Ivyabajijwe n’abasomyi bacu
Ni kubera iki Ivyabona vya Yehova badakoresha umusaraba mu gusenga?
Ivyabona vya Yehova baremera bashimitse yuko urupfu rwa Yezu Kristu rwatumye haboneka incungu yugururiye abantu bamwizera, inzira yo gushikira ubuzima budahera. (Matayo 20:28; Yohani 3:16) Ariko rero, ntibemera yuko Yezu yapfiriye ku musaraba, nk’uko bikunze kwerekanwa n’amasanamu amenyerewe na benshi. Ivyabona vya Yehova bemera yuko Yezu yapfiriye ku giti kigororotse, kitariko ikindi giti gikitse.
Ugukoresha umusaraba gushobora kuba kwatanguriye muri Mezopotamiya, imyaka ibihumbi bibiri imbere y’uko Kristu avuka. Imisaraba mbere yarasangwa mu bintu vyaharangaturwa ku bitandara vyo mu karere k’ibihugu vyo muri Scandinavie, mu kiringo ciswe ngo n’ic’umujumbu, mu binjana n’ibindi imbere y’uko Yezu avuka. Uwitwa Sven Tito Achen, uno akaba ari umutohozakahise n’umuhinga mu bijanye n’ibigereranyo wo muri Danemarike, yanditse mu gitabu ciwe kivuga ivyerekeye ibigereranyo (Symbols Around Us) yuko abo bantu b’abapagani bakoresha umusaraba “bwa kimenyetso c’ubushobozi nsigabwenge . . . gikingira, kigatanga umugisha”. Ntibitangaje kubona igitabu kimwe c’inkoranyabumenyi c’abagatolika (New Catholic Encyclopedia) ciyemerera giti: “Umusaraba usangwa mu mico y’abantu b’imbere y’ubukirisu be no mu mico y’abapagani, aho usanga akenshi ufise insobanuro yerekeza ku kirere canke ku bisyo vyo mu kirere”. Ni kubera iki none amadini yahisemwo umusaraba ngo abe ari wo uba ikigereranyo cayo ceranda gusumba ibindi?
Uwitwa W. E. Vine, uno akaba ari incabwenge yubahwa yo mu Bwongereza, aratanga ibi bituma bitoharirizwa, ati: “Ikinjana ca 3 G.C. kigeze hagati, . . . abapagani barakirwa mu madini . . . kandi baremererwa cane kugumana ibimenyetso n’ibigereranyo vyabo vya gipagani”. Ukwo ni ko umusaraba watanguye gukoreshwa n’amadini.—Vine’s Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words.
Vine arongera akavuga yuko mu kigiriki co mu ntango izina ryahinduwe ngo “umusaraba” be n’irivuga ryahinduwe ngo “kubamba”, vyompi vyerekeza ku “giti canke inkingi . . . bitandukanye na wa musaraba ugizwe n’ibiti bibiri ukoreshwa mu madini”. Mu buryo buhuye n’ayo majambo, impinduro imwe ya Bibiliya yo kuri kaminuza y’i Oxford (Companion Bible) ivuga iti: “Ikivyemeza . . . ni uko Umukama yiciwe ku giti kigororotse, atari ku bigegene bibiri vy’ibiti bifatanijwe mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose”. Biragaragara yuko amadini yakurikije umugenzo udashingiye kuri Bibiliya.
Achen, wa mutohozakahise twamara kuvuga, agira ati: “Inyuma y’ibinjana bibiri Yezu apfuye, birashoboka cane ko abakirisu batari bwigere bakoresha umusaraba”. Yongerako yuko ku bakirisu bo mu ntango, umusaraba “utegerezwa kuba ahanini wagereranya urupfu n’amakuba, nka kurya nyene abahavuye babaho mu nyuma babona yuko ari ko biri kuri ca cuma citwa guillotine [ico kikaba cakoreshwa mu kwica abantu babaciye imitwe] be na ya ntebe yitwa chaise électrique [iyo ikaba ari intebe irimwo umuyagankuba ikoreshwa mu gusinzikariza abantu ubuzima]”.
Igihambaye kuruta, ico ari co cose coba carakoreshejwe mu gusinzikariza ubuzima Yezu be no mu kumwica, nta kigereranyo canke ikimenyetso c’ico bamwiciyeko abakirisu bakwiye kwihebera canke gukoresha mu gusenga. Bibiliya itegeka iti: “Muhunge ugusenga ibigirwamana”. (1 Abakorinto 10:14) Yezu ubwiwe yaratanze ikimenyetso nyaco kiranga abayoboke biwe b’ukuri. Yavuze ati: “Iki ni co bose bazomenyerako yuko muri abigishwa banje, nimwagiriranira urukundo hagati yanyu”.—Yohani 13:35.
Mu bintu vyose bijanye no gusenga, nka kumwe abakirisu bo mu kinjana ca mbere babigira, Ivyabona vya Yehova barihatira gukurikiza Bibiliya aho gukurikiza imigenzo. (Abaroma 3:4; Abakolosayi 2:8) Ku bw’iyo mpamvu, ntibakoresha umusaraba mu gusenga.
[Picture Credit on page 22]
Igishusho cerekana umwami w’umupagani w’Umusiriya yambaye umusaraba, nko mu 800 B.G.C.
[Abo dukesha ifoto]
Ifoto yafashwe bitangiwe uburenganzira na British Museum