Utachiona Pahuchange Husingachakuvadzi Munhu
UTACHIONA, kana kuti tupukanana tusingaoneki nemaziso, zvinhu zvinokosha kuupenyu. Ndizvo chikamu chakakura kwazvo chevhu nemiviri yedu. Sokutaura kunoita bhokisi rinoti “Mhando Dzoutachiona,” riri papeji 7 kuti, “mabhakitiriya anosvika kumatiririyoni anogara mumiviri yedu.” Akawanda awo anobatsira—kutaura zvazviri, anokosha—kuutano. Kunyange zvazvo mashomanana achikonzera zvirwere, tinogona kuvimba kuti nokufamba kwenguva, hapana utachiona huchazokuvadza munhu.
Tisati taongorora kubviswa kuchaitwa utachiona hwose hunokuvadza, ngatimboonai zviri kuitwa iko zvino kurwisa utachiona hunokonzera zvirwere. Kunze kwokuongorora bhokisi rinotevera rinoti “Zvaunogona Kuita,” chimbofunga zviri kuitwa nenyanzvi dzoutano kurwisa utachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga.
Nzira Dzinoshandiswa Munyika Yose
Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, aichimbova mutungamiriri mukuru weWorld Health Organization (WHO), akarondedzera zviri kuedza kuitwa. MuReport on Infectious Diseases 2000 yaiti, “Kukunda Utachiona Husingaurayiwi Nemishonga,” akaratidza kudiwa kwokutanga ‘nzira inoshandiswa munyika yose inoderedza utachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga.’ Akataurawo nezvokuti pave “nokukurukurirana kunosanganisira vashandi vose voutano,” achisimbisa kuti: “Tine mukana wokutanga basa guru rokurwisa zvirwere zvinotapukira.”
Muna 2001, WHO yakaisa muurongwa “Nzira Inoshandisika Munyika Yose Yokuderedza Utachiona Husingaurayiwi Nemishonga.” Gwaro iri rakaratidza urongwa hwainge hwakagadzirirwa vashandi voutano nevanhuwo zvavo maererano “nezvinofanira kuitwa uye maitirwo azvo.” Nzira yacho yaisanganisira kudzidzisa vanhu kuti vasabatwe nezvirwere, uyewo kuvapa mirayiridzo yokushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nohumwe utachiona pavanorwara.
Uyezve, vashandi voutano—vanachiremba uye vanamukoti nevamwewo vanoshanda muzvipatara nedzimba dzinotarisirwa vakwegura—vakakurudzirwa kutora matanho ari nani anoita kuti zvirwere zvisapararire. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vakawanda vanoshanda mune zvoutano kunyange zvino havagezi maoko avo kana kuchinja magirovhosi pavanotarisira varwere vakasiyana.
Ongororo dzakaratidzawo kuti vanachiremba vanopa mishonga yokurwisa mabhakitiriya pavanenge vasingafaniri kudaro. Chimwe chikonzero chacho ndechokuti vanhu vanomanikidza chiremba wavo kuti avape mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya kuri kuda kukurumidza kupora. Saka vanachiremba vanobvumirana nazvo nechinangwa chokungofadza varwere. Kazhinji vanachiremba havazvipi nguva yokudzidzisa varwere vavo uye havana nzira yokuziva utachiona hunenge hwakonzera chirwere chacho. Uyewo, vangarayira kuti pashandiswe mishonga mitsva asi inodhura kwazvo inoshandiswa kurapa mabhakitiriya akawanda. Izviwo zvinokonzera kuti pave nechinetso choutachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvakanyanya kukurukurwa muWHO Global Strategy zvipatara, urongwa hwezvoutano munyika, vagadziri vezvokudya, makambani anotengesa mishonga yokurapa, uye vaumbi vemitemo. Mushumo wacho unokurudzira kuti vose vashandire pamwe kuitira kurwisa kutyisidzira kuri munyika yose kwoutachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga. Asi urongwa hwakadaro huchashanda here?
Zvipingamupinyi Zvinotadzisa Kubudirira
WHO Global Strategy yakaratidza chipingamupinyi chikuru pakugadzirisa zvinetso zvoutano. Ndechokuda kuwana pundutso—mari. Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti kuida ndiko kunokonzera “marudzi ose ezvinhu zvakaipa.” (1 Timoti 6:9, 10) WHO inokurudzira kuti: “Kukurukurirana neindasitiri inotengesa mishonga yokurapa kunofanira kufungwawo nezvakwo, kusanganisira kudzora kwakakodzera vashandi vanotengesa kusvika kuvashandi vomuchipatara uye kutarisira mapurogiramu okudzidzisa anotsigirwa nemari eindasitiri yacho nokuda kwevashandi voutano.”
Makambani anogadzira mishonga anotengesa zvigadzirwa zvawo kuvanachiremba achikwikwidzana kwazvo. Iye zvino anoita kudaro zvakananga kuvoruzhinji nokushambadzira muTV. Zviri pachena kuti izvi zvakatungamirira kuti mishonga ishandiswe zvokudarika mwero, izvo, zvaguma nokuva honzeri huru yokuwanda kwoutachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga.
Muchikamu chayo chokushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa tupukanana kumhuka dzinotipa kudya, WHO Global Strategy inoti: “Vachengeti vezvipfuwo mudzimwe nyika vanowana mari inosvika 40 muzana kana kudarika nokutengesa mishonga, saka hazvinyanyi kukurudzira kuti mishonga inorwisa utachiona isashandiswe.” Sokunyorwa kwazvakaitwa, utachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga hwakavapo uye hwakawedzera pamusana pokushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kwokudarikidza mwero.
Kugadzirwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kutaura zvazviri, kunoshamisa. MuUnited States moga, makirogiramu anenge mamiriyoni 20 emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya anogadzirwa gore roga roga! Payose inogadzirwa munyika, inenge hafu chete ndiyo inoshandiswa kuvanhu. Yakawanda yacho inoshandiswa kupfapfaidza zvirimwa kana kupiwa mhuka. Mishonga inoshandiswa kurwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzosanganiswa nezvokudya zvemhuka dzinochengeterwa kuzodyiwa kuti dzikurumidze kukura.
Basa Rehurumende
Zvinokosha kuti, Executive Summary of the WHO Global Strategy inotowedzera kuti: “Basa rakawanda pakuti nzira iyi ishandiswe rinosarira panyika imwe neimwe. Hurumende dzine basa rinokosha rokuita.”
Kuti dzibate chokwadi, hurumende dzinoverengeka dzakatanga mapurogiramu okuderedza utachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga, nokusimbisa kubatana kwenyika imwe uye dzakapoteredzana. Mapurogiramu aya anosanganisira kunyatsoziva kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa utachiona uye utachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga, kuwedzera kudzora zvirwere zvinotapukira, kushandisa kwakakodzera mishonga inorwisa utachiona mukurapa uye mukurima, kutsvakurudza kuti pave nenzwisiso yokuti nei tumwe tupukanana tusingaurayiwi nemishonga, uye kugadzira mishonga mitsva. Tarisiro yeWHO’s Report on Infectious Diseases 2000 yakanga isina tariro. Nei?
Mushumo wacho wakataura nezvoku“shayikwa kwechido chehurumende idzo dzingave dzichiisa pakutanga zvinhu zvisinei noutano hwevanhu.” Wakawedzera kuti: “Zvirwere—uye kusarapika kwazvo nemishonga—kunowedzerawo munenge mune hondo yemarudzi, urombo, kutama kwevakawanda uye kuparara kwezvakapoteredza uko vanhu vakawanda vanobatwa nezvirwere zvinotapukira.” Zvinosuwisa kuti zvinetso izvi ndezviya izvo hurumende dzevanhu dzisina kumbobvira dzagona kugadzirisa.
Zvisinei, Bhaibheri rinotiudza nezvehurumende ichagadzirisa kwete chete zvinetso zvinokonzera zvirwere asi kubvisawo zvirwere zvachose. Ungafunga kuti humwe utachiona huchagara huchikuvadza, asi pane zvikonzero zvakanaka zvokudavira kuti remangwana richange rakanaka kwazvo kudarika tarisiro iyoyo.
Pakuchange Kusisina Utachiona Hunokuvadza
Muprofita womuBhaibheri Isaya akataura kare kare nezvehurumende isiri yevanhu uye akazivisa mutongi wayo. Cherechedza uprofita hwacho, sokutaurwa kwahunoitwa muBhaibheri reshanduro yaKing James kuti: “Nokuti takazvarirwa mwana, takapiwa mwanakomana; umambo huchava papfudzi rake: zita rake richanzi: Unoshamisa, Gota, Mwari une simba, Baba vokusingaperi, Muchinda worugare.”—Isaya 9:6, tisu tatsveyamisa mabhii.
Mwana uyu, muchinda, uyo achagamuchira umambo ndiani? Cherechedza kuti akaziviswa sei kunyange asati atoberekwa. Ngirozi Gabrieri yakaudza musikana mhandara Mariya kuti: “Tarira! uchanamba mudumbu mako wobereka mwanakomana, uye unofanira kumutumidza zita rokuti Jesu. Iyeyu achava mukuru . . . , uye hapazovi nomugumo woumambo hwake.”—Ruka 1:31-33.
Jesu paakanga akura, akaratidza uchapupu hwokuti zvechokwadi aiva Mutongi akapikirwa wehurumende yoUmambo hwaMwari. Jesu haana kungofamba nenyika achizivisa “mashoko akanaka oUmambo” asiwo akaratidza simba rake rokubvisa urwere nezvirwere zvose. Bhaibheri rinoshuma kuti “mapoka makuru evanhu akasvika kwaari, ane vanhu vakanga vachikamhina, vakaremara, mapofu, mbeveve, nevamwe vakawanda vakangodarowo, uye vakangovaisa patsoka dzake, akavarapa; zvokuti boka revanhu rakashamiswa sezvavakaona mbeveve dzichitaura nevaikamhina vachifamba nemapofu achiona.”—Mateu 9:35; 15:30, 31.
Chokwadi, chero chirwere kana undonda hupi nohupi zvaitambudza munhu, Jesu akazvirapa. Akatomutsa vanhu vakawanda vakanga vafa! (Ruka 7:11-17; 8:49-56; Johani 11:38-44) Chokwadi, vaya vakaporeswa, uye kunyange vaya vakamutswa, vakazofa. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvishamiso zvakaitwa naJesu zvakaratidza zvaachaitira vanhu vachararama pasi pano mune ramangwana pasi pokutonga kwoUmambo. Bhaibheri rinopikira kuti panguva iyoyo “hakuna ugeremo, uchati: ‘Ndinorwara.’”—Isaya 33:24; Zvakazarurwa 21:3, 4.
Nhasi, sokunyatsoziva kwatinoita tose, munhu wose anorwara uye anofa. Utachiona hunokuvadza mamiriyoni, kazhinji huchitouraya. Asi, muviri womunhu wakagadzirwa zvinoshamisa kwazvo zvokuti vamwe zvinovanetsa kuti nei vanhu vachirwara. Mumwe chiremba anonzi Lewis Thomas akanyora nezvebasa rinokosha remabhakitiriya uye akacherechedza kuti chirwere chinovapo “setsaona.” Akati: “Zvichida kuzvidzivirira kwemiviri yevanorwara kunenge kwakanganisika neimwe nzira.”
Zvechokwadi, vaya vane miviri yakasimba, kashoma kuti vabatwe nezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya kana zvichitomboitika. Kunyange zvakadaro, vanhu vanoguma nokuchembera nokufa. Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti chivi chatakagara nhaka kumubereki wedu wokutanga, Adhamu, ndiko kusakwana kunokonzera urwere norufu. Bhaibheri rinotsanangura kuti, “sokupinda kwakaita chivi munyika nemhaka yomunhu mumwe norufu nemhaka yechivi, uye nokudaro rufu rwakapararira kuvanhu vose nokuti vose vakanga vaita chivi.”—VaRoma 5:12.
Zvisinei, Mwari akatuma Mwanakomana wake panyika kuti ape upenyu hwake sorudzikinuro kusunungura vanhu pachivi. (Mateu 20:28) Bhaibheri rinotsanangura kuti: “Mubayiro unoripa chivi rufu, asi chipo chinopiwa naMwari upenyu husingaperi achishandisa Kristu Jesu Ishe wedu.” (VaRoma 6:23; 1 Johani 5:11) Pasi pokutonga kwoUmambo hwaMwari, migumisiro yokuporesa yechibayiro chaKristu chorudzikinuro ichaoneka. Zvadaro utachiona hwose, kunyange huya hunokonzera zvirwere zvino, huchange husingachakuvadzi ani naani.
Hazvina musoro here kudzidza nezvehurumende yoUmambo yakapikirwa muBhaibheri, iyo ichagadzirisa zvinetso zvevanhu? Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvichafara kukubatsira kuziva zvakawanda.
[Bhokisi riri papeji 19]
Zvaunogona Kuita
Chii chaunogona kuita kuti uderedze ngozi youtachiona husingaurayiwi nemishonga? World Health Organization yakapa dzimwe nhungamiro. Kutanga, yakaratidza nhanho dzatinogona kutora kuderedza kupararira kwezvirwere. Chechipiri, yakarondedzera kuvandudza kunogona kuita vanhu kushandisa kwavo mishonga inorwisa utachiona.
Nzira inoshanda, yakanakisisa yokuderedza zvirwere nokupararira kwazvo ndeyokuita chose chinodiwa kuchengetedza utano. Unogona kuitei kuti usarware?
Matanho Okuti Usarware
1. Ita nepaunogona napo kuwana zvinhu zvitatu zvinotevera: zvokudya zvakakodzera, kurovedza muviri kwakakwana, uye kuzorora kwakakwana.
2. Gara wakashambidzika. Vezvoutano vanokurudzira kugeza maoko somuitiro mumwe chete unoshanda kupfuura yose wokuti usarwara uye kuti usaparadzire chirwere kuvamwe.
3. Iva nechokwadi kuti zvokudya zvako nezvemhuri yako zvakachengeteka. Iva akangwarira chaizvo maoko ako nenzvimbo inobikirwa zvokudya kuti zvakachena. Uyewo, iva nechokwadi chokuti mvura yaunoshandisa kugeza maoko ako uye zvokudya zvako yakachena. Sezvo utachiona huchiwanda muzvokudya, nyatsobika nyama yako. Chengetedza uye isa zvakanaka zvokudya mufiriji.
4. Munyika umo zvirwere zvakakomba zvinoparadzirwa nezvipembenene zvinobhururuka, usanyanya kufamba kunze kwomusha nguva yousiku kana yemangwanani-ngwanani apo tupukanana utwu tunenge tuchinyanya kubhururuka. Uye nguva dzose shandisa maneti okudzivirira.
5. Majekiseni omushonga unodzivirira anogona kubatsira kurovedza muviri wako kuzvidzivirira uchirwisa humwe utachiona hunonyanya kuwanika kwaunogara.
Kushandisa Mishonga Youtachiona
1. Bvunza nyanzvi youtano usati watenga kana kushandisa mushonga upi noupi unorwisa mabhakitiriya kana utachiona. Mishonga inongotengeswa zvakananga kumutengi pasina kubatsira kwachiremba inowanzobatsira mutengesi kwazvo kudarika mutengi.
2. Usamanikidze chiremba wako kuti akupe mushonga wokushandisa unorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kana ukadaro, angakupa achingotyira kurasikirwa newe somurwere wake. Somuenzaniso, dzihwa, rinokonzerwa nemavhairasi, uye mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya hairapi dzihwa. Kushandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya paunenge uine vhairasi kungakanganisa mabhakitiriya anobatsira, zvichida nokuita kuti aya asingaurayiwi nemishonga awedzere.
3. Usada kungova nomushonga wazvino—ungave usina kukunakira uye ungakudhurira kwazvo kudarika zvinodiwa.
4. Dzidza mamwe marapiro api neapi kubva kune munhu akavimbika: Basa rawo nderei? Zvii zvawakaipira? Zvinoguma nei kana ukasanganiswa nemimwe mishonga, uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvingaita kuti kuushandisa kuve nengozi?
5. Kana mushonga wacho unorwisa mabhakitiriya wakakodzera zvechokwadi, unowanzokurudzirwa kuti ushandise wose waunenge wanzi ushandise, kunyange paunonzwa nani usati wapedza kuushandisa. Chikamu chokupedzisira chacho chinobatsira kuva nechokwadi chokuti chirwere chacho charapwa chose.
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 20]
Pasi pehurumende yaMwari yakarurama, vanhu vachava noupenyu hunenge husina utachiona hunokuvadza