Kodi Mbiri Yabaibulo Njolongosoka Motani?

“NDINENA zowona, wosanama ine,” anatero wolemba Baibulo kwa bwenzi lake lachichepere. (1 Timoteo 2:7) Mawu onga amenewo opezeka m’makalata a Paulo amapereka vuto kwa osuliza Baibulo.a Zaka zoposa 1,900 zapitapo kuyambira pamene makalata a Paulo analembedwa. Pambuyo pa nthaŵi yonseyo, palibe ndi mmodzi yemwe amene anasonyeza ndi kutsimikizira mwachipambano mfundo imodzi yosalongosoka m’makalata ake.

Wolemba Baibulo Luka analinso wosamala kwambiri ndi kulongosoka. Iye analemba mbiri ya moyo ndi utumiki wa Yesu imene inatsatiridwa ndi mbiri yake yotchedwa Machitidwe a Atumwi. “Ndinalondalonda mosamalitsa zinthu zonse kuyambira pachiyambi,” analemba motero Luka.​—Luka 1:3.

Maumboni a Kulongosoka

Osuliza Baibulo a m’zaka za zana la 19 anatsutsa kulondola kwa Luka monga wolemba mbiri. Ndiponso, iwo ananena kuti mbiri ya m’Machitidwe inapekedwa pakati pa zaka za zana lachiŵiri C.E. Katswiri wofukula za m’mabwinja wa ku Britain Bwana William Mitchell Ramsay anali mmodzi amene anakhulupirira zimenezi. Koma pambuyo pofufuza maina ndi malo otchulidwa ndi Luka, iye anavomereza kulakwa kwake nati: “M’kupita kwanthaŵi ndinadzakhulupirira kuti maumboni osiyanasiyana a nkhaniyo anasonyeza chowonadi chodabwitsa.”

Pamene Ramsay analemba zapamwambazi, nkhani yokhudza kulondola kwa Luka inali isanathetsedwe. Inakhudza mizinda yoyandikana kwambiri ya Ikoniyo, Lustra, ndi Derbe. Luka anasonyeza kuti Ikoniyo anali wosiyana ndi Lustra ndi Derbe, akumafotokoza mizinda yomalizirayo monga “midzi ya Lukaoniya.” (Machitidwe 14:6) Komabe, monga momwe mapuwo akusonyezera, Lustra anali woyandikana kwambiri ndi Ikoniyo osati Derbe. Olemba mbiri amakedzana anafotokoza Ikoniyo kukhala mbali ya Lukaoniya; chifukwa chake, osuliza anatsutsa Luka chifukwa chosanena zimenezo.

Ndiyeno, mu 1910, Ramsay anatulukira chikumbutso cholembedwapo m’mabwinja a Ikoniyo chosonyeza kuti chinenero cha mzinda umenewo chinali Chifrugiya ndipo osati Chilukaoniya. “Unyinji wa zolembedwa zina za ku Ikoniyo ndi malo ake apafupi zimatsimikizira mfundo yakuti ponena za fuko mzindawo ukanalongosoledwa monga wa Chifrugiya,” akutero Dr. Merrill Unger m’buku lake lakuti Archaeology and the New Testament. Ndithudi, Ikoniyo wa m’tsiku la Paulo anali ndi njira yakakhalidwe ya ku Frugiya ndipo anali wosiyana ndi “midzi ya Lukaoniya,” kumene anthu analankhula “chinenero cha Lukaoniya.”​—Machitidwe 14:6, 11.

Osuliza Baibulo anatsutsanso kugwiritsira ntchito kwa Luka liwu lakuti “politarchs” pa olamulira a mzinda wa Tesalonika. (Machitidwe 17:6, NW, mawu amtsinde) Liwu limeneli linali losadziŵika m’mabuku Achigiriki. Ndiyeno chipupa chonga uta chapachipata chinapezedwa mumzinda wakalewo chokhala ndi maina a olamulira a mzindawo ofotokozedwa monga “politarchs”​—liwu lenilenilo logwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi Luka. “Kulongosoka kwa mbiri ya Luka kwatsimikiziridwa ndi kugwiritsira ntchito liwulo,” akufotokoza motero W. E. Vine m’buku lake lakuti Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words.

Ulendo Wapanyanja wa Luka

Akatswiri odziŵa za zombo zapamadzi anasanthula maumboni a kusweka kwa chombo kofotokozedwa m’Machitidwe chaputala 27. Malinga ndi kunena kwa Luka, chombo chachikulu chimene Paulo ndi iyeyo anakwera chinakumana ndi mphepo ya namondwe yowomba kuchokera kumpoto koma chakum’mawa pafupi ndi chisumbu chaching’ono cha Kauda, ndipo amalinyero anachita mantha kuti adzakankhidwira kumiulu yamchenga yowopsa yobisika ndimadzi pafupi ndi gombe lakumpoto la Afirika. (Machitidwe 27:14, 17, NW, mawu amtsinde) Mwaluso laumalinyero, iwo anakhoza kuyendetsa ngalaŵayo kuchoka ku Afirika kudzera njira yakumadzulo. Mphepo yanamondweyo inapitiriza osaleka, ndipo pomalizira pake chombocho chinakocheza pafupi ndi gombe la chisumbu cha Melita, pokhala chitayenda mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 870. Akatswiri odziŵa za zombo zapamadzi amalingalira kuti kungatengere chombo chachikulu choyenda m’mphepo yanamondwe masiku oposa 13 kuti chiyende mtunda wautali motero. Kulingalira kwawo kumagwirizana ndi cholembedwa cha Luka, chimene chimanena kuti kusweka kwa chomboko kunachitika tsiku lachi 14. (Machitidwe 27:27, 33, 39, 41) Pambuyo pofufuza maumboni onse onena za ulendo wapanyanja wa Luka, katswiri wopalasa ngalaŵa James Smith anagomeka kuti: “Ndinkhani ya zochitika zenizeni, zolembedwa ndi munthu yemwe analipodi . . . Palibe munthu yemwe simmalinyero amene akanalemba nkhani ya ulendo wapanyanja yolongosoka motero m’mbali zake zonse, kusiyapo kokha ngati anawonadi zochitikazo.”

Chifukwa cha zopezedwa zimenezo, akatswiri amaphunziro azaumulungu ena ngofunitsitsa kuchilikiza Malemba Achikristu Achigiriki monga mbiri yolongosoka. Koma bwanji za mbiri yoyambirira yopezeka m’Malemba Achihebri? Atsogoleri achipembedzo ambiri amagonja ku nthanthi zamakono ndi kunena kuti mbali imeneyi ili nthano chabe. Komabe, maumboni ochuluka a mbiri yoyambirira ya Baibulo atsimikiziridwanso, ndipo zachititsa manyazi osuliza. Mwachitsanzo, talingalirani za kutulukiridwa kwa ufumu wa Asuri womwe panthaŵi ina unaiwalidwa.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mapu patsamba 3]

(Onani m’magazini yeniyeni kuti mumvetse izi)

FRUGIYA

LUKAONIYA

Ikoniyo

Lustra

Derbe

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

KUPRO