Lingaliro la Baibulo

Kodi Mariya ndi “Amayi wa Mulungu”?

“AMAYI WA MULUNGU, CHONDE TITETEZERENI MWA ZIFUNDO ZANU MUSAKANE MAPEMBEDZERO ATHU POSOŴA IFE KOMA MUTIPULUMUTSE PA CHILANGO CHOSATHA, INU WODALA NOKHANU.”

PEMPHERO limeneli limafotokoza malingaliro a mamiliyoni a amuna ndi akazi odzipereka kwa Mariya, amayi wa Yesu Kristu. Kwa iwo iye ali amayi wachifundo amene angawalankhulire kwa Mulungu ndipo mwa njira ina kumchititsa kufeŵetsa ziweruzo zake kwa iwo.

Komabe, kodi Mariya alidi “Amayi wa Mulungu”?

Mariya—“Woyanjidwa Kwambiri” ndi Mulungu

Mosakayikira Mariya anali “woyanjidwa kwambiri”—woyanjidwadi kwambiri kuposa mkazi wina aliyense amene anakhalako. (Luka 1:28, The Jerusalem Bible) Mngelo Gabrieli anaonekera kwa iye ndi kufotokoza mwaŵi umene adzakhala nawo. “Mvetsera!” ananena motero. “Udzakhala ndi pakati nudzabala mwana wamwamuna, uyenera kudzamutcha kuti Yesu. Iye adzakhala wamkulu, nadzachedwa Mwana wa Wammwambamwamba.” Kodi chozizwitsa chimenechi chikakhala bwanji chotheka? Gabrieli anapitiriza kuti: “Mzimu Woyera adzafika pa iwe, ndi mphamvu ya Wammwambamwamba idzakuphimba iwe. Ndipo mwanayo adzakhala woyera ndipo adzatchedwa Mwana wa Mulungu.”—Luka 1:31, 32, 35, JB.

“‘Ndine kapolo wa Ambuye,’ anatero Mariya, ‘zomwe mwanenazo zichitike kwa ine.’” (Luka 1:38, JB) Motero Mariya anavomereza chitsogozo chaumulungu chimenechi modzichepetsa ndipo panthaŵi yake anabala Yesu.

Komabe, mkati mwa zaka mazana ambiri zotsatirapo omlambira anamkweza kuchokera pa kukhala “mdzakazi wa Ambuye” kufika pa kukhala “mayi ndi mfumukazi” wokhala ndi chisonkhezero chachikulu kumwamba. Atsogoleri achipembedzo anamlengeza kukhala “Amayi wa Mulungu” mu 431 C.E. pa Council of Ephesus. Kodi nchiyani chinayambitsa kusintha kumeneku? Papa John Paul II akufotokoza chochititsa chimodzi kuti: “Kudzipereka koona kulinga kwa Amayi wa Mulungu . . . nkozikidwa kwambiri pa Chinsinsi cha Utatu Woyera.”—Crossing the Threshold of Hope.

Motero, kuvomereza Mariya monga “Amayi wa Mulungu” kumadalira pa kukhulupirira Utatu. Komabe, kodi Utatu nchiphunzitso cha Baibulo?a Chonde, pendani zimene mtumwi Petro analemba m’Baibulo. Iye anachenjeza kuti “aphunzitsi onama . . . adzaloŵetsa mwamachenjera ziphunzitso zopatutsa [ndipo] adzayesa kukulimaninso pamsana ndi zigomeko zawo zonyenga.” (2 Petro 2:1, 3 The New Testament in Modern English, yotembenuzidwa ndi J.B. Phillips) Chiphunzitso chimodzi chopatutsa chotero ndicho cha Utatu. Pamene chimenecho chinavomerezedwa, lingaliro lakuti Mariya anali “Amayi wa Mulungu” (Chigiriki: Theotokos, kutanthauza “Wobala-Mulungu”) linakhala lanzeru. M’buku lake lakuti The Virgin, Geoffrey Ashe akunena kuti “ngati Kristu anali Mulungu, Munthu Wachiŵiri mu Utatu,” monga mmene Okhulupirira Utatu ananenera, “ndiye kuti pamene anaonekera monga munthu amayi wake anali Amayi wa Mulungu.”

Ngati Yesu ali “Mulungu wathunthu ndi wokwana,” monga mmene Catechism of the Catholic Church yatsopano imanenera, ndiye kuti Mariya moyenerera ayenera kutchedwa “Amayi a Mulungu.” Komabe, muyenera kudziŵa kuti Okhulupirira Utatu ambiri anaona kuvomereza chiphunzitsochi kukhala chinthu chovuta poyamba pamene chinasankhidwa—monga mmene Aprotesitanti Okhulupirira Utatu amachitira lerolino. Icho chatchedwa “kudzipereka kotsutsa, ‘iye amene kumwamba kunamchepera anakwanira m’mimba.’” (The Virgin)—Yerekezerani ndi 1 Mafumu 8:27.

Koma kodi Yesu Kristu ndiyedi “Mulungu wathunthu ndi wokwana”? Ayi, iye sananenepo zimenezo. M’malo mwake, iye nthaŵi zonse ananena za malo ake apansi kwa a Atate wake.—Onani Mateyu 26:39; Marko 13:32; Yohane 14:28; 1 Akorinto 15:27, 28.

‘Kulambira m’Njira Yoyenera Anthu Olingalira’

Komabe, Baibulo limalimbikitsa Akristu kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu yawo yakulingalira polambira. Sitimapemphedwa kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro chosaona chinthu chimene chaphimbidwa monga chinsinsi. M’malo mwake, akutero mtumwi Paulo, tiyenera ‘kulambira m’njira yoyenera anthu olingalira.’—Aroma 12:1, JB.

“Sanatilimbikitse kuganiza za nkhaniyo,” akutero Anne, amene analeredwa monga m’Katolika. “Sitinaikayikirepo. Tinangokhulupirira kuti Yesu anali Mulungu, motero Mariya anali ‘Amayi wa Mulungu’—chinali chinthu chachilendo kwambiri!” Kumbukirani kuti, Catechism of the Catholic Church imanena kuti aliyense wa “Umodzi waumulungu” ndi “Mulungu wathunthu ndi wokwana.” Imanena kuti palibe milungu itatu yosiyana. Motero, kodi tiyenera kukhulupirira kuti pamene maselo amoyo m’mimba mwa Mariya anagaŵanikana mobwerezabwereza, “Mulungu wathunthu ndi wokwana” anali mu mluza umene mkati mwa mwezi woyamba wa pakati pake unakula muutali wake mosapyola pa mbali imodzi mwa zinayi za inchi ndipo unali chabe ndi maso ndi makutu osakhwima?

Kumbukirani kuti mngelo Gabrieli anauza Mariya kuti mwana wake adzatchedwa “Mwana wa Wammwambamwamba” ndi “Mwana wa Mulungu,” osati “Mulungu Mwana.” Kwenikweni, ngati Yesu anali Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse, kodi nchifukwa ninji mngelo Gabrieli sanagwiritsire ntchito mawu amodzimodziwo amene Okhulupirira Utatu amagwiritsira ntchito lerolino—“Mulungu Mwana”? Gabrieli sanagwiritsire ntchito mawu amenewo chifukwa chiphunzitsocho sichimapezeka m’Baibulo.

Zoona, kumvetsa kwathu ntchito za Mulungu kuli ndi polekezera. Koma kumvetsa bwino Malemba kumatithandiza kukhulupirira kuti Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse, Mlengi wa zamoyo zonse, anali ndi mphamvu za kusamutsa mozizwitsa moyo wa Mwana wake wokondedwa, Yesu Kristu, kupita m’mimba mwa Mariya ndi kutetezera kukula kwake ndi mphamvu Yake yogwira ntchito, kapena mzimu woyera, mpaka pamene Mariya anadzakhala amayi wa Yesu—Mwana wa Mulungu.

Inde, Mariya anadalitsidwa kwakukulu monga amayi wa uyo amene anadzakhala Kristu. Sikuli kumchitira chipongwe kuvomereza kuti chiphunzitso chomveka bwino cha Baibulo—kuphatikizapo mbiri ya kudzichepetsa kwa Mariyako—chimatsutsa kumpatsa dzina lakuti “Amayi wa Mulungu.”

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 30]

Museo del Prado, Madrid