Jehovha Anodzivirira Vanhu Vake muHungary
HUNGARY, iri pakati peEurope, yakawanzonzwa vhiringidzo dzenhau. Vanhu vayo vakatambura zvakawanda, pasinei zvapo nokuva kwavo vakapiwa kuna Maria Mhandara ndokumanikidzirwa kuva maKristu nezita muna 1001 N.V. naStephen, mambo wavo wokutanga.
Mumazana ose amakore Hungary yakaneteswa nerwisano dzomukati dzakawanda idzo dzakabvumira mamwe marudzi kuitonga aitongazve. Zviverengero zvavagari vemisha vose zvakaparadzanywa mukati meidzi rwisano, gare gare zvakatsiviwa nevekumwe. Nokudaro, vanhuwo zvavo vakava muvhenganiswa wamarudzi akawanda. Kutaura mune zvorudzidziso, zvinenge zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvechiverengero chavagari venyika yacho chakaramba chiri cheKaturike, kunyange zvazvo Reformation gare gare yakapararira mudzimwe nharaunda.
Mavambo Maduku
Makanga muri muna 1908 umo mbeu dzezvokwadi yeBhaibheri dzakatanga kudyarwa muHungary. Ikoku kwakaitwa nomumwe mukadzi akanga adzidza zvokwadi kuVadzidzi veBhaibheri, seizvo Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvaizivikanwa panguva iyeyo. Nemhaka yokuparidzira kwake, vakawanda vakafarira mashoko akanaka. Nokukurumidza pashure paikoko varume vaviri vaidzokera kuHungary vachibva kuUnited States vakaparadzira mashoko akanaka nguva yakazara samacolporteur. Zvokwadi yakapararira zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvine chokwadi, uye muchina wokutsikirira wakaiswa paKolozsvár.
Mushumo wokutanga wakavimbika wakawanwa muna 1922, apo Vadzidzi veBhaibheri 67 vakabva kumataundi gumi vakapinda Chirangaridzo chorufu rwaKristu. Basa ravo rokupupurira rakava nomuuyo unokukurumidza, richiguma nechishoro sezvo vafundisi vakapesvedzera hurumende namapepanhau kuti zvidzivise basa rokuparidzira.
Denho Dzinokomba
Muna 1928, muprista weKaturike Zoltán Nyisztor akabudisa kapepa kaiva nomusoro unoti Millennialist Bible Students. Makari iye akataura nezvaVadzidzi veBhaibheri, kuti: “Ivo vakaipa zvikuru kupfuura vaBolshevik avo vanodenha nezvombo, nokuti ivava vanotsausa vasina mhaka kupfurikidza nokuvanda seri kweBhaibheri. Hungarian Royal State Police iri kucherechedza nokudisa mubato wavo.”
Mukati menguva iyoyo imwe hama inoshingaira yainzi Josef Kiss yakashanyira ungano. Mapurisa akaitevera akavanda. Muna 1931 iyo yakanga iri pamusha peimwe hama apo mapurisa akaishamisa ndokuiraira kubva nokukurumidza. Sezvo Hama Kiss akatanga kurongedza zvinhu zvake, mupurisa mumwe akamurova namagaro omutyotya wake ndokutyisidzira, kuti: “Kurumidza, kana kuti uchabaiwa!” Hama Kiss vakanyemwerera ndokuti: “Ipapo ndichakurumidza zvikuru kuenda kumusha,” achinongedzera kutariro yake yokudenga somuKristu akazodzwa.
Varwi vakatevera Hama Kiss kuchitima. Ivo vaikarirwa kusvika paungano muDebrecen pana June 20, 1931, asi havana kutongooneka. Hama dzakagumisa kuti vavengi vavo vakavauraya, kuti ivo zvamazvirokwazvo vaka“enda kumusha” kutuso yavo yokudenga. Kunyange zvazvo basa rake rakamiswa, zviremera hazvina kutongokwanisa kudzima chiedza chezvokwadi.
Unyanzvi hwaiwanzoshandiswa nokuda kwokupa uchapupu. Somuenzaniso, pakati pama 1930, imwe hama yakafa paTiszakarád. Mariro aigona panguva iyeyo kuitiswa bedzi nemvumo yavakuru vakuru. Hama dzakabvumirwa miniti imwe chete yomunyengetero uye miniti imwe yorwiyo. Mitezo yamapurisa, iyo yakauya kumariro nemityotya namabheneti, yaifanira kuita kuti ikoku kuteererwe. Vanhu vazhinji vomutaundi vakauya nemhaka yokuti vaida kuziva pamusoro pokuti mariro acho aizoitiswa sei.
Imwe hama yakamira parutivi pebhokisi ndokunyengetera kwehafu yeawa asi nenzira yakadaro zvokuti vanhu vakati vakanga vasati vatongonzwa chimwe chinhu chipi nechipi chakafanana nacho. “Kunyange kudai vaprista vatanhatu vanga vaitisa mariro acho,” ivo vakadaro, “angadai asina kuva anoorora kudaro.” Imwe hama ine inzwi rakanaka panguva iyeyo yakatanga kutungamirira kuimba, asi mumwe mupurisa akairaira kuramba yakanyarara. Mapurisa gare gare akataura kuti, kunyange zvazvo akanzwa asina kusununguka, aisagona kudzongonyedza munyengetero.
Sezvo denho dzakapfuurira, Lajos Szabó, mumwe muprista weReformed Church, akanyora zvinotevera mubhurocha rake ra 1935 Antichrist by the River Tisza: “Yakanga iri pfungwa youchenjeri kudyisa vanhu muchiBolshevik muchiratidzo chorudzidziso . . . Marx akava nechitarisiko chaKristu . . . Anorwisana naKristu akanga ari pano akapfeka chipfeko chake chitsvuku neZvapupu zvaJehovha.”
Makore Muchirambidzo
Muna 1939 basa reZvapupu zvaJehovha rakarambidzwa chose chose. Rakanzi mubato “unorwisana norudzidziso uye unorwisana nechaunga.” VaAdventist, vaBaptist, vaEvangelical, uye vaPresbyterian vakabudisa mapepa anorwisana neZvapupu. Asi Jehovha haana kusiya vabatiri vake, uye ivo vakatarisirwa neZvapupu zvaiva mudzimwe nyika. Mukuwedzera, vanhu vaMwari muHungary vakava nezvinoitika zvakawanda zvinosimbisa kutenda.
Somuenzaniso, apo imwe hama yakaunza homwe yakazara namagazini edu ichibva Czechoslovakia, anoongorora zvinhu zvinopinda nokubuda munyika akabvunza, kuti: “Chiiko chiri muhomwe yako?” Hama yakapindura nokutendeseka, kuti: “Nhariredzomurindi.” Pana ikoko anoongorora akaita chiratidzo noruoko rwake sokunge kuratidzira kuti hama yacho yaipenga, uye akairega ichipfuurira panzira yayo. Nokudaro, zvokudya zvomudzimu zvakasvika zvakakotsekana muHungary.
Bva, kunetsa hakuna kuguma. Hama dzakawanda zvikuru dzakasungwa ndokuitwa nhapwa kwenhambo dzakasiana-siana dzenguva. Ipapo boka chairo rinoongorora rakapiwa mugove wokuomesera Zvapupu zvaJehovha. Muna 1942, varume, vakadzi, uye vana vakaunganidzwa ndokuiswa muzvitavire nezvikoro zvechiJudha zvisina vanhu. Pashure pemwedzi miviri yokutambudzwa, ivo vakatongwa ndokuwanwa vane mhaka. Vamwe vakatongerwa kugara mutorongo upenyu hwose; vamwe vakagamuchira makore anovambira pa 2 kusvikira ku 15 vari mutorongo. Hama nhatu—Dénes Faluvégi, András Bartha, uye János Konrád—vakatongerwa kurufu kupfurikidza nokuturikwa, asi tongero yacho gare gare yakachinjirwa kukugara mutorongo upenyu hwose. Ipapo, hama 160 dzakaendeswa kumusasa worufu kuBor. Pashure pokuyambuka muganhu, dzakaudzwa kuti hadzisati dzaizotongodzokera dziri mhenyu. PavaJudha 6 000 vakaendeswa kuuyu musasa, 83 bedzi vakaramba vari vapenyu. Kunze kwavana, zvisinei, Zvapupu zvose zvakadzokera.
Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvakava navakafira kutenda vazvo. Nechokumugumo kweHondo yeNyika II, vaNazi vakauraya chiverengero chakati chehama. Bertalan Szabó, János Zsondor, uye Antal Hónis vakapfurwa ndokufa, uye Lajos Deli akaturikwa.—Mateo 24:9.
Chinjo Yakanaka Ndeyechinguvana Bedzi
Pashure pehondo yenyika yechipiri, zvinhu zvakachinja zvakare. Hurumende yomubatanidzwa yakavimbisa maruramiro avanhu. Hama dzaizogara dzichibva kumisasa nokukurumidza dzakavamba kuparidzira nokuronga ungano. Idzo dzakanzwa kuti Jehovha akanga adzipa rusununguko kuti dzigogona kurumbidza zita rake guru, kwete kuti dziedze kuunganidza zvinhu zvokunyama. Pakasvika mugumo wa 1945, kwakanga kune vaparidzi voUmambo vanoshingaira 590. Muna 1947 imba yakatengwa kuti ishandiswe sehofisi yebazu yeWatch Tower Society, uye kokorodzano yorudzi yokutanga yakaitwa, muhoro yemitambo. Vakapinda vaiva 1 200, uye chitima chehurumende yeHungary chakatopa deredzo ye 50 muzana kuavo vaifamba vachienda kukokorodzano yacho.
Rusununguko haruna kugara kwenguva refu, zvisinei. Nokukurumidza, Communist Party yakawana simba, uye hurumende yakachinja. Wedzero yavanhu vaJehovha yakabata ngwariro yehurumende itsva, nokuti zvakanga zvakura kuvambira pavaparidzi 1 253 muna 1947 kusvikira ku 2 307 muna 1950. Mugore iroro vakuru vakuru vakatanga kuisa mhinganidzo munzira yebasa rokuparidzira. Mvumo dzaidikanwa, asi hurumende yakaramba kudzibudisa, uye avo vakakumbira vairohwa neNational Guard. Nyaya dzamapepanhau dzakazvidza nguva dzose Zvapupu sa‘vamiriri vehurumende dzokumwe.’ Nenzira inofadza, chiKomonizimu chisati chatonga, Zvapupu zvakanga zvatumirwa kumisasa yokuchengetedzwa sa‘vatsigiri vechiJudha vechiKomonisiti.’
Rutyo Runotanga
Pana November 13, 1950, mutariri webazu nomushanduri (vaviri vaavo vakambotongerwa kurufu) vakasungwa, pamwe chete nomutariri wedunhu rokutanga. Ivo vakaendeswa kutorongo rapasi pevhu raiva nomukurumbira wakashata pa 60 Andrássy Street muBudapest, kuzo“pfaviswa.” Kutongwa kwavo kwakaitika pana February 2 gore rakatevera racho. Mutariri webazu akatongerwa kumakore gumi okuchengetedzwa, mushanduri kumakore mapfumbamwe, uye mutariri wedunhu kumakore masere. Vose vari vatatu vakabvutirwa zvinhu zvavo. Mukati mokutongwa, vamwe vatariri vana veungano vakapiwa tongero dzetorongo dzinovambira pamakore mashanu kusvikira kumatanhatu papomero dzokuedza kupidigura hurumende.
Hama dzakaiswa mutorongo rokuchengetedzwa zvikuru, umo dzaisagona kugamuchira tsamba, pasuro, kana kuti vashanyi. Mhuri dzadzo hadzina kunzwa mashoko nezvadzo. Mazita adzo aisambogona kududzwa navarindiri. Nokuda kwokuzivikanwa, mumwe nomumwe aipfeka chidimbu chomuti chakarembera pamutsipa wake chine nhamba pachiri. Pakanga pachitova nechiratidzo pamadziro chairava, kuti: “Musangorinda chete vasungwa; vavengei.”
Zvapupu zvakapinda pasi pevhu, asi basa rokuparidzira harina kumira. Zvimwe Zvapupu zvakapfuurira munzvimbo yazvakapinzwa mutorongo. Pashure penguva yakati vatsivi vakasungwawo. Pakasvika gore ra 1953, dzinopfuura 500 dzehama dzakanga dzawanwa dzine mhaka ndokutongerwa kutorongo, asi mashoko akanaka aisagona kusungwa nengetani. Vashomanene bedzi vehama vakadavira zvipikirwa zvinonyengera zvavarindiri ndokubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira.
Kariro Dzakajeka
Mukupera kwa 1956, vanhu vakavamba kumukira hurumende. Mauto eSoviet akadzvinyirira kumukira kwacho, uye Communist Party yakawanazve simba.
Zvapupu zvose zvakapinzwa mutorongo zvakanga zvasunungurwa, asi panguva iyeyo hama shomanene dzaisanozivikanwa dzakadzorerwa kutorongo kuzopfuuridzira tongero dzadzo, kunyange zvazvo vatsva zvikuru vasina kuwanwa vane mhaka. Pakupedzisira, muna 1964, zvinhu zvakavamba kuvandudzika. Zviremera zvakanga zvisati zvichaita chinhu chipi nechipi kudzongonyedza mariro namabiko emichato. Magungano edunhu aiitwa mumatondo. Nepo mamwe aiwawa akadzongonyedzwa, hapana Zvapupu zvokuwedzera zvakaendeswa kutorongo.
Muna 1979 hama dzaitarisira dzakabvumirwa kupinda kokorodzano muVienna. Mukati megore irorowo, zviremera zvakapikira kupa Zvapupu zvaJehovha zikanwo yapamutemo, asi mamwe makore gumi akapfuura ikoku kusati kwaitika zvomenemene. Muna 1986 kokorodzano yoruwa yokutanga yakaitwa, paYouth Park yeKamara Forest, zviremera zvichiziva. Chiratidzo chakatomiswa, chaitaura kuti iyi yakanga iri “Rugare Rwoumwari” Kokorodzano Yoruwa yeZvapupu zvaJehovha. Gore rakatevera racho “Vimba naJehovha” Kokorodzano yakaitwa, uye muna 1988 hama dzakafarikanya “Ruramisiro Youmwari” Kokorodzano.
Kusununguka Pakupedzisira!
June 27, 1989, rakanga riri zuva rinoshamisa, nokuti pakanga pari panguva iyeyo apo hama dzakagamuchira rugwaro runopa zivikanwo yapamutemo kuSangano roRudzidziso reZvapupu zvaJehovha muHungary. Muna July Budapest Sports Hall yakaisvonaka yakapinda 9 477 vakapinda “Kuzvipira Kwoumwari” Kokorodzano Yoruwa. Horo imwe cheteyo yakashandiswa nokuda kwo“Mutauro Wakachena” Kokorodzano Yoruwa muna 1990, uye kokorodzano dzakaitwawo mumamwe maguta matatu makuru muHungary.
Zvino izvo chirambidzo chakanga chabviswa chose chose, kwakanga kwobvira kuronga kokorodzano yamarudzi ose yokutanga. Pasinei zvapo nomugariro wokunze wakashata, yakaitwa kuNépstadion muBudapest, umo 40 601 vakasangana kuzofarikanya ushamwari hworudo rwouhama. Mitezo yoMutumbi Unodzora yakapinda ndokusimbisa kutenda kwehama nehurukuro dzayo, uye mabhuku matsva namabhurocha ane mifananidzo ine mavara ose zvakabudiswa paiyi kokorodzano.
Zviri Kuitika Nhasi
Zvinyorwa zvechiHungary zveNharireyomurindi naMukai! zvino zvinobudiswa panguva imwe cheteyo namabiyazvo echiNgezi uye mumugadzirirwo mumwe chetewo wakaisvonaka. Muna 1992 Yearbook yakavamba kubudiswa muchiHungary. Chiverengero chavaparidzi vamashoko akanaka chakasvetuka kubva pa 6 352 muna 1971 kusvikira ku 13 136 muna January 1993.
Nhasi, Zvapupu zvaJehovha muHungary zvinofarikanya rusununguko rworudzidziso ndokuparidzira zvakasununguka paimba neimba. Mune ungano 205, uye vane 27 844 vakapinda Chirangaridzo pana April 17, 1992. Kutozosvikira Horo dzoUmambo dzakakwana dzowanika, ungano dzinopfuurira kusangana muzvikoro, nzvimbo dzokudzidzira tsika, dzimba dzavarwi dzisina chinhu, uye kunyange muhofisi dzakasiiwa dzeCommunist Party. Kuvambira muna 1992, ungano gumi dzakanga dzatsaurira Horo dzoUmambo dzadzo dzimene, uye dzimwe horo dziri kuvakwa.
Muchinjo dzose nokumukira, hama dzakaramba nenzira yokutendeka dziri parutivi rwaJehovha Mwari noMwanakomana wake, Jesu Kristu, uye dzakaramba dzichiparidzira. Vhiringidzo dzenguva hadzina kudziparadza, nokuti Jehovha akadzivirira vanhu vake muHungary.—Zvirevo 18:10.
[Mepu iri papeji 9]
(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)
Vienna
AUSTRIA
Budapest
Debrecen
HUNGARY
ROMANIA
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 10]
Vanhu vaJehovha vakaungana muBudapest