Kubata Murwere Somunhu
MAZUVA maviri Sally asati aenda nemurume wake kunoona chiremba wetsinga, mutungamiriri wenyika mutsva akasarudzwa muSouth Africa. Apo chiremba wetsinga akabvunza Alfie kuti sarudzo dzakabuda sei, akaramba akati tuzu achitadza kupindura. Ipapo, pashure pokuvheneka uropi, chiremba wetsinga akadaidzira asina kana nehanya nazvo zvake achiti: “Murume uyu haatombogoni kana na2+2 chaiye. Uropi hwake hwaparara!” Ipapo akarayira Sally kuti: “Unofanira kuronga mari yako. Murume uyu achakumukira akakurwisa.”
“Hazvimbofa zvakaiitika!” akadaro Sally, “murume wangu haambodaro!” Kuramba kwaSally kwakazova chokwadi; Alfie haana kumbobvira amurwisa, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vane hosha yeAlzheimer (AD) vachiita hasha. (Izvi zvinowanzoitika nemhaka yekunzwa vaora mwoyo, izvo zvinogona dzimwe nguva kuderedzwa nemabatirwe anoitwa munhu ane AD.) Kunyange zvazvo chiremba akabudirira kuziva chinetso chaAlfie, sezvinooneka akanga asingazivi kuti zvinokosha kubata murwere somunhu. Dai akaziva, angadai akatsanangurira Sally hosha yaAlfie nemutsa pachivande.
“Chinhu chakajeka zvikurusa chinodiwa nevane hosha dzekurasika pfungwa kuramba vane chiremera chavo, ruremekedzo uye kuzviremekedza,” rinodaro bhuku rinonzi When I Grow Too Old to Dream. Nzira inokosha yekubata murwere somunhu inotsanangurwa mugwaro rinopa mazano rinonzi Communication, rakabudiswa neAlzheimer’s Disease Society of London kuti: “Usataure nezve[varwere vane AD] pane vanhu sekunge kuti havapo. Kunyange vangasanzwisisa, neimwe nzira vanganzwa kuti havasi kubatanidzwa uye vanganzwa vanyadziswa.”
Chokwadi ndechokuti vamwe varwere vane AD vanonzwisisa zvinotaurwa nevamwe pamusoro pavo. Somuenzaniso, murwere wekuAustralia akaenda nemudzimai wake kumusangano wevanhu vane Alzheimer. Gare gare akataura kuti: “Vairayiridza vapepi zvokuita uye maitirwe azvo. Ndakanzwa shungu kuti ndaivapo uye hapana kana munhu aitaura nezvemurwere. . . . Zvinoshungurudza kwazvo. Nemhaka yokuti ndine Alzheimer, zvandinotaura hazvinei nezviri kutaurwa: hapana anoteerera.”
Funga Zvinhu Zvinovaka
Pane nzira dzakawanda dzakanaka dzinobatsira kubata murwere somunhu. Vangada kubatsirwa kupfuurira nemabasa ezuva nezuva avaimboona ari nyore kuita. Somuenzaniso, kana vainyora tsamba zvikuru munguva yakapfuura, zvichida unogona kugara pasi ndokuvabatsira kupindura tsamba dzinobva kushamwari dzinoitira hanya. Mubhuku rake rinonzi Alzheimer’s—Caring for Your Loved One, Caring for Yourself, Sharon Fish anopa dzimwe nzira dzinoshanda dzokubatsira nadzo varwere vane AD achiti: “Tsvaga zvinhu zviri nyore zvinoshanda uye zvinobatsira zvokuita pamwe chete: kusuka nekupukuta ndiro, kutsvaira, kupeta mbatya, kubika.” Ipapo anotsanangura kuti: “Munhu ane Alzheimer angasakwanisa kuchenesa imba yose kana kuti kubika zvokudya zvose, asi kutadza kuita zvinhu izvi kunowanzoitika zvishoma nezvishoma. Unogona kusimbirira pazvinhu zvaachiri kugona ndokumubatsira kuchengetedza mano iwayo kwenguva refu inobvira. Paunoita kudaro, unobatsirawo kuti mudikanwi wako arambe achizvikoshesa.”
Mamwe mabasa anoitwa nevarwere vane AD haanyatsoitwi nomazvo, naizvozvo dzimwe nguva unofanira kutsvairazve kana kuti kusukazve ndiro dzacho. Zvisinei, kurega murwere achiramba achinzwa kuti anobatsirawo, kunomubatsira kugutsikana noupenyu. Murumbidze kunyange basa racho risina kuitwa nomazvo. Yeuka, aita napose paanogona napo maererano nokusakwanisa kwaava nako. Varwere vane AD vanoda kuramba vachisimbiswa nokurumbidzwa—kunyanya pavanoramba vachitadza kuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana. “Panguva ipi neipi—zvisingambofungidzirwi,” anodaro Kathy uyo ane murume ane AD ave nemakore 84, “vanogona kukurirwa nekunzwa vasingabetseri. Mupepi anofanira kukurumidza kunyevenutsa murwere kupfurikidza nokumuudza noushamwari kuti “ari kuita zvakanaka.’” Bhuku rinonzi Failure-Free Activities for the Alzheimer’s Patient rinobvuma kuti: “Tose zvedu tinoda kunzwa kuti tiri kuita basa rakanaka, uye kuvanhu vakarasika pfungwa, kuda kunzwa izvi kwakakura zvikuru.”
Zvokuita Panoitika Zvinhu Zvinonyadzisa
Vapepi vanofanira kudzidza zvokuita panoitika zvinhu zvinonyadzisa kumudikanwi wavo. Chimwe chinhu chinonyanyotyiwa zvikuru ndechokuti murwere achazviitira pane vanhu. “Zviito izvi,” anotsanangura kudaro Dr. Gerry Bennett mubhuku rake rinonzi Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Confusional States, “hazviwanzoitika uye zvinogona kudzivirirwa kana kuti kuderedzwa. Panofanirawo kuzivikanwa zvinhu zvinokosha nezvisingakoshi, sezvo chisiri chiitiko chacho kana vanhu varipo vanofanira kuitirwa hanya asi kurasikirwa nechiremera kwemunhu wacho.”
Kana zvinhu zvakadaro zvinonyadzisa zvikaitika, usatuka murwere. Panzvimbo pezvo, edza kutevera zano iri: “Ramba wakadzikama sekunge kuti hapana chamboitika uye yeuka kuti munhu wacho haasi kuda kukutsamwisa noune. Kupfuurezvo, vachada kubatira pamwe kana wakapfava uye wakatsiga kupfuura kana wakagumbuka uye usingaiti mwoyo murefu. Ita zvose zvaunogona kuti chinetso chacho chirege kuvhiringidza kuwirirana kwenyu.”—Gwaro rinopa mazano rinonzi Incontinence, rakabva kuAlzheimer’s Disease Society of London.
Vanoda Kururamiswa Chaizvoizvo Here?
Varwere vane AD vanowanzotaura zvinhu zvisirizvo. Somuenzaniso, vangataura kuti vari kukarira kushanyirwa nehama yakafa kare kare. Kana kuti vangaona zvinhu zvisipo, zvinongova hazvo mundangariro dzavo bedzi. Zvinokosha nguva dzose kururamisa murwere ane AD paanotaura zvinhu zvisirizvo here?
“Pane vabereki,” anotsanangura kudaro Robert T. Woods mubhuku rake rinonzi Alzheimer’s Disease—Coping With a Living Death, “vasingagoni kurega kururamisa vana vavo pose pavanodudza shoko zvisirizvo kana kuti pavanotyora mutauro. . . . Kazhinji zvinoguma nokutsamwisa mwana wacho kana kuti anonyarara achiona kuti kuedza kutaura zvaari kufunga kunovharidzirwa, kwete kurumbidzwa. Zvimwe chete zvinogona kuitika kumurwere ane AD anogara achingoruramiswa.” Nenzira inofadza, Bhaibheri rinorayira pamusoro pekubatwa kwevana kuti: “Madzibaba, regai kunetsa vana venyu, kuti varege kuora mwoyo.” (VaKorose 3:21) Kana vana vachinetswa nekugara vachingoruramiswa, zvakadini nomunhu mukuru! “Yeuka kuti murwere wacho munhu mukuru anoziva kuzvimiririra uye kuita zvinhu,” inonyevera kudaro ARDA Newsletter yeSouth Africa. Kugara uchiruramisa munhu ane AD hakusi kumunetsa chete asi kunokonzerawo kuora mwoyo kunyange kuita hasha.
Chidzidzo chinogonawo kudzidzwa kuna Jesu Kristu chichabatsira vanobata nezvisingagonekwi nevarwere vane AD. Haana kukurumidza kururamisa chikanganiso chose chevadzidzi vake. Chokwadi, dzimwe nguva aisavapa mamwe mashoko nokuti vakanga vasati vava kukwanisa kuanzwisisa. (Johane 16:12, 13) Kana Jesu akanzwisisa zvaisagonekwa nevanhu vasingarwari, isu tinofanira kuda zvakadini kuchinja kuti tiwirirane nemaonere emunhu mukuru anoita zvisiri zvenguva dzose, asi asingakuvadzi anorwara zvakakomba! Kuedza kuita kuti murwere aone chokwadi cheimwe nhau kungava kukarira—kana kuti kumanikidza—zvinhu zvaasingakwanisi. Panzvimbo pokuita nharo, wadii kunyarara kana kuchinja nhau yacho nouchenjeri?—VaFiripi 4:5.
Pane dzimwe nguva, chinhu cherudo chokuita kuita seuri kuwirirana nezvinhu zvisipo zviri kuonekwa nemurwere panzvimbo pokuedza kumupwisa kuti hazvipo. Somuenzaniso, murwere ane AD anganetseka ne“kuona” mhuka yesango kana kuti munhu seri kweketeni. Iyi haisi nguva yekuedza kutaura zvine musoro. Yeuka kuti zvaano“ona” mundangariro dzake zvinhu zvechokwadi kwaari, uye kutya kwaari kunzwa kwechokwadi kunofanira kudzikamiswa. Ungafanira kutarisa seri kweketeni womutaurira kuti, “Kana ukamu‘ona’ zvakare, ndapota ndiudze kuitira kuti ndibatsire.” Kupfurikidza nokuita zvinowirirana nemaonere emurwere, vanotsanangura kudaro vanaChiremba Oliver naBock mubhuku ravo rinonzi Coping With Alzheimer’s: A Caregiver’s Emotional Survival Guide, unomuita kuti anzwe “achikurira zvidzimudzangara, nezvinotyisa zvaanofungidzira. . . . Anoziva kuti anogona kuvimba newe.”
“Tinogumburwa Tose Pazvinhu Zvizhinji”
Kuita zvose zvadudzwa pano kungaoma, kunyanya kuavo vane basa rakawanda rokuita uye mimwe mitoro yemhuri yokutarisira. Mupepi avhiringidzika angasazvidzora panhambo nenhambo ndokutadza kubata murwere ane AD somunhu. Apo izvi zvinoitika, zvinokosha kusazvibvumira kunyanyoremedzwa nekuzvipa mhaka. Yeuka kuti, nemhaka yerudzi rwehosha yacho, murwere wacho zvichida achakurumidza kukanganwa chiitiko chacho.
Uyewo, munyori weBhaibheri Jakobho anoti: “Tinogumburwa tose pazvinhu zvizhinji. Kana munhu asingagumburwi pakutaura, iye munhu wakakwana.” (Jakobho 3:2) Sezvo pasina mupepi akakwana, zvikanganiso zvinogona kukarirwa mubasa rakaoma rokutarisira murwere ane AD. Munyaya inotevera, tichakurukura zvimwe zvinhu zvakabatsira vapepi kurarama—uye kunyange kunakidzwa—nekutarisira murwere ane AD.
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Varwere vanoita zvakanaka kana vachiramba vachiudzwa kuti vakachengeteka uye vachirumbidzwa
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‘Murwere wacho angakwanisa kunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa. Naizvozvo musakurukura hosha yake kana kuti kutaura zvakashata muri parutivi pomubhedha wake’
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Unofanira Kuudza Murwere Here?
VAPEPI vakawanda vanonetseka kuti vanofanira kuudza vadikanwi vavo here kuti vane hosha yeAlzheimer (AD). Kana ukafunga kutaura, unofanira kuzviita sei uye rini? Rimwe pepanhau duku reSouth African Alzheimer’s and Related Disorders Association raiva netsinhiro idzi dzinofadza dzaibva kumumwe muravi:
“Murume wangu ave ane Alzheimer kwemakore anenge manomwe. Zvino ava nemakore 81, uye ndinoonga kuti kusakwanisa kwake kuita zvinhu kwanga kuchiitika zvishoma nezvishoma zvikuru . . . Kwenguva refu zvaiita sekunge kuti hwaizova utsinye kwandiri kumuudza kuti ane Alzheimer saka taingowirirana nemashoko ake okuzvi‘vharidzira’ okuti: ‘Munokarirei kune munhu ane makore 80!’”
Muravi wacho ipapo akapfuurira kutaura nezvebhuku rairayira kuti murwere audzwe nemutsa uye nemutoo wakapfava nezvechirwere chaanacho. Asi akambomira achitya kuti kutevedzera zano iri kwaizokuvadza murume wake.
“Zvino rimwe zuva,” akapfuurira kudaro, “murume wangu akataura kuti aitya kuzviita benzi pakati peboka reshamwari. Ndakawana pokuzvitaurira! Naizvozvo (ndichidikitira nokutya) ndakapfugama pedyo naye ndokumuudza kuti aiva neAlzheimer. Chokwadika, haana kunzwisisa kuti chaiva chii ichocho, asi ndakatsanangura kuti yaiva hosha yaiita kuti zvinhu [zvaai]wanzowana zviri nyore kuita zvimuomere, uye yaimuitawo kuti akanganwe zvinhu. Ndakamuratidza mitsetse miviri bedzi mubhurocha renyu rinonzi Alzheimer’s: We Can’t Ignore It Anymore: ‘Alzheimer ihosha yeuropi inoparira hanganwa nekuderera kwakakomba kwekushanda kwepfungwa . . . Ihosha uye kwete KUNGOCHEMBERAWO ZVAKO.’ Ndakamuitawo kuti ave nechokwadi kuti shamwari dzake dzaiziva kuti aiva nehosha yacho uye nokudaro dzainzwisisa. Akafunga nezvazvo kwechinguvana, uye ipapo akataura kuti: ‘Kuvhenekerwa kwakadini! Chokwadi zvinobatsira!’ Fungidzirai kuti ndakanzwa sei kuona kuti kuziva izvi kwakamunyevenutsa zvikurusa!
“Naizvozvo, zvino, pose paanoratidza kunetseka pamusoro pechimwe chinhu, ndinogona kumumbundira ndokuti ‘Yeuka, hausiwe. Alzheimer ndiyo iri kukuomesera zvinhu,’ uye anobva adzikama.”
Chokwadika, munhu oga oga ane AD akasiyana nomumwe. Uyewo, kuwirirana kunoita vapepi nevarwere kunosiyana. Naizvozvo kana uchizofunga kuudza mudikanwi wako kuti ane AD kana kuti kurega inhau yokuzvisarudzira.
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Chirwere cheAlzheimer Zvechokwadi Here?
KANA munhu akakwegura akatanga kuvhiringidzika pfungwa zvakakomba, usakurumidze kugumisa kuti imhaka yehosha yeAlzheimer (AD). Zvinhu zvakawanda zvakadai sokufirwa, kungoerekana matamira kumba itsva, kana kuti imwe hosha, zvinogona kuita kuti munhu akwegura avhiringidzike. Nguva zhinji kuvhiringidzika pfungwa kwakakomba kwevakweguru kunorapika.
Kunyange kuvarwere vane AD, utano hwemunhu hukaerekana hwaderera, zvakadai sokutanga kuzviitira, hazvirevi kuti zvaparirwa nekurasika pfungwa kweAD. AD inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. “Utano hunongoerekana hwaderera,” rinotsanangura kudaro bhuku rinonzi Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Confusional States, “kunowanzoreva kuti ane hosha yakakomba (yakadai sehosha yemuchipfuva kana yeweti). Boka duku revarwere ve[AD] chokwadi rine utano hunokurumidza kuderera . . . Kuvazhinjisa, zvisinei, kuderera kwacho kunoti nonokei, kunyanya kana munhu wacho achichengetwa zvakanaka uye dzimwe hosha dzipi kana dzipi dzikarapwa nokukurumidza uye nokubudirira.” Kuzviitira kwemurwere ane AD kungaparirwa nechimwe chirwere chinorapika. “Danho rokutanga nguva dzose nderokuona [chiremba],” rinotsanangura kudaro gwaro reIncontinence, rakabudiswa neAlzheimer’s Disease Society of London.
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Kubatsira varwere ve“Alzheimer” mabasa ezuva nezuva kunobatsira kuvabata sevanhu