Jwetri ni Jɛ Mizraim Jwɛi ni Abua Naa Ashwie Shi Mli
ANI obaakpa gbɛ akɛ obaana Biblia mli woji ni akɛ niji eŋmala ni jara wa waa lɛ yɛ jwɛi ni abua naa ashwie shi mli? Ana yɛ Mizraim shia mli, yɛ nyɛsɛɛ afii oha lɛ naagbee mli, ni nakai pɛ ebalɛ. Yɛ mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ?
Ana Papyrus niŋmaai babaoo trukaa yɛ Mizraim kɛjɛ afi 1778 shishijee mli ni etee nɔ nakai aahu kɛbashi afii ohai 19 lɛ naagbee mli. Shi ajeee gbɛ ataooo enɛɛmɛi aahu kɛbashi afii oha ni eho nɛɛ mli. No mli lɛ fellahin ni jɛ maŋ lɛ mli lɛ miina blema woji sɔrɔtoi, ni Egypt Exploration Fund ni Ŋleshi nɔyeli lɛ to he gbɛjianɔ lɛ yoo bɔ ni ehe hiaa ni atsu mɛi ni amɛyatao enɛɛmɛi dani efee akɛ ekpe sɛɛ tsɔ. Amɛhala Oxford woloŋlelɔi enyɔ, Bernard P. Grenfell kɛ Arthur S. Hunt, ni amɛnine shɛ gbɛŋmɛɛ wolo nɔ akɛ amɛtao enɛɛmɛi yɛ he ni atsuɔ okwaayeli nitsumɔ he nii waa yɛ, ni yɔɔ Faiyũm kpokpa wulu lɛ wuoyigbɛ (taakɛ atsɔɔ yɛ yiteŋgbɛ) lɛ.
He ko ni atsɛɔ jɛmɛ Behnesa sa Grenfell hiɛ jogbaŋŋ yɛ blema Hela gbɛi, Oxyrhynchus, ni ehiɛ lɛ hewɔ. Oxyrhynchus bafee he ko ni he hiaa waa yɛ Ŋ.B. afii ohai ejwɛ kɛ enumɔ lɛ mli akɛ Mizraim Kristojamɔ shikwɛ̃ɛ he. Ana mra be mli mɔkome-shihilɔi ashiai pii ni bɛŋkɛ jɛmɛ, ni bɔ ni nɛkɛ maŋtiase nɛɛ ekumɔ eha lɛ da naakpa. Grenfell hiɛ ka nɔ akɛ ebaana Kristofoi awoji fufuji loo kukuji komɛi yɛ jɛmɛ, shi amɛfuu hei kɛ shiai ni amɛtao mli lɛ kɛ nɔ ko baaa. Nɔ ni eshwɛ ji maŋ lɛ jwɛi ni abua naa ashwie shi, ni ekomɛi akwɔlɛ shɛɔ basafai 9 lɛ. Ni aaatsa shi atao papyri woji yɛ enɛ mli lɛ haa okpɛlɛɔ nɔ amrɔ nɔŋŋ akɛ onine enyɛ shi momo; ni kɛlɛ mɛi ni pɛiɔ nibii amli nɛɛ kpɛ amɛyiŋ akɛ amɛbaaka amɛkwɛ.
Jwetri ni Aŋɔtee ni Jara Wa Waa
Yɛ January 1897 mli lɛ, atsa bu loo jɔɔ ko akɛ akɛmiika akwɛ, ni ŋmɛlɛtswaai fioo ko pɛ ni ana blema papyrus woji. Nɔ ni fata he ji lɛtai loo woji ni mɛi eŋmala mɛi krokomɛi, kpaŋmɔi ni kɔɔ nitsumɔ gbɛjianɔtoi ahe, kɛ nɔyeli lɛ woji. Kɔɔyɔɔ etswa shia eha fɛɛ nɔ, ni akɛni kɔɔyɔŋ egbi waa yɛ nɛkɛ he nɛɛ hewɔ lɛ ebaa amɛyi fe afii 2,000 nɛ.
Yɛ nyɔji etɛ sɛɛ fioo lɛ, anyɛ abua papyrus niŋmaai ni tsiimɔ shɛɔ aaafee tɔn enyɔ naa kɛjɛ Oxyrhynchus. Akɛwo adekai agboi nyɔŋmai enyɔ kɛ enumɔ mli ni akɛfa gbɛ kɛtee England. Ni daa afi, kɛ eshɛ fɛi be lɛ, woloŋlelɔi enyɔ ni sheee gbeyei nɛɛ kuɔ amɛsɛɛ kɛyaa Mizraim koni amɛyabua woji babaoo naa lolo, ni amɛfee nakai aahu afii nyɔŋma.
Be ko beni amɛtsaa shi yɛ fuu he ko yɛ Tebtunis lɛ, amɛnaaa nɔ ko nɔ ko fe baai agbohii ni awo amɛ tsofa. Nitsulɔ ko kɛ nijiaŋwujee jwara ekome. Nɔ ni fee lɛ naakpɛɛ ji akɛ, ena ni akɛ papyrus woji kakadaji eha he. Afee baai krokomɛi ni amɛna lɛ nakai nɔŋŋ, ni amɛna ni akota papyrus woji ahɔlɔ ekrokomɛi adaaŋ loo sɛŋ. Abana blema Hela kɛ Latin loo Roma woji kukuji, kɛ maŋtsɛ akpɔi kɛ kpaŋmɔi ni akɛfutu nitsumɔ he akɔntaabui kɛ mɛi awoji ni aŋmala.
Mɛɛ sɛɛnamɔ yɔɔ nɛkɛ woji nɛɛ fɛɛ he? Abanya he babaoo, ejaakɛ amɛteŋ babaoo ji nɔ ni gbɔmɛi foji lɛ ŋmala yɛ Koine, ni ji Hela ni awieɔ yɛ nakai be lɛ mli lɛ mli. Akɛni wiemɔi ni amɛkɛtsu nii lɛ babaoo hu pueɔ yɛ Biblia lɛ Hela Ŋmalɛi lɛ, ni ji “Kpaŋmɔ Hee” lɛ mli hewɔ lɛ, trukaa ni ebafee faŋŋ akɛ wiemɔ mli ni aŋmala Ŋmalɛi lɛ yɛ lɛ jeee Biblia mli Hela krɛdɛɛ ko, taakɛ woloŋlelɔi komɛi susuɔ lɛ, shi moŋ eji wiemɔ ni gbɔmɛi foji lɛ wieɔ lɛ nɔŋŋ eko. No hewɔ lɛ kɛ akɛto bɔ ni akɛ wiemɔi tsuɔ nii yɛ daa gbi shihilɛ mli nibii amli lɛ ahe lɛ, Kristofoi a-Hela Ŋmalɛi lɛ ashishinumɔ feɔ faŋŋ.
Biblia Woji ni Akɛ Niji Ŋmala
Ana Biblia ni akɛ niji eŋmala lɛ kukuji komɛi hu, ni yɛ bei babaoo mli lɛ aŋmalaa enɛɛmɛi kɛ waonaa ni bɛ fɛo ni awulaaa lɛ ni efee fɛo hu ni woji ni aŋmalaa yɛ nɔ lɛ hu jeee ekpakpa, ni enɛ ji ohiafo lɛ Biblia lɛ. Nyɛhaa wɔpɛia ekomɛi amli.
Hunt yana Mateo Sanekpakpa lɛ klɛŋklɛŋ yitso lɛ eko, kɛjɛ kuku 1 kɛyashi 9, 12, kɛ 14 kɛyashi 20, ni aŋma yɛ afii ohai etɛ Ŋ.B. lɛ mli kɛ niŋmaai agboi. Ebafee P1, klɛŋklɛŋ nii yɛ papyrus ŋmalɛi ni jɛ hei sɔrɔtoi ni abua naa ato naa, ni efalɛ miihe ashɛ Kristofoi a-Hela Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli ŋmalɛi ni akɛ niji ŋmala lɛ oha loo nɔ ni akɛ niji ŋmala lɛ fafai komɛi lɛ ateŋ klɛŋklɛŋ nɔ. Mɛɛ sɛɛnamɔ yɔɔ kukuji fioo ni Hunt na lɛ he? Bɔ ni niŋmalamɔi lɛ yɔɔ lɛ tsɔɔ faŋŋ akɛ aŋma yɛ afii ohai etɛ Ŋ.B. lɛ mli, ni bɔ ni ekaneɔ ehaa lɛ mli ni akwɛ lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ ekɛ ŋmalɛ hee kwraa ni no mli lɛ Westcott kɛ Hort ebua naa lɛ kpaa gbee. P1 yɛ University Museum yɛ Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., bianɛ.
Papyrus wolo ko ni ana yɛ wolokpo ko mli lɛ yɛ Yohane yitso 1 lɛ fai yɛ wolo baafa ni yɔɔ abɛkugbɛ lɛ, ni eyɛ Yohane yitso 20 lɛ fai komɛi yɛ ninejurɔgbɛ baafa lɛ nɔ. Efafai ni elaaje lɛ ni akwɛ bɔ ni amɛyɔɔ lɛ jogbaŋŋ lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ kɛjɛ shishijee lɛ nakai Sanekpakpa lɛ hiɛ woji komekomei 25, ni nɔ ni baafata enɛɛmɛi ahe kɛjɛ shishijee lɛ baanyɛ afee yitso 21 lɛ. Akadi lɛ akɛ P5, akɛ aŋma yɛ afii ohai etɛ Ŋ.B. lɛ mli, ni amrɔ nɛɛ eyɛ British Library ni yɔɔ London, England lɛ.
Ana kukuji nɛɛ eko ni feɔ Romabii 1:1-7, ni bɔ ni eniŋmaai lɛ dara agboi ha ni ebɛ fɛo lɛ hewɔ lɛ eha woloŋlelɔi komɛi susu akɛ ekolɛ eji skul gbekɛ nuu ko skul nikasemɔ nii. Akadi lɛ akɛ P10 ni akɛɛ aŋma yɛ Ŋ.B. afii ohai ejwɛ lɛ mli.
Nɔ ni fa saŋŋ ni ayana lɛ hiɛ aaafee wolo ni aŋma ayaha Hebribii lɛ mlijaa etɛ mli ekome. Aŋmala yɛ woji kakadaji ni akota lɛ asɛɛ ni ehiɛ blema Roma yinɔsaneŋmalɔ Livy lɛ blema niŋmaai yɛ ehiɛ gbɛ. Mɛni hewɔ niŋmaai enyɔ ni esoro eko yɛ ekroko he yɔɔ wolo nɛɛ hiɛ kɛ esɛɛ lɛ? Yɛ no gbii lɛ amli lɛ, bɔ ni anaaa woji ni aŋmalaa nii yɛ nɔ lɛ kɛ bɔ ni amɛjara wa ha lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ anyɛŋ afite papyri wolo ko. Amrɔ nɛɛ akadi enɛ akɛ P13, ni abuɔ naa akɛ aŋma yɛ afii ohai etɛ loo ejwɛ yɛ Ŋ.B. lɛ mli.
Ana Papyrus baafa ko ni Romabii yitsei 8 kɛ 9 lɛ fai komɛi yɔɔ nɔ ni aŋmala kɛ niŋmaai bibiibii yɛ wolo ko ni etilɛ ji waotalɔi ejwɛ kɛ fa ni elɛɛmɔ pɛ ji waotalɔi enyɔ mli. Etamɔ nɔ ni Ŋmalɛi lɛ ni afee lɛ bibii ni anyɛɔ akɛwoɔ kotoku mli yɛ shihilɛ mli yɛ Ŋ.B. afii ohai etɛ lɛ mli. Enɛ bafee P27 ni ekɛ Codex Vaticanus lɛ kpaa gbee.
Nɔ ni ana yɛ baafai ejwɛ ni jɛ Hela Septuagint wolokpo lɛ mli lɛ nɔ hu ji 1 Mose wolo lɛ mli yitsei ekpaa fafai komɛi. Nɛkɛ wolokpo nɛɛ he hiaa waa yɛ bɔ ni aŋma yɛ afii ohai enyɔ loo etɛ yɛ Ŋ.B. lɛ mli lɛ hewɔ, ejaakɛ nɛkɛ yitsei nɛɛ bɛ Codex Vaticanus lɛ mli ni amɛyeee emuu yɛ Codex Sinaiticus lɛ mli. Akadi enɛ akɛ Papyrus 656, ni baafai nɛɛ yɛ Bodleian Library, yɛ Oxford England bianɛ.
Kɛ akɛ nɛkɛ kukuji nɛɛ to mra be mli niŋmaai ni akɛ niji fee ni yɔɔ momo lɛ ahe lɛ, anaaa tsakemɔi titrii komɛi kwraa yɛ mli, no hewɔ lɛ emaa nɔ mi akɛ no mli lɛ aaja Biblia mli ŋmalɛ lɛ yɛ nakai mra bei lɛ amli yɛ gbɔmɛi foji ni yɔɔ Mizraim fa ni yɔɔ shɔŋŋ nɛɛ ateŋ po. Amɛmaa wɔhemɔkɛyeli ni yɔɔ Nyɔŋmɔ Wiemɔ lɛ ni anyɛɔ akɛ he fɔɔ nɔ, ni eji anɔkwale hu lɛ mli lɛ nɔ mi.
[Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 27]
Papyri ni jɛ, Faiyūm ni Yohane, yitso 1 fai komɛi yɔɔ nɔ
[He ni Sane lɛ Jɛ]
Yɛ British Library gbɛŋmɛɛ naa
[He ni Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 26 lɛ Jɛ]
Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.