Ijambo rya Yehova riratera imbere ryihuta cane mu “Gihugu c’inkukuma”

“IGIHUGU c’inkukuma”. Ukwo ni ko Abanyalubaniya bita igihugu cabo mu rurimi rwabo. Ico gihugu kirabana n’Ikiyaga Adiriya. Kiri mu gace k’isi kinjira mu mazi kitwa Balkans, kikaba giherereye hagati y’Ubugiriki n’icahoze ari igihugu ca Yugosilaviya. Naho hari ivyiyumviro vyinshi bishikirizwa ku bijanye n’amamuko y’Abanyalubaniya, abatohozakahise benshi barahuriza ku ciyumviro c’uko Abanyalubaniya be n’ururimi rwabo bakomotse ku banya Iliriya ba kera, abo na bo imico kama yabo ikaba yatanguye mu 2000 B.G.C., nk’uko bivugwa n’inkoranyabumenyi imwe.​—The Encyclopædia Britannica.

Ubwiza bw’igihugu ca Alubaniya bugizwe n’imisozi igenda isumbasumbana iri kure cane mu Buraruko, be n’inkengera ndende z’Ikiyaga Adiriya ziriko umusenyi wera ziri mu Bumanuko. Ariko rero, abantu baho ni bo bagize ubwiza bwaho buruta ubundi bwose. Ni abantu b’igishika kandi b’abakiranyi, bashwashwanutse kandi baserura inyiyumvo zabo, abantu bategera ibintu ningoga kandi baserura ivyiyumviro vyabo n’inyiyumvo nyinshi, mu kugira ibimenyetso vy’umubiri bashwashwanutse.

Umumisiyonari yari azwi cane agendera Alubaniya

Kamere y’igikundiro abantu baho bafise be n’ukuntu igihugu cabo kiryoheye ijisho, ntibibuze kuba vyarahimbaye umuntu umwe adasanzwe yigeze kuhagendera, ubu hakaba haciye ibinjana n’ibindi. Ya ntumwa yagenze cane yitwa Paulo yanditse nko mu 56 G.C. ati: “[Namamaje] ubutumwa bga Kristo, . . . [n]shika no muri Iluriko” (Abaroma 15:19). Igice ca Iluriko co mu Buraruko ni co ubu kigize Alubaniya yo hagati na Alubaniya yo mu Buraruko. Ayo majambo Paulo yayandikiye i Korinto mu Bugiriki, aho hakaba hari mu Bumanuko bwa Iluriko. Kuba avuga yuko yamamaje mu buryo bunogangije ‘gushika muri Iluriko’, vyerekana ko yagiye gushika ku rubibe rwa Iluriko canke ko yagiye agashika neza na neza muri ako karere. Uko vyoba vyaragenze kwose, ashobora kuba yaramamaje inkuru nziza mu karere ubu gasigaye kitwa Alubaniya yo mu Bumanuko. Vyoshobora rero kuvugwa yuko intumwa Paulo ari we yatanguye kwamamaza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami muri Alubaniya.

Mu binjana n’ibindi inyuma y’aho Paulo agendeye Alubaniya, inganji nganzabami zagiye zirahaguruka mu nyuma zigatemba. Intwaro z’abanyamahanga zagiye zirakurakuranwa mu gutwara ako gace k’Uburaya kitwa Alubaniya, gushika ico gihugu cikukiye mu 1912. Haheze nk’imyaka cumi ico gihugu cikukiye, Ubwami bwa Yehova bwarongeye kwamamazwa muri Alubaniya.

Intango iteye akanyamuneza yo mu gihe ca none

Hari Abanyalubaniya bakeyi bari baragiye kugerera muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, baraheza bifatanya n’Abatohoji ba Bibiliya bo mu mahanga yose, nk’uko Ivyabona vya Yehova bitwa ico gihe. Mu myaka ya 1920, barasubiye muri Alubaniya kugira babwire abandi ivyo bari barize. Umwe muri abo yari uwitwa Nasho Idrizi. Abantu bamwebamwe barakiriye neza inkuru nziza. Mu 1924, ibiro vyo muri Rumaniya vyarashinzwe guhagarikira igikorwa co kwamamaza muri Alubaniya, kugira ngo abashimishijwe n’inkuru nziza bariko barushiriza kwongerekana bashobore kwitwararikwa.

Thanas Duli (ari we Athan Doulis) ni umwe mu bize ivyerekeye Yehova muri Alubaniya muri iyo myaka. Yibutse ibi: “Mu 1925, muri Alubaniya hari hamaze gushingwa amashengero atatu, hakaba kandi hariho Abatohoji ba Bibiliya be n’abashimishijwe bari bakwiragiye hirya no hino muri ico gihugu. Barakundana ku buryo bari batandukanye rwose . . . n’abandi bantu babakikuje!”a.

Kugira urugendo ntivyari vyoroshe na gato kubera ko ata mabarabara meza yari ahari. Yamara, abamamaji b’abanyamwete baremeye kurwana urwo rugamba. Umwe muri abo ni Areti Pina wo mu gisagara c’i Vlorë kiri ku nkengera yo mu Bumanuko, uwo akaba yabatijwe mu 1928 afise imyaka 18. Yaraduga akongera akamanuka imisozi y’urubuyebuye n’ibidunduri, agenda yamamaza afise Bibiliya mu minwe. Yari mw’ishengero rikomeye ryari i Vlorë mu ntango z’imyaka ya 1930.

Mu 1930, igikorwa co kwamamaza muri Alubaniya cari gihagarikiwe n’ibiro vy’ishami vy’i Atenayi mu Bugiriki. Mu 1932, hari umucungezi w’ingenzi wo mu Bugiriki yaje muri Alubaniya kuremesha no gukomeza abavukanyi. Benshi mu bariko bariga ukuri kwa Bibiliya ico gihe bari bafise icizigiro c’ijuru. Hose abantu barabubaha cane kubera yuko bari bazwi ko ari abantu basukuye kandi b’intungane. Igikorwa abo bavukanyi b’intahemuka baranguye caravuyemwo ivyiza vyinshi. Mu 1935 cokimwe no mu 1936, haratanzwe muri Alubaniya ibitabu bishingiye kuri Bibiliya nka 6.500.

Umusi umwe, Nasho Idrizi yaravugije hagati mu gisagara ca Vlorë imwe mu nsiguro zashikirijwe na J. F. Rutherford, ayivuza akoresheje icuma gisohora amajwi citwa ifono. Abantu barahagaritse imirimo bariko bararangura baraza kwumviriza iyo nsiguro, umuvukanyi Idrizi akaba ari we yaza arayisobanura mu kinyalubaniya. Umwete abo bigisha b’ivya Bibiliya bo mu ntango babandanije kugira badahorereza waravuyemwo ivyiza. Mu 1940, muri Alubaniya hari Ivyabona 50.

Alubaniya gicika igihugu kiterekwa ivy’Imana

Mu 1939, Abafashisiti b’Abataliyano barigaruriye ico gihugu. Ivyabona vya Yehova baratswe uburenganzira bari barahawe n’amategeko bwo gukorera ku mugaragaro, igikorwa cabo co kwamamaza na co kirabuzwa. Butaraca na kabiri, inteko z’Abadagi zarateye igihugu. Ya Ntambara ya kabiri y’isi yose irangiye, umusirikare yitwa Enver Hoxha yaracitse umuntu akomeye, aba indongozi ikundwa cane. Umugambwe wiwe w’Abakomunisita waratsinze amatora yo mu 1946, aca aba umushikiranganji wa mbere. Imyaka yakurikiye yahavuye yitwa ngo ni igihe co kuronka umwidegemvyo, mugabo ku basavyi ba Yehova si ko vyagenze.

Leta yagiye buhorobuhoro irushiriza kurwanya amadini. Ivyabona vya Yehova bo muri Alubaniya barashikamye ku mpagararo yabo ya gikirisu y’ukutagira aho bahengamiye, baranka gufata ibirwanisho no kuja mu vya politike (Yesaya 2:2-4; Yohana 15:17-19). Benshi baratawe mu mvuto ata bifungurwa be n’utuntu twa nkenerwa mu buzima bafise. Akenshi abavukanyikazi babo bataba bapfunzwe ni bo wasanga babamesurira bakongera bakabategurira ibifungurwa.

Barahanganye n’uruhamo ata bwoba

Mu ntango z’imyaka ya 1940, uwitwa Frosina Xheka, uno akaba yari umuyabaga yaba mu kigwati kimwe co hafi y’intara ya Përmet, yarumvise ivyo basazawe bariko bigishwa n’Icabona umwe yashona ibirato yitwa Nasho Dorib. Abategetsi bariko barushiriza gukarira Ivyabona vya Yehova, mugabo ivyo ntivyabujije ko ukwizera kwa Frosina kurushiriza gukomera, naho ivyo bitanezereje abavyeyi biwe. Frosina yigana ati: “Mu gihe naba nja ku makoraniro ya gikirisu, baca banyegeza ibirato vyanje bakongera bakandida. Baragerageje kurondera ukuntu nokwabirwa n’umuntu atizera. Ngize ngo ndanse, baciye banta hanze. Uwo musi hariko haragwa urubura. Nasho Dori yarasavye umuvukanyi Gole Flloko w’i Gjirokastër ko yomfasha. Baciye bumvikana ko noja kubana n’umuryango wiwe. Basazanje bari bapfunzwe kubera ukutagira aho bahengamiye. Aho bamariye kurekurwa, naciye nja kubana na bo i Vlorë.

“Abapolisi baragerageje kumpata ngo nje mu bikorwa bijanye na politike. Naranse. Baramfashe, bantwara mu cumba kimwe, baca barankikuza. Umwe muri bo yaciye antera ubwoba mu kumbwira ati: ‘Mbega urazi ico dushobora kukugirira?’. Nanje nti: ‘Nta kindi mwogira atari ico Yehova aretse mukagira’. Yaciye avuga ati: ‘Wewe ntukomeye mu mutwe! Tuve mu maso!’”.

N’abandi bavukanyi b’Abanyalubaniya baragaragaje ukwo kudahemuka muri iyo myaka yose. Mu 1957 igihugu ca Alubaniya carashikiriye igitigiri c’agaheta c’abamamaji b’Ubwami 75. Mu ntango zo mu myaka ya 1960, icicaro gikuru c’Ivyabona vya Yehova cararungitse umuvukanyi John Marks kugendera igisagara ca Tiranë kugira afashe kuringaniza igikorwa ca gikirisu, uwo muvukanyi akaba yari Umunyalubaniya yari yaragiye kugerera muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerikac. Ariko rero haheze imisi mike, Luçi Xheka, Mihal Sveci, Leonidha Pope, be n’abandi bavukanyi bahagarikiye igikorwa bararungitswe mu makambi y’ibikorwa vy’umuruho.

Haboneka icizigiro c’uko ibintu bigiye kumera neza

Gushika mu 1967, amadini yose yabonwa nabi muri Alubaniya. Mu nyuma, yahavuye abuzwa. Nta mupatiri w’umugatolika canke w’umworotodogisi yashobora gusoma imisa, canke ngo hagire umukuru mw’idini rya isilamu aja imbere abandi mu gusenga. Amasengero amwamwe be n’imisigiti imwimwe vyarugawe, ibindi na vyo bihindurwamwo amazu yo kwinonoreramwo imitsi, amaratiro y’utwa kera, be n’amasoko. Nta n’umwe yari arekuriwe gutunga Bibiliya. Nta n’uwari arekuriwe gucisha mu kanwa ivy’uko yemera Imana.

Kwamamaza no kugira amakoraniro vyasa n’ibidashoboka. Ivyabona baragize uko bashoboye kwose kugira bakorere Yehova naho umwumwe wese yikorana ukwiwe. Guhera mu myaka ya 1960 gushika mu myaka ya 1980, Ivyabona baragabanutse basigara bari ku rushi. Yamara bari bakomeye mu vy’impwemu.

Mu mpera z’imyaka ya 1980, muri Alubaniya hagiye buhorobuhoro haraba amahinduka mu vya politike. Ibifungurwa be n’ivyambarwa vyarakenye. Abantu bari mu mubabaro. Amahinduka yo mu vy’intwaro yariko aba mu Buraya bwo mu Buseruko yarashitse no muri Alubaniya mu ntango zo mu myaka ya 1990. Haheze imyaka 45 igihugu kiri mu Ntwaro y’agahotoro, intwaro nshasha yarasubije abantu umwidegemvyo wo gusenga.

Ibiro vy’ishami vyo muri Otirishe no mu Bugiriki, biyobowe n’Inama Nyobozi y’Ivyabona vya Yehova, ntivyatevye guca bitangura guhanahana amakuru n’abavukanyi bo muri Alubaniya. Abavukanyi b’Abagiriki bazi ikinyalubaniya barazanye i Tiranë n’i Berat ibitabu bivuga ivya Bibiliya vyari biherutse guhindurwa. Ntiworaba umunezero abavukanyi bari barasabagiye bagize igihe babona Ivyabona bavuye mu mahanga haheze imyaka n’iyindi!

Abatsimvyi b’abanyamwete bavuye mu mahanga baja imbere abandi mu gikorwa

Mu ntango z’umwaka wa 1992, Inama Nyobozi yarimuriye muri Alubaniya abamisiyonari babiri ari bo Michael DiGregorio n’umukenyezi wiwe Linda bakomoka ku Banyalubaniya. Barabonanye n’abari bageze mu zabukuru b’intahemuka, barabafasha gusubira kuba mu bagize umuryango wo mu vy’impwemu ukwiye kw’isi yose. Muri Munyonyo, hari abatsimvyi badasanzwe (ni ukuvuga abamamaji b’igihe cose) b’abanyamwete bo mu Butaliyano bashika 16 baje, bazanana n’abandi batsimvyi bane baturuka mu Bugiriki. Hari ivyigwa bijanye n’ukwiga ururimi vyatunganijwe mu ntumbero yo gufasha abo batsimvyi kumenya ikinyalubaniya.

Ubuzima bwa misi yose bw’abo batsimvyi mvamahanga ntibwari bworoshe. Umuyagankuba waza uracikagurika. Mu rushana haba hakanye kandi habomvye. Abantu baramara amasaha batonze kugira baronke ibifungurwa be n’ibindi bintu vya nkenerwa. Ariko rero, ingorane ikomeye kuruta izindi zose abavukanyi bagize yari iyo kuronka ikibanza kinini cari gushobora gukwirwamwo amasinzi y’abantu bari barashimishijwe n’ukuri.

Abatsimvyi bariko binanata kugira bashobore kuvuga ikinyalubaniya basanze ururimi ari uburyo gusa bwo gushika ku ntumbero kanaka. Hari umwigisha w’ivya Bibiliya w’inararibonye yababwiye ati: “Kumwenyurira abavukanyi bacu n’igishika canke kubagwa mu nda ntibisaba ko duhadikiriza amavuga ata gakosa. Ikizotuma Abanyalubaniya bagira ico bakoze, si indimburo ihanitse ahubwo ni urukundo ruvuye ku mutima muzobagaragariza. Ntimugire ikibazo, bazotahura”.

Inyuma y’icigwa ca mbere kijanye n’ukwiga ururimi, abo batsimvyi baciye baja gukorera i Berat, i Durres, i Gjirokastër, i Shkodër, i Tiranë, be n’i Vlorë. Bidatevye, amashengero yaragwiriye ningoga na ningoga muri ivyo bisagara. Areti Pina, uwari ico gihe ageze mu myaka 80 akaba kandi yari afise amagara make, yari akiri i Vlorë. Abatsimvyi badasanzwe babiri baragiyeyo kugira bakorane na we igikorwa co kwamamaza. Abantu baratangazwa no kwumva abanyamahanga bavuga ikinyalubaniya. Bavuze bati: “Abamisiyonari bo mu yandi madini muko batwigisha badutegeka kubanza kwiga icongereza canke igitaliyano. Kuba mwarize ikinyalubaniya birerekana ko vy’ukuri mudukunda, bikerekana kandi ko muri n’ikintu gihambaye mugomba kutubwira!”. Areti yarangije ubuzima bwiwe bwo kw’isi muri Nzero 1994 ari intahemuka, akaba yarakoze igikorwa co kwamamaza gushika mu kwezi kwiwe kwa nyuma. Umwete we na nya batsimvyi bagaragaje warahezagiwe. Harasubiye gushingwa ishengero i Vlorë mu 1995. Muri iki gihe, hari amashengero atatu ahagaze neza yamamaza n’umwete muri ico gisagara gifise ikivuko.

Mu gihugu cose, abantu bari bashonje mu buryo bw’impwemu, kandi wasanga batinuba cane abo badasangiye idini. Ibitabu vyose bishingiye kuri Bibiliya bahawe n’Ivyabona baciye babisoma nk’aka kanya. Abakiri bato benshi baratanguye kwiga, baca baratera imbere ningoga na ningoga.

Amashengero be n’imigwi birenga 90 birabandanya ‘gukomezwa mu kwizera no kwunguka ibitigiri imisi yose’ mu gihugu cose (Ivyakozwe n’intumwa 16:5). Ivyabona 3.513 bo muri Alubaniya baracafise ibikorwa vyinshi. Muri Ntwarante 2005, Icibutso c’urupfu rwa Kirisitu citabwe n’abantu 10.144. Ibiyago Ivyabona bagirana n’abantu b’abakiranyi igihe baba bari mu gikorwa cabo c’ukwamamaza bimaze kuvamwo inyigisho za Bibiliya zirenga 6.000. Biribonekeza yuko abantu ibihumbi bazokwungukira kuri Bibiliya Traduction du monde nouveau iherutse gusohorwa mu kinyarubaniya. Vy’ukuri, ijambo rya Yehova riratera imbere ryihuta cane mu “Gihugu c’inkukuma”, ivyo bikaba bishemeza Yehova.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

[Uruzitiro ku rup. 20]

INDYANE Z’AMOKO ZO MURI KOSOVO ZIRANGIRA!

Mu mpera z’imyaka ya 1990, nta kindi cayagwa atari Kosovo igihe amatati y’ivy’intara be n’urwanko rushingiye ku moko rwari rwarashinze imizi vyatuma haba intambara muri ico gihugu maze amakungu akaza gutabara.

Mu gihe ca ya ntambara yaba mu karere ka Balkans, Ivyabona benshi babwirijwe guhungira mu bihugu bibanyi. Intambara imaze kugabanuka, bakeyi muri bo barasubiye muri Kosovo, biteguriye igikorwa co kwamamaza. Hari abatsimvyi badasanzwe b’Abanyalubaniya n’Abataliyano bitanze kugira baje gufasha abantu 2.350.000 baba muri Kosovo. Muri iki gihe, abamamaji bashika 130 bari mu mashengero ane n’imigwi itandatu ni bo bariko bakorera Yehova muri ako karere.

Mu mpeshi yo mu 2003, mu gisagara ca Priština harabaye iteraniro ridasanzwe, rikaba ryitabwe n’abantu 252. Muri bo harimwo Abadagi, Abajitane, Abanyalubaniya, Abanyaserebiya, be n’Abataliyano. Insiguro y’ibatisimu irangiye, umushikirizansiguro yaciye abaza ibibazo bibiri. Abantu batatu barahagurutse baca bishura ego. Umwe yari Umunyalubaniya, uwundi akaba Umujitane, uwundi na we akaba yari Umunyaserebiya.

Igihe abo bantu batatu bari bagiye kubatizwa bavugira icarimwe umwe wese mu rurimi rwiwe bati: “Va!”, “Da!”, “Po!”, abariko barumviriza baciye bakoma amashi menshi cane. Abo batatu bari bagiye kubatizwa baciye bagwana mu nda. Baratoreye umuti ingorane zashinze imizi zishingiye ku moko zasinzikaje igihugu cabo.

[Ikarata ku rup. 17]

(Ushaka igisomwa cose, raba ico gitabu)

Ikiyaga Mediterane

UBUTALIYANO

ALUBANIYA

UBUGIRIKI

[Ifoto ku rup. 18]

Ivyabona bakiri bato barigana umwete w’ababakurira

[Ifoto ku rup. 18]

Areti Pina yarakoreye Yehova adahemuka kuva mu 1928 gushika apfuye mu 1994

[Ifoto ku rup. 19]

Uyu ni umugwi wa mbere w’abatsimvyi bava mu mahanga wari witavye ivyigwa bijanye n’ukwiga ururimi

[Abo dukesha ifoto ku rup. 16]

Inkukuma: © Brian K. Wheeler/VIREO