Igihe c’Akanyamuneza mu Bihugu vyo mu Karere ka Balkans

Hari mu 1922. Hari ikoraniro ryabereye mu gisagara ca Innsbruck, mu gihugu ca Otirishe ryagizwe n’Abatohoji ba Bibiliya b’Abanyamwete, ukwo akaba ari ko Ivyabona vya Yehova bitwa ico gihe. Mu bari bahari harimwo Franz Brand, umusore yava mu gisagara citwa Apatin mu karere ka Vojvodina, muri repubulika ya Serebiya. Igihe umushikirizansiguro yacisha mu kanwa izina ry’Imana, Yehova, isinzi ry’abantu baciye batangura gutera uruyogoyogo, bituma adashobora kubandanya, ku bw’ivyo ikoraniro rica rirahagarikwa. Yamara, ivyo Franz yumvise vyaramukoze ku mutima, hanyuma aca atangura kwamamaza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami. Izo zari intango zibayabaye mu vy’iterambere ry’ivy’impwemu rishimishije ryabaye muri kimwe mu bihugu vyo mu karere ka Balkans.

ABANTU benshi muri iki gihe, bumvise izina Yugosilaviya baca babona intambara be n’ivy’ukuyogeza inganda. Baca babona mu bwenge ibintu bibabaje vy’ubwicanyi buteye ubwoba, impunzi zihebuye, amazu yasambaguwe be n’impfuvyi zishwe n’umubabaro. Nta majambo ahari ashobora kudondora umubabaro wo mu mutima no ku mubiri be n’amagorwa vyatewe n’iyo ntambara yayogeje akarere ka Balkans ahanini gakikijwe n’ikiyaga, guhera mu 1991 gushika mu 1995, igakuraho icizigiro cose abantu bari bafise c’uko boshoboye kuzana kazoza karangwa isagamba n’itekane. Icavuye muri iyo ntambara ni uko abantu baba ahahoze hitwa Yugosilaviya bariko baranyinyana n’amagume ajanye n’ubutunzi be n’ubukene bw’agahomerabunwa.a

Kubera hari ugucumukura nk’ukwo, umuntu vyomugora kwitega kubona abantu bahimbawe muri ico gice c’isi. Ariko rero, naho vyoba bisa n’ibitangaje, abantu nk’abo bariho. Kukaba nkako, mwene abo bantu baragize umusi w’akanyamuneza kadasanzwe amaja mu mpera z’ikinjana ca 20. Franz Brand, wa musore twavuga mu ntango yagize uruhara gute muri uwo munezero?

Iterambere ryo mu vy’Impwemu mu Bihugu vyo mu Karere ka Balkans

Franz Brand yaranezerejwe n’ivyerekeye ukuri yari aherutse kwumva maze afata ingingo yuko ategerezwa gukwiragiza inkuru nziza. Yararonse akazi ko kuba kimyozi mu gisagara ca Maribor, akaba ari igisagara co muri Soloveniya kiri hafi y’urubibe ico gihugu gihana na Otirishe, maze atangura kuza arabwira inkuru nziza abakiriya biwe, akenshi abo bakaba baba bicaye bumviriza bitonze igihe bariko baramobwa. Icavuye muri utwo twigoro twiwe ni uko hahavuye haba umugwi mutoyi w’abamamaji b’Ubwami muri Maribor mu mpera z’imyaka y’1920. Insiguro zishingiye kuri Bibiliya zatangirwa muri resitora, iyahavuye mu nyuma yitwa mu buryo bukwiriye Resitora y’Amafi ya Novi Svet (y’Isi Nshasha).

Haheze igihe kinaka, inkuru nziza yarakwiragiye hirya no hino mu gihugu cose. Ya “Daramu y’Amafoto y’ivy’Irema” (iyerekanwa mu masaha umunani irimwo amasinema, amadiyapozitive, be n’amajwi yafashwe) yaragize uruhara ruhambaye muri ukwo gukwiragiza inkuru nziza. Maze mu myaka y’1930, aho Ivyabona vya Yehova bariko barahamwa bimwe bikaze mu Budagi, Ivyabona bo mu Bwami bwa Yugosilaviya barakomejwe n’umuzo w’abatsimvyi b’Abadagi bari bahunze igihugu cabo c’amavukiro. Kubera bari bashize ku ruhande ivyo kwidibamira no kwimerererwa neza, baragize utwigoro two gushika mu mihingo ya kure cane y’ico gihugu cuzuye imisozi kugira ngo bamamazeyo. Mu ntango, bisa n’uko abantu batakira cane ubutumwa bwabo. Mu ntango z’imyaka y’1940, abamamaji 150 gusa ni bo batanga raporo y’umurimo wo mu ndimiro.

Mu 1941, uruhamo rukaze rwaratanguye, rurabandanya gushika mu 1952. Ese ukuntu wabaye umunezero igihe amaherezo kw’igenekerezo ry’⁠9 Nyakanga 1953, Ivyabona vya Yehova bandikwa mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko mu gihe c’intwaro y’Abakominisita irongowe na Jenerali Tito! Muri uwo mwaka, hariho abamamaji b’inkuru nziza 914, kandi ico gitigiri caguma congerekana. Mu 1991, igitigiri c’abamamaji cari carongerekanye gushika ku 7.420, maze abitavye Icibutso baba 16.072 muri uwo mwaka.

Guhera kw’igenekerezo rya 16 gushika ku rya 18 Myandagaro 1991, ihwaniro mpuzamakungu rya mbere ryagizwe n’Ivyabona vya Yehova muri ico gihugu ryabereye mu gisagara ca Zagreb co muri Korowasiya. Abaryitavye bari 14.684, bakaba bari abavuye mu gihugu hagati n’abavuye mu bindi bihugu. Iryo hwaniro ry’intibagirwa ryarateguye abasavyi ba Yehova ku bw’ibigeragezo vyari bigiye gushika. Mu miduga yaciye ubwa nyuma kw’ibariyeri yo ku rubibe rugabura Korowasiya na Serebiya, harimwo amabisi atahanye Abaserebiya bari baje kw’ihwaniro. Ibisi ya nyuma imaze kurengana, urwo rubibe rwaciye rwugarwa maze intambara ica irantagura.

Abasavyi ba Yehova Barafise Imvo Zotuma Bagira Akanyamuneza

Imyaka intambara yamaze yabaye igihe c’ibigeragezo bikaze ku Vyabona vya Yehova bo mu bihugu vyo mu karere ka Balkans. Naho ari ukwo, barafise imvo zotuma bagira akanyamuneza, kubera Yehova yahezagiye abasavyi biwe b’aho hantu mu gutuma bagira iyongerekana ryiza igitangaza. Guhera mu 1991, igitigiri c’abamamaji b’Ubwami bo muri ako karere kahoze ari Yugosilaviya carongerekanye ibice birenga 80 kw’ijana. Mu mwaka w’umurimo w’2001 habaye igitigiri c’agaheta c’abamamaji 13.472.

Ibiro vyo muri Zagreb be no muri Belgrade (muri Serebiya) ni vyo vyari vyahoze vyitwararika igikorwa c’Ivyabona vya Yehova mu karere kose kahoze kagize Yugosilaviya. Kubera iyongerekana be n’amahinduka yo mu vya politike, vyarabaye nkenerwa ko bashiraho ibiro bishasha mu gisagara ca Ljubljana (muri Soloveniya), no mu ca Skopje (muri Makedoniya), ivyo biza vyiyongera ku biro bishasha vyabonetse i Belgrade be n’i Zagreb. Abantu nk’140 bariko bakorera muri ivyo biro. Benshi muri bo ni abakiri bato kandi buzuye umwete be n’urukundo bakunda Yehova. Abatari bake muri bo bakora mu vyo guhindura ibisohokayandikiro bifasha kwiga Bibiliya, mu Gikorowasiya, mu Giserebiya, mu Gisoloveniya no mu Kimakedoniya. Ese ukuntu bitera umunezero kubona vyinshi mu binyamakuru be n’ibisohokayandikiro vy’Ivyabona vya Yehova biboneka muri izo ndimi, bisohorerwa icarimwe n’ibisohorwa mu Congereza! Ivyo bisohokayandikiro birafasha abantu benshi kuronka impumurizo be n’icizigiro.

Iyindi mvo ituma bagira umunezero ni uko bashigikirwa mu buryo buzira ubwikunzi n’abantu benshi bakorera Imana mu gikorwa c’igihe cose bavuye mu bindi bihugu. Ingoro nziza z’Ubwami zitari nke zarubatswe muri iyi myaka ya vuba, bituma amashengero arushiriza kugira umunezero. Naho ari ukwo, bari mbere biteze ikindi gihe kirushirije kuba ic’umunezero. Ico gihe cobaye nyabaki?

Umugambi Udasanzwe

Abamamaji benshi akenshi wasanga bibaza bati: ‘Twoba tuzokwigera turonka ya mpinduro y’isi nshasha Traduction du monde nouveau mu rurimi rwacu?’ Uko umwaka utashe wasanga baguma biteganye igishika kwumva itangazo rivuga ivy’ico kintu kw’ihwaniro ry’intara. Yamara rero, umugambi ukomeye nk’uwo wotanguye gute, n’ukuntu imigwi y’abahinduzi bo muri izo ndimi hari haciye imyaka mikeyi gusa itanguye kandi hakaba hari n’abahinduzi bakeyi ugereranije?

Inama Nyobozi imaze kwicarira ico kibazo, yaremeye umugambi wo gukorera hamwe, aho umugwi w’ubuhinduzi w’Igikorowasiya, w’Igiserebiya be n’uw’ Ikimakedoniya yofashanije cane, maze gutyo umugwi umwe wose ukungukira ku gikorwa c’uwundi no ku vyiyumviro utanga. Umugwi w’ubuhinduzi w’Igikorowasiya ni wo wogiye imbere.

Umusi w’Akanyamuneza

Ivyabona vya Yehova bo mu bihugu vyo mu karere ka Balkans ntibazokwigera bibagira igenekerezo rya 23 Mukakaro 1999. Urukurikirane rw’Amahwaniro y’Intara yataziriwe ngo “Ijambo ry’Ubuhanuzi ry’Imana” yategerezwa kubera icarimwe i Belgrade, i Sarajevo (Bosiniya-Herezegovine), i Skopje n’i Zagreb. Haraheze igihe kinaka batazi nimba ihwaniro rishobora kuba i Belgrade, kubera yuko mu gihe ca vya bibombe vyaterwa n’Ishirahamwe OTAN, ata koraniro na rimwe ryemererwa kugirwa. Ese ukuntu abavukanyi bahimbawe igihe bamenya ko bishoboka ko bakoranira hamwe inyuma y’amezi menshi yari ahaciye bakekeranya! Ariko rero, ivyabaye vyari birengeye ivyo bari biteze.

Ku wa Gatanu ku muhingamo, itangazo ridasanzwe ryarashikirijwe mu bisagara bine vyose vyabereyemwo ihwaniro. Abantu 13.497 baryitavye bari biteze mu gacerere ivyari bigiye kuza. Igihe umushikirizansiguro amaherezo yasohora ya mpinduro Écritures grecques chrétiennes ​— Traduction du monde nouveau mu Gikorowasiya no mu Giserebiya maze akabwira abumviriza yuko ubuhinduzi bw’iyo Bibiliya mu Kimakedoniya buriko buratera imbere neza, abari ngaho vyarabankiye kwigumya. Amashi yakomwe nk’umuturagaro yatumye umushikirizansiguro adashobora kurangiza iryo tangazo. Kw’ihwaniro ryabereye i Sarajevo, abumviriza bose baciye baja mu gacerere ubwo nyene, kubera ugutangara cane. Ako gacerere kakurikiwe n’amashi adahera. I Belgrage, abantu benshi barakoroye amosozi y’umunezero, umushikirizansiguro amashi akaza aramuciramwo atarasozera iryo tangazo. Ese ukuntu umuntu wese yari ahimbawe cane!

Iyo ngabirano yari iy’agaciro birushirije kubera yuko Ivyabona vya Yehova bari barahawe uburenganzira bwo gucapura impinduro ya Bibiliya yo mu Gikorowasiya be n’iyo mu Giserebiya. Ni co gituma, muri izo ndimi zibiri impinduro Écritures grecques chrétiennes ​— Traduction du monde nouveau yagiye icapurwa ifatanijwe n’impinduro bari basanganywe y’Ivyanditswe vy’Igiheburayo yo muri izo ndimi. Ikigeretseko, Bibiliya yo mu Giserebiya yacapuwe mu nyuguti zimeze nk’izi dukoresha, no mu nyuguti zo mu rurimi rwabo.

Mu gukenguruka ku bw’iyo mihezagiro yose no ku bw’ubuyobozi baronse, abasavyi ba Yehova bo mu bihugu vyo mu karere ka Balkans baremera koko amajambo ya Dawidi agira ati: “Mbere naho noca mu mwonga w’igitūtu c’urupfu sinzogira ikibi ntinya; kuk[o wewe Yehova] uri kumwe nanje.” Naho babandanya gushikirwa n’ayo magume yose, bariyemeje gutuma ‘umunezero wa Yehova uba inkomezi zabo.’​—Zaburi 23:4; Nehemiya 8:10.

[Akajambo k’epfo]

[Ifoto ku rup. 20]

Umugwi wa mbere w’abamamaji w’i Maribor muri Soloveniya, waramamaza gushika mu vyibare vya kure