Shin da Gaske ne Cewa Ibrahim Yana da Raƙuma?

RAƘUMA suna cikin dabbobi na gida da Fir’auna ya ba Ibrahim, in ji Littafi Mai Tsarki. (Far. 12:16) Sa’ad da bawan Ibrahim ya yi tafiya mai nisa zuwa Mesopotamiya ya je da “raƙuma goma daga cikin raƙuman ubangidansa.” Saboda haka, Littafi Mai Tsarki ya faɗi sarai cewa Ibrahim yana da raƙuma a misalin shekaru 4,000 da suka shige.—Far. 24:10.

Wasu ba su yarda da wannan ba. Littafin nan New International Version Archaeological Study Bible ya ce: “Masana sun faɗi cewa wannan bayani game da raƙuma ba daidai ba ne bisa tarihi domin yawanci sun gaskata cewa ba a yin amfani da waɗannan dabbobi a gida sai aƙalla shekara ta 1200 K.Z., shekaru da yawa bayan zamanin Ibrahim.” Saboda haka, za a ɗauki bayanin Littafi Mai Tsarki game da raƙuma a zamanin dā kamar ƙage domin ba a yin amfani da raƙuma a wannan hanyar a lokatan da aka ambata a cikin waɗannan labaran Littafi Mai Tsarki.

Amma, wasu masana sun yi musu cewa ko da yake yin amfani da raƙuma a matsayin dabbobin gida ya kasance da muhimmanci a misalin shekaru 3,000 da suka shige, hakan ba ya nufin cewa ba a yin amfani da raƙuma a dā. Littafin nan Civilizations of the Ancient Near East ya ce: “Bincike da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa an yi amfani da raƙumi a matsayin dabbar gida a kudu maso gabashin Arabiya fiye da shekaru 4,000 da suka shige. Da farko ana kiwonsu wataƙila don madara da gashi da fata da kuma nama amma ba da daɗewa ba mutane suka fahimci cewa suna iya yin amfani da raƙuma don ɗaukan kaya.” Kamar dai wasu ƙasusuwa da wasu tone-tone na dā da suka rage sun nuna cewa ana amfani da raƙuma kafin zamanin Ibrahim.

Da akwai rubuce-rubuce ma da suka nuna hakan. Wannan aikin bincike ya ce: “A Mesopotamiya, tsarin allon laka ya ambata dabbar nan [raƙumi] da kuma alamomi da yawa da sun nuna hakan, hakan ya kuma nuna cewa mai yiwuwa dabbar ta kai Mesopotamiya a misalin shekaru 4,000 da suka shige,” wato a zamanin Ibrahim.

Wasu masana sun gaskata cewa attajirai na Kudancin Arabiya da suke kasuwancin turaren wuta sun yi amfani da raƙuma don su kai kayayyakinsu zuwa arewa ta wurin bin hamada, suna zuwa wurare kamar ƙasar Masar da Suriya kuma ta hakan sun sa mutanen waɗannan wuraren su san da raƙuma. Wataƙila ana wannan kasuwanci a ko’ina tun farkon shekara ta 2000 K.Z. Abin farin ciki, littafin Farawa 37:25-28 ya ambata attajiran Isma’ilawa waɗanda suka yi amfani da raƙuma don su kai turaren wuta zuwa ƙasar Masar a misalin shekara ɗari bayan zamanin Ibrahim.

Wataƙila ba a yin amfani da raƙuma a ko’ina a Gabas ta Tsakiya na dā a misalin shekaru 4,000 da suka shige, amma alamu sun nuna cewa an ɗan san game da su. Littafin nan The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia ya ce: “Tun da yake akwai alamun tone-tonen ƙasa da suka nuna cewa an yi amfani da raƙuma a matsayin dabbobin gida kafin zamanin Ibrahim, bai dace ba a ɗauki labaran Littafi Mai Tsarki na cewa an yi amfani da raƙuma a matsayin ƙage.”