ atiridiinini kunkum mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ nti, ebetumi ayɛ asiane kɛse ama obi a ɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so.

Afei nso ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no taa kɔyɛ ayaresa mu nhwehwɛmu. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ aduru ntɛm wɔ nyarewa anaa akuru ho. Ɛdenam akwankyerɛ a ɛtete saa a nnipa a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no de bɛyɛ adwuma pɛpɛɛpɛ so no, wɔn mu bebree betumi atra ase sɛ nnipa afoforo ma wɔn ani agye.

Sɛnea Wɔde Wo Mmofra

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛate sɛnea awofo de ɔyare no wo wɔn mma no ase no, ɛho hia sɛ yehu biribi fa mogya mu awosu nkyekyem no ho. Ɛsono mogya mu awosu nkyekyem na ɛsono mogya akuw; mogya mu awosu kuw fi awosu mu. Nnipa dodow no ara wɔ mogya mu awosu kuw a wɔfrɛ no AA. Wɔn a wonya A awosu biako fi ɔwofo biako hɔ, na wonya S awosu biako fi ɔwofo a waka no hɔ no wɔ AS mogya mu awosu kuw no mu. Wɔn a wɔwɔ AS mogya no nni nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so, nanso wobetumi de ɔhaw no awo wɔn mma. Nnipa a wonya S awosu fi ɔwofo biako hɔ, na wonya S awosu foforo fi ɔwofo a waka no hɔ no wɔ SS mogya mu awosu kuw, awosu kuw a ɛde nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so ba no mu.

Enti, sɛ abofra bi benya SS-mogya mu awosu a, ɛsɛ sɛ onya awosu a adi dɛm S no biako fi awofo baanu no mu biara hɔ. Sɛnea nnipa baanu na ɛwo ba no, saa ara na nnipa baanu na wɔde nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so no wo obi. Mpɛn pii no, wɔde ɔhaw no wo obi bere a n’awofo baanu no nyinaa wɔ AS-mogya mu awosu no. Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ AS-mogya mu awosu ware obi foforo a ɔwɔ AS-mogya mu awosu a, hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ abofra biara a wɔbɛwo no benya SS-mogya mu awosu no yɛ 4 biara mu 1.

Eyi nkyerɛ sɛ sɛ wɔwo mmofra baanan a, wɔn mu biako benya nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so, na baasa a aka no rennya bi. Bere a ebetumi aba sɛ baanan no mu biako bɛyɛ SS no, ebetumi nso aba sɛ wɔn mu baanu, baasa, anaa baanan no nyinaa mpo bɛyɛ SS. Ebetumi nso aba sɛ mmofra no mu biara renyɛ SS.

Gyinae Ahorow a Wogyina Nimdeɛ so Si Ansa na Wɔaware

Nyansa wom sɛ wɔn a wɔn ase fi Afrika no hwehwɛ mogya mu awosu kuw ko a wɔwom bere tenten ansa na wɔasusuw aware ho. Wobetumi ayɛ eyi denam mogya mu nhwehwɛmu so. Nnipa a wɔwɔ AA mogya mu awosu no betumi ama wɔn koma atɔ wɔn yam sɛ wɔn ba biara rennya nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so, ɛmfa ho onipa ko a wɔware no no. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ AS mogya no te ase sɛ, sɛ wɔware obi a ɔno nso wɔ AS mogya a, ɛnyɛ den koraa sɛ wɔbɛwo abofra a ɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew mogya so.

Bere a nnuruyɛfo pii kasa tia AS a ɔbɛware AS no denneennen no, afotufo a wɔwɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi ho dwumadibea hɔ no ma nkurɔfo si wɔn ankasa gyinae. Oduruyɛfo Omoike ka sɛ: “Ɛnyɛ yɛn adwuma ne sɛ yebehunahuna nkurɔfo anaasɛ yɛbɛkyerɛ wɔn nnipa ko a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔware wɔn anaa ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔware wɔn. Obiara ntumi nkyerɛ pefee sɛ awofo a wokura AS no bɛwo mmofra a wɔwɔ SS mogya, efisɛ ɛyɛ ade a ebetumi aba anaa entumi mma. Sɛ wɔwo abofra a ɔyɛ SS mpo a, ebia saa abofra no betumi agyina ɔhaw no ano a onhyia nsɛnnennen pii. Nanso yɛpɛ sɛ nkurɔfo hu mogya mu awosu kuw ko a wɔwom. Na yɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ yebedi kan aboa nkurɔfo ma wɔahu nea ebetumi aba sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a sɛ wɔwo mma a wɔyɛ SS a, ɛrenyɛ wɔn nwonwa. Saa kwan no so no, ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛbɛma wɔatumi agyina nokwasɛm ahorow ho nimdeɛ so asisi gyinae nko, na mmom sɛnea ɛbɛma wɔasiesie wɔn adwene agye nea ebefi saa gyinaesi ahorow no mu aba no atom nso.”

[Ase hɔ asɛm]

[Kratafa 30 mfonini]

Hia a Ɔdɔ Ho Hia

Joy, a seesei ɔwɔ ne mfe 20 mfiase, no wɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛtew ne mogya so. Esiane sɛ ɔyɛ Yehowa Adansefo no mu biako nti, onnyee mogya da. Ne maame, Ola, ka sɛ: “Bere nyinaa mehwɛ hu sɛ Joy anya aduanpa, na aboa no ma ne mogya akɔ soro. Migye di sɛ ɔhwɛ a ɔdɔ wom a awofo de ma no boa kɛse. Te sɛ me mma nyinaa no, ne nkwa som bo ma me yiye. Nokwarem no, mmofra nyinaa hia ɔdɔ, nanso hwɛ dodow a wɔn a ɔyare bi rehaw wɔn no hia!”

[Kratafa 29 mfonini]

Tope wɔ nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi a ɛte sɛ nea wɔde akyerɛkyerɛ-kwan akyerɛkyerɛ so no

[Kratafa 29 mfonini]

Nkwammoaa mu dɛmdi: Mfonini a ɛto so #1164 no fi American Society of Hematology Slide Bank. Wɔama yɛn ho kwan sɛ yɛmfa nni dwuma