Dukurikirane urugendo Paulo yagize aja i Beroya

Ico gihe, igikorwa c’abo bamisiyonari babiri cariko kiragenda neza cane, kandi abantu benshi cane baracika abizera. Hinge rero akagwi k’abantu kabahagurukire gatangure kubarwanya. Haciye hafatwa ingingo yuko abo bamisiyonari babiri bava aho hantu mu maguru masha mu gicugu, ku bw’ineza y’ishengero ryari riherutse kuvuka be no ku bw’ineza y’abo bamisiyonari ubwabo. Ukwo ni ko Paulo na Sila bahunze igisagara ca Tesalonike c’i Makedoniya nko mu 50 G.C., ico kikaba cari igisagara gifise ikivuko. Baciye bafata urugendo baja kwamamaza ahandi, aho na ho hakaba ari i Beroya.

UMUNTU yogendera igisagara ca Beroya (icitwa kandi Veroya) muri iki gihe, cokimwe n’uwari kukigendera kera, naho yoba akiri kure arashobora kubona aho ico gisagara cibereye ku mucamo w’amaja mu Buseruko bw’Umusozi Bermios wuzuyeko ibimera bitotahaye. Igisagara ca Beroya kiri nko ku bilometero 65 mu Bumanuko bushira Uburengero bw’i Tesalonike, kikaba no ku bilometero 40 uvuye ku Kiyaga Égée. Mu Bumanuko bwaho, hari umusozi witwa Olympe, uwuvugwa mu migani y’ivya kera ko ari wo imana nkurunkuru za kera z’Abagiriki zabako.

Abantu bakunda kwiga Bibiliya boshima kumenya ibijanye n’igisagara ca Beroya kubera yuko Paulo yahamamarije inkuru nziza yongera arafasha abantu benshi baho gucika abakirisu (Ivyakozwe n’intumwa 17:10-15). Reka tubanze turabe ivyerekeye kahise k’ico gisagara, maze twihweze ibijanye n’urugendo Paulo yagize aja muri co.

Inkuru zerekeye intango z’ico gisagara

Nta wuzi neza igihe ico gisagara ca Beroya catanguye kubaho. Abatanguye kuhaba, abashobora kuba bari abantu bo mu bwoko buturuka i Furugiya, batujijwe n’Abanyamakedoniya nko mu kinjana c’indwi B.G.C. Haciye ibinjana bitatu, i Makedoniya hararushirije kuba heza inyuma y’intsinzi Alegizandere Mukuru yatahukanye mu kwigarurira uturere dutandukanye. Harubatswe inyubakwa n’ibihome bikomakomeye, hongera harubakwa insengero z’imana Zeyu, Arutemi, Apolo, Atena be n’izindi mana zasengwa n’Abagiriki.

Igitabu kimwe c’inkuru za kahise kivuga yuko mu binjana n’ibindi, igisagara ca Beroya “cagize uruhara rukomeye mu karere ko micungararo yaco be no mu gice gisigaye co mu Buraruko bw’Ubugiriki”. Ico gisagara cacitse igisagara gikomeye cane mu gihe c’intwaro y’abami ba nyuma b’Abanyamakedoniya, abitwa Abantigonide (batwaye kuva mu mwaka wa 306 B.G.C gushika mu wa 168 B.G.C.), bano bakaba amaherezo barakombowe n’Uburoma.

Igitabu kimwe c’inkoranyabumenyi (Encyclopædia Britannica) kivuga yuko igihe Abaroma banesha Umwami Filipo wa gatanu mu mwaka wa 197 B.G.C., “ukuntu ivy’ubutegetsi vyari bitunganijwe vyarahindutse maze Uburoma busigara ari bwo butegetsi bwiganje mu karere ka Mediterane yo mu Buseruko”. Mu mwaka wa 168 B.G.C., i Pydna, ahari ku bilometero bikeyi uvuye i Beroya, umujenerali umwe w’Umuroma yaratahukanye intsinzi ihambaye mu kunesha umutegetsi wa nyuma w’i Makedoniya ha kera, uwo na we akaba yitwa Persée. Nk’uko vyari vyaravuzwe mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, intwaro nganzasi y’Abagiriki yari imaze gusubirirwa n’Uburoma (Daniyeli 7:6, 7, 23). Inyuma y’urwo rugamba, igisagara ca Beroya caciye kiba kimwe mu bisagara vy’i Makedoniya vyagondeye izosi Uburoma.

Mu kinjana ca mbere B.G.C., Makedoniya harabaye akarere k’intambara mu gihe c’amatati yari hagati y’uwitwa Pompée na Yuliyo Kayisari. Ico gihe, mu micungararo y’igisagara ca Beroya ni ho hari icicaro gikuru ca Pompée, akaba ari na ho ingabo ziwe zari zicumbitse.

Beroya hatera imbere mu gihe c’intwaro y’Abaroma

Mu kiringo ciswe Pax Romana, bisobanura ngo Amahoro y’Abaroma, abagendera igisagara ca Beroya bahasanga amabarabara ashashwemwo amabuye, ayo mabarabara akaba yari afise inkingi zishinze ku mpande zose. Ico gisagara cari gifise ubwogero rusangi, inyubakwa ziberamwo inkino, ububiko bw’ibitabu, be n’inyubakwa zaberamwo ibikino vyo kunyinyurana. Hariho imiringoti y’amazi yo kunywa, kandi ico gisagara cari gifise imifurege n’imiringoti bica mu kuzimu vyatwara amazi mabi. Igisagara ca Beroya cahavuye kiba igisagara rurangiranwa, kiba ikibanza gikomeye gikorerwamwo ivy’ubudandaji kigenderwa n’abadandaza, abanyatugenegene be n’abinonora imitsi, abarorerezi na bo bakaba barajayo kuraba inkino zo kwinonora imitsi be n’ibindi bintu vyahabera. Ba kavamahanga barashobora kuronka ibibanza vyo gusengeramwo aho bashobora gukorera ibijanye n’imigenzo y’amadini baba barimwo. Vy’ukuri, ico gisagara cari ihuriro ry’insengo zitandukanye z’abantu bo mu turere twose twatwarwa n’Abaroma.

Mu mana zasengwa i Beroya harimwo n’abami b’abami b’Abaroma bagirwa imana bamaze gupfa. Ivyo bishobora kuba bitatangaza Abanyaberoya kubera yuko n’imbere y’uko abami b’abami batangura gusengwa, Alegizandere Mukuru yari yarigeze kuba asengwa, agahabwa icubahiro nk’imana. Igitabu kimwe c’Abagiriki kivuga giti: “Kubera ko Abagiriki bo mu Buseruko bw’Inganji [y’Abaroma] bari basanzwe bamenyereye guha umwami icubahiro nk’imana mu gihe yaba akiriho, vyarabahimbara guha n’abami b’abami b’Abaroma icubahiro nk’imana. . . . Ku bingorongoro vyabo hariko ishusho y’umwami w’abami imwerekana nk’imana, yambaye urugori ruca ibibatsi. Mu kumuhayagiza bakoresha amajambo y’intakambo yakoreshwa mu kwazambira imana yinaka, bakaririmba indirimbo zishemeza iyo mana be n’iz’ubundi bwoko”. Insengero n’ibicaniro vyarubakwa, kandi uwo mwami w’abami agashikanirwa ibimazi. N’abami b’abami baba bari ku ngoma baritaba ibirori vyo gusenga abami b’abami baba barapfuye, ivyagirwamwo amahiganwa y’ivyo kwinonora imitsi, y’ivy’utugenegene be n’amahiganwa ajanye n’ivy’ibitabu.

Ni kubera iki igisagara ca Beroya cari ikibanza gikomeye c’ugusenga kwa gipagani? Kubera yuko ari ho hari icicaro ca Koyinone y’i Makedoniya. Koyinone yari inama yakoranya abaserukira ibisagara vy’i Makedoniya. Abo baserukira ibisagara baza barahurira i Beroya kugira ngo baganire ibibazo bijanye n’ibisagara bitandukanye be n’ibibazo bijanye n’intara maze bakarondera kubitorera umuti bahagarikiwe n’Uburoma. Kimwe mu bikorwa nyamukuru Koyinone yari ijejwe kwari uguhagarikira ibirori bijanye n’ugusenga abami b’abami.

Ukwo ni ko ibintu vyari vyifashe muri ico gisagara Paulo na Sila bagiyemwo inyuma y’aho bahungiye bakava i Tesalonike. Ico gihe, igisagara ca Beroya cari kimaze ibinjana bibiri gitwarwa n’Abaroma.

Inkuru nziza ishika i Beroya

Paulo mu kwamamaza i Beroya yatanguriye mw’isinagogi yo muri ico gisagara. None yakiriwe gute? Inkuru yahumetswe n’Imana itubwira yuko Abayuda baho “bār’imico myiza kuruta ab’i Tesalonike, kuko bākiriye ijambo ry’Imana n’umutima ukunze, basesa mu vyanditswe uko bukeye, ngo bamenye yukw ivyo ar’ivy’ukuri” (Ivyakozwe n’intumwa 17:10, 11). Kubera ko “bār’imico myiza”, ntibagize akagagazo ngo bagume bumiye ku vyo bari basanzwe bemera. Naho ivyo bariko barumva vyari bishasha kuri bo, ntivyatumye bagira umwikeko canke ngo bitume barakara. Aho gutera akagere ubutumwa Paulo yariko arababwira, barabukurikiye, baratega yompi bitonze, kandi ivyo babigira ata ho bahengamiye.

None abo Bayuda bamenya gute ko ivyo Paulo yigisha vyari ivy’ukuri? Mu gusuzuma ko ivyo babwirwa ari ivy’ukuri, bakoresha ico twokwita inivo yo kwizigirwa kuruta izindi zose. Barasesa mu Vyanditswe bitonze kandi babigiranye umwete. Incabwenge mu vya Bibiliya yitwa Matthew Henry yavuze ati: “Kubera yuko Paulo yabafasha kuzirikana yishimikije ivyanditswe, kandi akaberekeza kw’Isezerano rya kera mu kwerekana yuko ivyo yaba ariko aravuga ari ivy’ukuri, baca bikora kuri Bibiliya bari bafise, bakaraba ivyanditswe yaba yaberekejeko, bagasoma imirongo ibikikuje, bakarimbura iciyumviro kiri muri iyo mirongo be n’insobanuro y’ivyo vyanditswe, bakabigereranya n’ibindi vyanditswe, ivyo vyose bakabigira kugira ngo basuzume nimba uburyo Paulo yafatira kuri ivyo vyanditswe mu gusigura bwari ubwumvikana bukaba n’ubw’ukuri, be n’uko ivyo yasigura ashingiye kuri ivyo vyanditswe vyari ibintu bijijura, maze bafatiye kuri ivyo bagaca bagira ivyiyumviro ubwabo bashitseko”.

Ico si ikintu bagira rimwe na rimwe bapfa kuyeyemvyako amaso gusa. Abanyaberoya bama biga babigiranye umwete, bagafata umwanya wo kubigira atari kw’Isabato gusa, ahubwo bakabigira ku musi ku musi.

Vyongeye, zirikana ku co vyavuyemwo. Abayuda benshi b’i Beroya barakiriye ubwo butumwa maze baracika abizera. Abagiriki batari bake, kumbure harimwo n’Abagiriki bamwebamwe bari barahindukiriye idini ry’Abayuda, na bo nyene barizeye. Ariko ivyo ntivyashimishije bose. Igihe Abayuda b’i Tesalonike bavyumva, baciye banyaragasa baja i Beroya ‘kuvyura imivurungano mu bantu no kubahagarika imitima’.​—Ivyakozwe n’intumwa 17:4, 12, 13.

Vyabaye ngombwa ko Paulo aca ava aho i Beroya, ariko akaba yaciye aja kwamamariza ahandi. Ico gihe yafashe ubwato aja i Atenayi (Ivyakozwe n’intumwa 17:14, 15). Naho ari ukwo, yarashobora kunezerwa no kubona ubukirisu bwarashinze imizi i Beroya biciye ku gikorwa yaharanguriye. Kandi ico gikorwa yaharanguriye kiriko kiravamwo ivyiza muri iki gihe.

Ni vyo, i Beroya (ahitwa kandi Veroya) haracariho abantu basesa mu Vyanditswe bitonze kugira ngo “[ba]gerageze vyose”, ni ukuvuga basuzume vyose, maze ‘bakagumya’ ibifise ishingiro kandi vy’ukuri (1 Ab’i Tesalonike 5:21). Nka kumwe kwa Paulo, amashengero abiri yifashe neza y’Ivyabona vya Yehova yo muri ico gisagara aragira uruhara mu gikorwa co kwamamaza inkuru nziza, akabwira abandi ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya. Bararondera abantu b’imitima nziraburyarya bakongera bakabafasha kuzirikana bishimikije Ivyanditswe, gutyo bakareka inguvu Bibiliya ifise yo kuvyurira umuntu umutima wo kugira ico akoze, igafasha abo bose bipfuza kumenya Yehova, ya Mana y’ukuri.​—Abaheburayo 4:12.

[Ikarata ku rup. 13]

(Ushaka igisomwa cose, raba ico gitabu)

Igice c’urugendo rwa kabiri rw’ubumisiyonari Paulo yagize

MUSIYA

Tirowa

Neyapoli

Filipi

MAKEDONIYA

Amfipoli

Tesalonike

Beroya

UBUGIRIKI

Atenayi

Korinto

AKAYA

AZIYA

Efeso

RODO

[Ifoto ku rup. 13]

Ikingorongoro c’ifeza kiriko ishusho ya Alegizandere Mukuru imwerekana nk’imana y’Abagiriki

[Abo dukesha ifoto]

Ikingorongoro: Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.

[Ifoto ku rup. 14]

Irembo bacamwo mu kwinjira mu gace k’igisagara ca Beroya (icitwa kandi Veroya) kabamwo Abayuda

[Ifoto ku rup. 15]

Isinagogi ya kera iri i Beroya (ahitwa kandi Veroya) ho muri iki gihe