Ufakazi Hwembiri yaSoromoni
MUKUWIRIRANA nokuverenga nguva kweBhaibheri, Mambo Soromoni akatonga Israeri kuvambira muna 1037 P.N.V. kusvikira kuna 998 P.N.V. Nenzira inofadza, bhuku rinonzi The Archaeology of the Land of Israel, rakanyorwa naPurofesa Yohanan Aharoni, rinozivisa kuti chinjo huru mushambidziko yechiIsraeri yakaitika sei “munenge muna 1000 P.N.V.”
Muenzaniso mumwe unopiwa naAharoni ufakazi hwamasvingo eguta akasimba akavakwa namabwe mahombe “akachekwa kuva mabhuroko marefu akaiswa pamwe chete zvakarurama.” Mukupesana, munyika dziri pedyo neIsraeri, mativi amasvingo eguta “akanga akaitwa nezvidhina nemiti.”
Kupfuurirazve, maguta akavakwazve panenge panguva yaSoromoni anopa ufakazi hwokuronga kwokungwarira, nemitsara yakatsvinda yedzimba nemigwagwa yakarongwa nokungwarira. Aharoni anokamuranisa matongo e“mataundi mana muna Judha akavakwa mukuwirirana nepurani inokosha imwe cheteyo . . . Bheeri-shebha, Tell Beit Mirsim, Bheti-shemeshi uye Mizpa.” Haiwa ikoku kunosiana sei neimwe nzvimbo huru neshambidziko—guta rapakuvamba reMesopotamia reUri! Pamusoro paro, Sir Leonard Woolley akanyora, kuti: “Makanga musina kuedza kuronga guta . . . Migwagwa isina kugadzirwa, yakawanda yayo mikoto isina kwokubuda nako . . . zvaiumba nzira dzakawanda umo mungadai makava muri nyore kurasikirwa nenzira yako.”
Aharoni anotsinhirawo pamusoro pevandudziko mumidziyo yomumba munenge munguva yokutonga kwaSoromoni. “Chinjo muhunhu hwokunyama . . . inocherechedzwa kwete bedzi muzvinhu zvoumbozha asiwo zvikurukuru muzviumbwa . . . Unaku hwezviumbwa nokupiswa kwazvo kwakavandudzika kupfuura kuzivikanwa kwose . . . Kwakaoneka kamwe kamwe muunganidzwa wakapfuma wamarudzi akasiana-siana emidziyo.”
Rutivi rune mbiri zvikurusa mukutonga kwaSoromoni yakanga iri tembere yakaisvonaka, imba yamambo, uye zvivako zvehurumende muJerusarema. Uwandu hukuru hwendarama hwakashandiswa kunyerenyetedza izvi zvivako. (1 Madzimambo 7:47-51; 10:14-22) Makore mashanu pashure porufu rwaSoromoni, Farao Shishaki weEgipita akauya ndokutorera Jerusarema pfuma yaro.—1 Madzimambo 14:25, 26.
Mose muri muviri muEgipita neParestina, manyoro amakacherwa matongo anosimbisa kuti Shishaki zvamazvirokwazvo akakurira Israeri. Kutaura idi, vezvenhau vazhinji vanobvuma kuti kupamba kwaShishaki Jerusarema kwakamutsidzira mugariro wepfuma wakaneta weEgipita ndokugonesa Shishaki kuwana mari yokukudzwa kukuru kwetembere yeEgipita pairi pakanyorwa rukundo rwake, sezvinoonwa paiyi peji. Shishaki akafa nokukurumidza pashure paizvozvo, uye rumwe runyoro runotaura kuti mwanakomana wake akapa anenge matani 200 endarama nesirivha kutembere dzeEgipita. Runyoro rwacho haruzivisi manyuko eiyi pfuma, asi mucheri wamatongo Alan Millard, mubhuku rake Treasures From Bible Times, anokarakadza kuti “yakawanda yayo yakanga iri ndarama iyo Shishaki akatakura muTembere yaSoromoni neimba yamambo muJerusarema.”
Hakushamisi kuti kunyange manyuko asingatendi kuvapo kwaMwari anobvuma huzvomene hwokutonga kune mbiri kwaSoromoni! Bol’shaia Sovetskaia Entsiklopediia (Enisaikoropidhia Huru yeSoviet), pasi pomusoro wayo “Soromoni,” inomudana “mutongi woumambo hwechiIsraeri navaJudha,” ichiwedzera kuti iye akatonga mukati me“nguva yakakwirira zvikurusa youmambo.”