Igitabu wokwizigira​—Igice ca 2

Ashuri mu nkuru ya kahise ivugwa muri Bibiliya

Iki ni ikiganiro kigira kabiri muri rwa rukurikirane rw’ibiganiro indwi bizoza birasohoka mu nomero zikurikirana za “Be maso!”, bino bikaba bica irya n’ino za nganji nganzasi indwi zivugwa mu nkuru ya kahise dusanga muri Bibiliya. Intumbero yavyo ni iyo kwerekana yuko Bibiliya ari iyo kwizigirwa, ko yahumetswe n’Imana be n’uko ubutumwa buri muri yo butuma umuntu yizigira ko imibabaro iterwa no kuba umuntu ategeka mugenziwe mu buryo buranga ubunyamaswa izokurwaho.

IGIHE abantu bo mu karere ka kera k’ibihugu vy’Abarabu baba babwiwe gusa ivyerekeye Ashuri, bishobora kuba vyarabarandura umutima. Nk’uko igitabu ca Bibiliya ca Yona kibivuga, igihe Imana yashinga uwo muhanuzi igikorwa co kwamamaza ubutumwa bwerekeye urubanza ku murwa mukuru wa Ashuri ari wo Ninewe, yaciye ahungira mu kandi karere! (Yona 1:1-3) Ivyo ashobora kuba yabigize kubera ko Abashuri bari bazwi ko bateye ubwoba.

Inkuru ya kahise yo kwizigirwa

Umuhanuzi avugwa muri Bibiliya ari we Nahumu yadondoye Ninewe ko ari “ubutaho bw’intambwe” n’“igisagara gisesa amaraso.” Yongeyeko ati: “Ntiyigera abura ico acakira! Hari ijwi ry’ikimoko n’ijwi ry’ukujegera kw’ikurudumu, n’ifarasi yirasa, n’umukogote usimbasimba, uwugendera kw’ifarasi, n’urubeya rw’inkota, n’ukuravya kw’icumu n’abagandaguwe isinzi, n’ikirundo kinini c’abapfuye; imivyimba ntigira uko ingana. Baguma batsitagurika mu mivyimba yabo.” (Nahumu 2:11; 3:1-3) Inkuru ya kahise itari iyo muri Bibiliya yoba none ishigikira ukwo kuntu Bibiliya idondora Ashuri ya kera?

Igitabu kimwe (Light From the Ancient Past) kivuga ko Ashuri “yatinywa cane kubera yari izwi yuko ari ruburakigongwe ikaba kandi yararoranirwa igihe yaba iteye abansi bayo.” Amajambo akurikira arerekana ukuntu umwami umwe w’Umwashuri ari we Asurunasiripali wa kabiri yavuze yigamba ibijanye n’ukuntu yafata abamurwanya:

“Narubaka inkingi imbere y’irembo ry’igisagara ciwe, ngashishura inkoba z’abakuru bose baba bagararije, maze nya nkingi nkayipfukisha inkoba zabo; bamwe narabatungira kuri iyo nkingi, abandi nkabamanika ku biti kuri nya nkingi, . . . kandi naraca amaguru n’amaboko vy’abasoda, vy’abasoda b’umwami baba bagararije. . . . Abantu benshi baba bafashwe muri bo narabaturira, abandi benshi na bo nkabatwara kubagira imbohe.” Igihe abacukuzi bacukura ahahora ibirimba vy’abami b’Abashuri, basanze impome zavyo zisharijwe n’amashusho yerekana ibintu biteye ikinya vyagirirwa imbohe.

Mu mwaka wa 740 B.G.C., Ashuri yarigaruriye Samariya, umurwa mukuru wa bwa bwami bwa Isirayeli bwo mu buraruko, maze itwara abantu baho mu bunyagano. Haciye imyaka umunani, Ashuri yarateye Yuda.a (2 Abami 18:13) Umwami wa Ashuri Senakeribu yarasavye Umwami wa Yuda Hezekiya ikibuguro c’italanto 30 z’inzahabu be n’italanto 300 z’ifeza. Inkuru yo muri Bibiliya ivuga yuko ico kibuguro catanzwe. Ariko rero, ico nticabujije ko Senakeribu ashimika avuga yuko umurwa mukuru wa Yuda ari wo Yeruzalemu na wo nyene wishikana kuri we ata co urinze gusaba.—2 Abami 18:9-17, 28-31.

I Ninewe abacukuzi barubuye inkuru ivuga ivyo bintu nyene mu nkuru zerekeye Senakeribu. Muri ico gisomwa, icanditswe ku kibumbano gifise impande zitandatu zingana, uwo mwami wa Ashuri yigamvye ati: “Nayo Hezekiya wa Muyuda, ntiyemeye kwikorera ingǒgo yanje; narasugereje ibisagara bikomakomeye vyiwe 46, ibibanza bikikujwe impome be n’ibigwati bitobito bidaharurika vyari mu micungararo yaho, maze nda[vyi]garurira . . . [Hezekiya] ubwiwe naramupfungiye i Yeruzalemu, ku kirimba ciwe, nk’inyoni iri mu kazu kayo.” Senakeribu aca avuga yuko ngo Hezekiya yamurungikiye “italanto 30 z’inzahabu, italanto 800 z’ifeza, amabuye y’agaciro, . . . [n’]ubutunzi bw’ubwoko bwose,” akongereza igitigiri c’italanto z’ifeza yaronse koko.

Ariko rero, urabona yuko Senakeribu atavuga yuko yigaruriye Yeruzalemu. Nkako, nta kintu na kimwe avuga ku kuntu ingabo ziwe zatsinzwe bimwe bikomeye bitumwe n’uko Imana yahaserutse. Nk’uko Bibiliya ibivuga, umumarayika w’Imana yarishe abasoda b’Abashuri 185.000 mw’ijoro rimwe. (2 Abami 19:35, 36) Incabwenge imwe yitwa Jack Finegan ivuga iti: “Ariko rero, uravye ukuntu mu vyandikano vy’abami b’Abashuri usanga muri rusangi havugwamwo amajambo yo kwigamba, biragoye kwitega yuko Senakeribu yokwanditse ugutsindwa nk’ukwo.”

Ubuhanuzi bwo kwizigirwa

Hagisigaye nk’imyaka ijana ngo Inganji ya Ashuri itembe, Yesaya yamenyesheje yuko Yehova Imana yogize ico abaza abo bantu bigaruriye ibihugu b’abanyabwibone kubera ko batasoneye abasavyi biwe. Yehova yavuze ati: “Nzogira ico mbaza ku bw’ivyamwa vy’ukutisonera kw’umutima w’umwami wa Ashuri, no ku bw’ukwibona ubuhambare kw’amaso yiwe yishira hejuru.” (Yesaya 10:12) Vyongeye, Nahumu umuhanuzi w’Imana yari yaravuze yuko Ninewe yosahuwe, ko amarembo yayo yokwugururiwe abansi bayo, be n’uko abarinzi bayo bohunze. (Nahumu 2:8, 9; 3:7, 13, 17, 19) Umuhanuzi avugwa muri Bibiliya ari we Zefaniya yanditse ko ico gisagara cocitse “igiharabuga.”—Zefaniya 2:13-15.

Ubwo buhanuzi bwavuga ibijanye no gutikiza iyo nganji bwarangutse mu 632 B.G.C., igihe Ninewe yatikizwa n’ingabo z’Abanyababiloni ziri kumwe n’ingabo z’Abamedi, ivyo bikaba vyatumye Inganji y’Abashuri igira iherezo ry’akamaramaza. Inkuru y’Abanyababiloni yerekeye ico kintu cabaye ivuga yuko abo bene kwigarurira iyo nganji “batwaye iminyago myinshi cane yo mu gisagara no mu rusengero” maze Ninewe bayigira “ikirundo c’ibihomvagurike.” Muri iki gihe ahahora Ninewe, ubu hakaba ari igiharabuga, harangwa ibirundo vy’ibihomvagurike ku nkengera yo mu buseruko y’Uruzi Tigiri, aharabana n’igisagara ca Mossoul, muri Iraki.

Ugutikizwa kwa Ashuri kwaratumye kandi haranguka ubundi buhanuzi bwo muri Bibiliya. Imbere y’aho, ni ukuvuga mu 740 B.G.C., Ashuri yaratwaye mu bunyagano bwa bwami bwari bugizwe n’imiryango icumi. Nko muri ico gihe nyene Ashuri yagiriyemwo ico kintu, Yesaya umuhanuzi w’Imana yari yaravuze yuko Yehova ‘yovunye Umwashuri,’ ‘akamuhonyangira hasi,’ maze akagarukana Isirayeli mu gihugu cayo c’amavukiro. Yesaya yanditse ati: “Amasigarira y’abantu biwe bazoba basigaye, bavuye muri Ashuri . . . , [Imana i]zobegeranya.” Ivyo ni vyo neza na neza vyashitse, haciye nk’imyaka amajana abiri!—Yesaya 11:11, 12; 14:25.

Umuhango ushobora kwizigira

Hagisigaye igihe kirekire ngo Ninewe itembe, igihe abami baho bari bakirandura imitima abansi babo, Yesaya yari yaravuze ko hoje umutware atandukanye cane n’abo bami. Yanditse ati: “Hari umwana atuvukiye, hari umuhungu duhawe; ubutware bwa kiganwa buzoba ku rutugu rwiwe. Kandi izina azokwitwa ni . . . Umuganwa w’amahoro. Ukugwira kw’ubutware bwa kiganwa be n’amahoro ntibizogira iherezo, ku ntebe y’ubwami ya Dawidi no ku bwami bwiwe, kugira ngo bushimangirwe no kugira ngo bushigikizwe ubutungane n’ubugororotsi, kuva ubu no gushika igihe kitagira urugero. Umwete nyene wa Yehova nyen’ingabo uzobikora.”—Yesaya 9:6, 7.

Uwo “Muganwa w’amahoro” ari we Yezu Kristu azotegeka isi yose. Muri Zaburi 72:7, 8 havuga hati: “Mu misi yiwe umugororotsi azonaga, kandi hazobaho amahoro menshi gushika ukwezi kutakiriho. Azogira abatwarwa kuva ku kiyaga gushika ku kindi, no kuva kuri rwa Ruzi [Efurate] gushika ku mpera z’isi.”

Yehova Imana abicishije kuri uwo “Muganwa w’amahoro” w’umunyabubasha azoshitsa umuhango dusanga muri Zaburi 46:8, 9 ugira uti: “Nimuze, mwitegereze ibikorwa vya Yehova, ingene yakoze ibintu vy’akajoreza kw’isi. Ahagarika intambara gushika ku mpera y’isi. Umuheto aravunagura, emwe, icumu agahimbagura; imikogote ayituririra mu muriro.”

Imbere y’uko ubwo buhanuzi bwo muri Bibiliya buranguka, Ivyabona vya Yehova bariko baragira uruhara muri porogarama yo kwigisha Bibiliya, bakigisha abantu inzira z’amahoro, nk’uko Yezu yabigira. Nkako, Imana ni yo izoshitsa ubuhanuzi bwo muri Bibiliya dusanga muri Yesaya 2:4, si umuntu azobushitsa. Ubwo buhanuzi bugira buti: “Inkota zabo bazobwirizwa kuzicuramwo ibirimisho, n’amacumu yabo bayacuremwo imihoro yo gututūra. Nta hanga rizobangurira inkota irindi hanga, eka ntibazokwongera kwiga kurwana.” Igihushanye n’ivyo, muri iki gihe isi be n’abatware bayo barakoresha amahera amamiliyaridi adaharurika ku mwaka mu bikorwa vya gisirikare!

Inkuru ya kahise be n’ubuhanuzi bitagiramwo amakosa biratuma Bibiliya iba igitabu ata ho gisa gisana n’ibindi, ivyo bikaba vyereka abarondera ukuri babikuye ku mutima yuko vy’ukuri ari igitabu dukwiye kwizigira. Mu kiganiro gikurikira muri uru rukurikirane rw’ibiganiro, tuzoca irya n’ino ibijanye na Babiloni ya kera, ino ikaba yari umugwa mukuru w’inganji ikomeye igira gatatu ivugwa mu nkuru ya kahise dusanga muri Bibiliya.

[Akajambo k’epfo]

[Ikarata ku rup. 28]

(For fully formatted text, see publication)

INGANJI YA ASHURI

UBUMEDI

ASHURI

Korosabadi

Ninewe

Kala

Ashuri

Babiloni

Tigiri

Efurate

Ikiyaga Mediterane (Ikiyaga Kinini)

Samariya

Yeruzalemu

MISIRI

[Ifoto ku rup. 28]

Ibishusho amahero bimeze nk’impfizi z’inka zifise amababa be n’umutwe nk’uw’umuntu wasanga biri ku birimba vy’abami b’Abashuri

[Ifoto ku rup. 29]

Ikibumbano kiriko ivyo Senakeribu yavuze yigamba ko yateye Yuda

[Ifoto ku rup. 28, 29]

Ibuye ririko igicapo c’abanyororo bariko barakurwako urukoba ari bazima

[Abo dukesha amafoto ku rup. 29]

Rup. 28, haruguru, uko inganji zakurikiranye: Igicapo c’Abanyamisiri ku ruhome n’umutwe wa Nero: Amafoto dukesha British Museum; igicapo c’Abaperesi ku ruhome: Musée du Louvre, Paris; hepfo, igishusho c’impfizi y’amababa na rup. 29, vyompi: Amafoto dukesha British Museum