Majeri Ndiwo Anotoparirawo Dambudziko Racho Here?

“Kuninipisa nokunyadzisa vasungwa ndiyo nzira yakaipisisa yokuvagadzirira nayo upenyu hwokunze kwejeri.”—MASHOKO OMUPEPETI MUTHE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION.

KAZHINJI kacho majeri anongoshanda sechokudzoresa—chisingagari kwenguva refu zvekare. Kana musungwa asunungurwa anenge aripira mhaka yake chaizvoizvo here? Zvakadini nevanenge vatadzirwa vacho nevadiwa vavo? “Ndini amai vemwana akapondwa,” akachema-chema Rita apo mhondi yakanga yabatwa nemhosva yokuuraya mwanakomana wake ane makore 16 yakabudiswa mujeri yangopika kwemakore matatu chete. “Ndapota imbomirai kwekanguva. Fungai. Munogona here kutanga kufungidzira manzwiro andinoita?” Sezvinoratidzwa nenyaya yaRita, nhamo huru inowanzoramba iripo matare atopedza basa rawo uye venhau vatokanganwa nezvenyaya yacho.

Nyaya iyi haikoshi kune vaya vane upenyu hwakakanganiswa nevapari vemhosva chete asiwo kune vamwe vose. Zvichaitwa nevasungwa pasinei nokuti vavandudzwa kana kutowedzerwa uipi nokurarama vakapfigirwa zvine chokuita norugare rwako rwepfungwa, kunyange kuchengeteka kwako.

Zvikoro Zvevapari Vemhosva

Kuvapo kwemajeri hakuwanzopedza kusazvibata kwevapari vemhosva. “Apo mari inoshandiswa kuvaka mamwe majeri panzvimbo pokuvaka unhu hwomusungwa, zvinowanzokonzera dzimwe mhosva—dzakatoipa zvakawedzera,” anonyora kudaro Jill Smolowe mumagazini inonzi Time. Peter,a uyo akapedza makore 14 akapfigirwa, anobvumirana nazvo. “Vazhinji vevandaive navo mujeri vakatanga notumhosva twenhando, ndokuzokwira voba zvinhu zvikuru, uye pakupedzisira vakanga vava shasha dzokupara mhosva huru munzanga,” anodaro. “Kwavari mumajeri makaita somuchikoro chokudzidzira basa. Vanozobuda vatoipisisa.”

Nepo majeri angabvisa vapari vemhosva mumigwagwa, zvinoratidzika sokuti hapana chaanonyanya kuita kudzivisa mhosva kwenguva refu—ndokunge chichitombovapo. Vakomana nemajaya vomumaguta vanowanzoona kuenda kujeri sechiratidzo chokuyaruka. Kazhinji kacho vanopedzisira vava vapari vemhosva vasingadzoreki. “Jeri haritombokupingudzi,” anodaro Larry, uyo akapedza hwakawanda hwoupenyu hwake achingopinzwa nokubudiswa mujeri. “Vanhu ava vanobuda vodzokorora zvinhu zvimwe chete izvozvo.”

Uku kudzokororwa kwokuparwa kwemhosva ndiko kunokonzera 50 muzana yemhosva huru dzinoparwa ne5 muzana yevapari vacho vemhosva, sezvakaonekwa neimwe ongororo muUnited States. “Apo vasungwa vanoshaya nzira inovaka yokushandisa nayo nguva yavo,” inodaro magazini inonzi Time, “vanowanzopedza nguva yacho vachikudziridza ruvengo, tisingatauri nezvemamwe mazano okupara mhosva, . . . avanozonoshandisa kana vabuda mujeri.”

Izvi hazvingoitiki muUnited States chete. Mumwe chiremba pajeri remauto muGreece anonzi John Vatis anoti: “Majeri edu ari kuzobudisa vanhu vanotyisa, vanoshandisa chisimba, uye vane hasha. Pavanobudiswa, vasungwa vazhinji vanoda kupedzera shungu pane voruzhinji.”

Kurasikirwa Kunoita Nzanga

Dambudziko remajeri rinototapudza chikwama chako. Somuenzaniso, zvinofungidzirwa kuti muUnited States, musungwa mumwe nomumwe anodyira vanobhadhara mitero mari inenge US$21 000 [Z$1 134 000] gore negore. Vasungwa vanopfuura zera remakore 60 vanogona kushandisa chitsama ichocho chakapetwa katatu. Munyika dzakawanda chivimbo chevoruzhinji mune zvokurangwa kwevapari vemhosva chiri kudzikira nezvimwe zvikonzerowo. Vari kunetseka nezvevapari vemhosva vanokurumidza kusunungurwa nevaya vanokwanisa kudzivisa kuiswa mujeri zvachose vachishandisa unyanzvi hwemagweta. Kazhinji kacho, vanotadzirwa vacho havanzwi vakanyatsodzivirirwa pakuzoramba vachitadzirwa, uye vangasagona kutaurawo chimwe chinhu mumatare.

Zvinonetsa Voruzhinji Zvinowedzera

Kuvimba nemajeri kwevoruzhinji hakuwedzerwi nokubatwa zvakashata kwevasungwa, sematsananguriro anoitwa mubhokisi riri munyaya ino. Vasungwa vakabatwa zvisina kunaka pavaipika havatombokodzeri kupingudzwa. Pozotiwo masangano akati kuti ekodzero dzevanhu anonetseka noushoma hwevanhu vemamwe marudzi vanowanika mumajeri. Vanoshamisika kana angori masanga kana kuti rusaruraganda.

Mushumo weAssociated Press wa1998 wakaita kuti chichemo chevaimbova mujeri reHolmesburg, muPennsylvania, U.S.A. chinzwikwe. Zvinonzi vaitsvaka kuripwa nokuti vakanga vashandiswa mukuedzwa kwemakemikari pavaive mujeri. Zvakadini nokudzorerwa kwakaitwa muitiro wokugara vasungwa vakasunganidzwa muUnited States? Amnesty International inoti kushanda kwevasungwa vakasunganidzwa kunoita maawa 10 kusvika ku12 kazhinji kacho muzuva rinopisa, nokungozorora kushoma shoma kuti vanwe mvura, uye awa imwe chete yokudya kwemasikati. . . . Chimbudzi chinongowanikwa nevasungwa vakasunganidzwa chinongova chigaba chakavharidzirwa nechinhu chinosimudzika. Vasungwa vanoramba vakasunganidzwa pavanenge vachichishandisa. Kana vasingakwanisi kusvika pane chigaba chacho, vasungwa vanomanikidzwa kuitira pasi vachionekwa nevanhu vose.” Zvechokwadi, haasi majeri ose anoshanda nenzira iyoyo. Kunyange zvakadaro, kubata vanhu noutsinye hwakanyanya kunobvisa chimiro vasungwa zvose nevanokuita.

Nzanga Inobatsirwa Here?

Hazvishamisi kuti vanhu vanofaranuka kana vapari vemhosva vanokuvadza vakapfigirwa. Dzimwe nzanga dzinoda majeri nokuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero. Pakada kuvharwa jeri riri muguta duku romuAustralia rinonzi Cooma, vanhu vakaramba. Nei? Nokuti jeri racho raiwanisa basa vanhu vomunzanga yacho yaitambura mune zvoupfumi.

Munguva dzichangopfuura hurumende dzakatengesera majeri kumakambani evanhu kuti dzideredze mari inoshandiswa. Zvinorwadza kuti kuwanda kwevasungwa uye kupiwa mitongo yakareba kwakatonakira bhizimisi. Saka ruramisiro inogona kukanganiswa nokutsvakwa kwemari.

Tacherechedza zvose, mubvunzo unokosha unosara ndewokuti: Majeri anopingudza vapari vemhosva here? Nepo mhinduro yacho ichiwanzova kwete, ungashamiswa kuziva kuti vamwe vasungwa vakabatsirwa kuchinja. Ngationei kuti sei.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 6, 7]

Kumboti Tarisei Zvakaita Mumajeri

KUWANDISA KWEVASUNGWA: Hazvishamisi kuti majeri omuBritain ane dambudziko guru rokuwandisa kwevanhu! Nyika iyoyo ndiyo yechipiri pauwandu hwevanhu vari mumajeri muWestern Europe yose, sezvo iine vasungwa 125 pavagari vemo 100 000 voga voga. MuBrazil, jeri guru romuSão Paulo rakavakwa kuti ripinde vasungwa 500. Panzvimbo pezvo, rinogara vanhu 6 000. MuRussia zvitokisi zvinofanira kugara vasungwa 28 zvinogara pakati pe90 ne110. Dambudziko racho iguru zvokuti vasungwa vanotochinjana kurara. Mune imwe nyika yokuAsia, vasungwa 13 kana 14 vakamanikidzana muchitokisi chakafara mamita matatu mativi ose. Zvichakadaro, muWestern Australia, vakuru vakuru vava kushandisa makondena esimbi okutakurira zvinhu pamarori sedzimba dzevasungwa kuti vapedze dambudziko rokushaya nzvimbo.

MHIRIZHONGA: Magazini yokuGermany inonzi Der Spiegel inoshuma kuti mumajeri okuGermany vasungwa vane utsinye vanouraya nokutambudza “muhondo yemakwikwi pakati petupoka twebhizimisi risiri repamutemo redoro nezvinodhaka, zvepabonde, uye chimbadzo.” Kusawirirana pakati pemarudzi kunowanzokuchidzira mhirizhonga mumajeri. “Kune vari kupika vanobva munyika 72,” inodaro Der Spiegel. “Kubonderana uye makakatanwa zvinoita kuti pave nemhirizhonga hazvidzivisiki.” Mune rimwe jeri rokuSouth America, vakuru vakuru vakati vanenge vasungwa 12 vakaurayiwa pamwedzi. “Vasungwa vakati nhamba yacho yakatopetwa kaviri,” yakashuma kudaro Financial Times yokuLondon.

KUSHINHWA: Munyaya inoti “Dambudziko Rechibharo Mumajeri,” The New York Times inoti kumwe kufungidzira kune mwero kunoratidza kuti muUnited States, “varume vanopfuura 290 000 vanoshinhwa navo gore negore mumajeri.” Mushumo wacho unopfuurira kuti: “Zviitiko zvinotyisa zvokushinhwa hazviwanzoitika kamwe chete, zvinowanzova zvezuva nezuva.” Rimwe sangano rinofungidzira kuti mumajeri omuUnited States, kushinhwa kunenge 60 000 kunoitika pazuva.

UTANO NOUTSANANA: Pane uchapupu hwakasimba hwokupararira kwezvirwere zvepabonde pakati pevasungwa. Chirwere chorurindi pakati pevasungwa muRussia uye mudzimwe nyika dzomuAfrica chinogara chichibudiswa munhau, sezvinongoitwawo kuregeredza kunoitwa zvokurapa, utsanana, uye kupa zvokudya mumajeri akawanda munyika yose.

[Mufananidzo]

Jeri rakawandisa vasungwa muSão Paulo, kuBrazil

[Kwazvakatorwa]

AP Photo/Dario Lopez-Mills

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 4, 5]

Jeri guru reLa Santé muParis, kuFrance

[Kwazvakatorwa]

AP Photo/Francois Mori

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 6]

Vakadzi vari mujeri muManagua, kuNicaragua

[Kwazvakatorwa]

AP Photo/Javier Galeano