Ikidodo ‘ca Yukali’
MU KINJANA c’indwi B.G.C., wa mutegetsi w’Umukaludaya yitwa Nebukadinezari yarigaruriye Yeruzalemu, araturira ico gisagara, yongera arasenyagura impome zaco. Yarafashe mpiri Zedekiya umwami w’Ubuyuda yongera aramunogora amaso. N’ikindi kandi, “uwo mwami w’i Babuloni [yarishe] n’abaganwa bose b’i Buyuda”.—Yeremiya 39:1-8.
Umwe mu baganwa b’i Buyuda, uwo bishoboka ko yoba yagandaguwe n’Abanyababiloni, yari Yukali mwene Shelemiya. Hari amakuru mashasha yabonetse yerekeye uwo muntu avugwa muri Bibiliya. Ariko rero, imbere y’uko tuyasuzuma, reka tubanze turabe ico Ivyanditswe bivuga kuri Yukali be n’ico bivuga ku gihe ciwe.
“Ntibazokunesha”
Yehova yashinze umuhanuzi Yeremiya igikorwa co gushikiriza ubutumwa bw’urubanza rwoshikijwe ku Buyuda no kuri Yeruzalemu. Imana yabariye Yeremiya yuko abami, abaganwa, abaherezi be n’abantu b’i Buyuda ‘bomurwanije’. Ariko Yehova yavuze ko ‘batomunesheje kuko yobaye ari kumwe na we’.—Yeremiya 1:17-19.
Igihe Abanyababiloni bari bugarije umurwa mukuru w’Ubuyuda, ari wo Yeruzalemu, Umwami Zedekiya yararungitse incuro zibiri intumwa kuri Yeremiya kugira amenye nimba Nebukadinezari yokwiyonjoroye akareka kwugariza ico gisagara, no kugira asabe uwo muhanuzi gusenga asaba ngo abo Banyababiloni biyonjorore. Umwe muri izo ntumwa z’umwami yari Yukali, uwuzwi kandi ko yitwa Yehukali. Ubutumwa Imana yahaye Yeremiya ngo ashikirize bwavuga yuko abo Banyababiloni, ari bo Bakaludaya, bosanganguye ico gisagara. Abosigaye i Yeruzalemu bose bokwishwe n’ikigoyi, n’ikiza be n’inkota. Abogiye kwisaba Abakaludaya bobo borokotse. Amajambo Yeremiya yavuze, emwe, yatumye abaganwa b’i Buyuda ishavu riniga!—Yeremiya 21:1-10; 37:3-10; 38:1-3.
Yukali yari mu baganwa babwiye Zedekiya bashimika bati: “Uyu muntu [Yeremiya] akwiye gupfa: kukw adendebura amaboko y’abahizi”. N’ikindi kandi, uwo muntu mubi Yukali ari muri ba bandi bata Yeremiya mu cobo kirimwo ikivurugu c’ivyondo, ariko uwo muhanuzi akaba yahavuye agikurwamwo (Yeremiya 37:15; 38:4-6). Kubera ko Yeremiya yagamburukira Yehova, yararokotse igihe i Yeruzalemu hasangangurwa, ariko bisa n’uko Yukali we yapfuye igihe Leta y’Abayuda Yukali yari yizigiye yakurwaho.
Amakuru mashasha ashimishije avuga ivya Yukali
Amakuru mashasha avuga ivya Yukali yabonetse mu 2005. Abacukuzi b’ivya kera bariko barimba mu kibanza kimwe aho bari bizigiye ko baza gusanga ikirimba c’Umwami Dawidi. Ico bubutseko yari inyubakwa nini cane y’amabuye, iyo bibaza ko yasambuwe igihe Abanyababiloni bafata Yeruzalemu mu gihe ca Yeremiya.
Nta wuzi ko iyo nyubakwa yoba canke itoba yari co kirimba ca Dawidi. Mugabo, abo bacukuzi barashoboye kumenya ibijanye n’akantu kamwe batoye, ako na ko kakaba kari akabumba gafise ubwaguke bwa santimetero imwe gateweko ikidodo, akerekanwa ku rupapuro rwa 14. Kari kahoze gafatanije icete, hakaba hari haciye igihe kirekire caraherengeteye. Ivyari kuri ako kabumba vyavuga ngo “Ca Yehukali mwene Shelemiyahu, [Shelemiyahu] mwene Shovi”. Biboneka ko ayo majambo yashizwe kuri ako kabumba hakoreshejwe ikidodo ca Yehukali, ari we Yukali, mwene Shelemiya, umwe yarwanya Yeremiya.
Umucukuzi w’ivya kera yitwa Eilat Mazar, uwatoye insobanuro y’ivyari kuri ako kabumba, yandika ko Yehukali yari “umushikiranganji agira kabiri w’umwami”, havuye Gemariya mwene Shafani, uwo Yehukali izina ryiwe rikaba riboneka ku kantu gateweko ikidodo katowe mu Gisagara ca Dawidia.
Kwizera Ijambo ry’Imana ntibihagaze ku kintu na kimwe cakozwe n’abantu cuburwa ahantu hanaka; ahubwo iranguka ry’ubuhanuzi bwahumetswe ni imvo ifise ishingiro ituma umuntu yizera Bibiliya. Ivyabaye muri kahise birerekana ko Yeremiya atihenze ku kintu na kimwe igihe yavuga ubuhanuzi bujanye n’ugusangangurwa kwa Yeruzalemu. Kuba abarwanya Yeremiya bapfuye mu buryo bw’agatetereza, birakwiye gukomeza ukujijuka kwacu yuko mu gihe twoguma turi intahemuka nka Yeremiya, abansi bacu ‘batazotunesha, kuko Yehova ari kumwe natwe’.
[Akajambo k’epfo]
a Nimba ushaka kumenya ivyerekeye Gemariya na Shafani, raba ikiganiro kivuga ngo “Woba Uzi Ivya Shafani n’Umuryango Wiwe?” mu Munara w’Inderetsi wo ku wa 15 Kigarama 2002, urupapuro rwa 19-22.
[Ifoto ku rup. 15]
Yeremiya ntiyahiye coba ngo ajoborore ubutumwa bw’Imana
[Abo dukesha ifoto ku rup. 14]
Gabi Laron/Institute of Archaeology/ Hebrew University ©Eilat Mazar