Masada​—Mɛni Hewɔ Ebalɛ Nakai?

“MIHEFATALƆI ekaalɔi, jeeŋmɔ beebe ni wɔtswa wɔfai shi akɛ wɔsɔmɔŋ Romabii lɛ loo mɔ ko mɔ ko ja Nyɔŋmɔ pɛ . . . Nyɛbaa, yɛ be mli ni wɔbaanyɛ ni wɔkɛ wɔniji amɔmɔ klante mli nɛɛ . . . nyɛbaa wɔgboia dani wɔbatsɔmɔ nyɔji yɛ wɔhenyɛlɔi lɛ ashishi, ni wɔshi shihilɛ nɛɛ mli kwraa akɛ gbɔmɛi ni yeɔ amɛhe kɛ wɔbii kɛ wɔŋamɛi!”

Abɔ amaniɛ akɛ Eleazar, Yair (loo Ben Ya’ir) binuu lɛ ji mɔ ni kɛ ŋaawoo kɛ hehiamɔ nɛɛ ha mɛi ni faa Masada he lɛ. Klɛŋklɛŋ afii oha lɛ mli yinɔsaneŋmalɔ Josephus ji mɔ ni ŋma yɛ ewolo ni ji The Jewish War lɛ mli. Mɛni hewɔ Yudafoi ahiɛnyiɛlɔ nɛɛ wo ehefatalɔi lɛ hewalɛ koni amɛ fɛɛ amɛgbe amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛhe, nii ni kɛ Nyɔŋmɔ mla kpaaa gbee lɛ? (2 Mose 20:13) Nɔ ni he hiaa fe fɛɛ lɛ, te aaafee tɛŋŋ ni shihilɛ ni ba lɛ he nilee aaanyɛ aye abua bo ni oje ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ yiwalɛ je nɛɛ mli?

Masada Hii ni kɛ Dukpei Yeɔ Awui Lɛ

Dani Yudafoi atuatsemɔ yɛ afi 66 Ŋ.B. lɛ aaaba lɛ, no mli lɛ, Roma asraafoi ni buɔ maŋ he yɛ Masada, ni eji maŋ ko ni ka ŋmeŋme nɔ ni atswa gbogboi awo he tamɔ mɔɔ, ni ebɛŋkɛ Ŋshɔ ni Egbo lɛ. Eyɛ mli akɛ Masada etse ehe moŋ, shi Herode Kpeteŋkpele lɛ ha ama fɛibe mli maŋtsɛ we fɛfɛo ko yɛ jɛmɛ. Eha ato nu he gbɛjianɔ bɔ ni eeena nula po ni ekɛju ehe yɛ jɛmɛ. Shi nɔ ni hiɛdɔɔ yɔɔ mli lɛ, eyɛ mli akɛ maŋ lɛ yɛ Romabii ashishi moŋ, shi abua tawuu nii pii anaa ato mɔɔ lɛ mli. Beni mlifu ni ayɔɔ kɛha Romabii ni ebahi Palestina lɛ mli bawa waa lɛ, gbeyei ba he akɛ Yudafoi maŋhiɛ-tsakelɔi lɛ anine baashɛ nɛkɛ tawuu nii nɛɛ anɔ. Kuu nɛɛ ekome ji Sikarii ni eshishi ji, ‘hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui’ ni atsi ta yɛ Biblia lɛ mli akɛ amɛkɛ amɛhe wo atuatsemɔ ko mli lɛ.​—Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 21:⁠38.

Hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui lɛ ye Masada nɔ kunim yɛ afi 66 Ŋ.B. Akɛni amɛnine eshɛ tawuu nii heei anɔ hewɔ lɛ, amɛto kɛtee Yerusalem koni amɛkɛfi atua ni atseɔ ashiɔ Roma nɔyeli lɛ sɛɛ.

Bɔ ni Yudafoi maŋ-hiɛ-atuatselɔi nɛɛ kpata Roma asraafoi ni yɔɔ Masada kɛ Yerusalem lɛ fɛɛ hiɛ ha hewɔ lɛ, enɛ tee Roma Maŋtsɛyeli lɛ mlifu shi kɛwo amɛmaŋbii lɛ. Dani afi 66 Ŋ.B. aaaba naagbee lɛ, Roma Asraafoi Akuu ni ji Nyɔŋma kɛ Enyɔ ni yɔɔ Cestius Gallus shishi lɛ fa ketee Yudea ni amɛyabɔ ŋsra yɛ Yerusalem maŋ lɛ sɛɛ. Romabii lɛ tutua maŋtiase lɛ kɛjɛ he fɛɛ he, ni amɛtee nɔ aahu kɛyashɛ he ni agbɛnɛ amɛmiigbu sɔlemɔ we lɛ kooyigbɛ shishitooi lɛ ashishi. Trukaa pɛ kɛkɛ ni Gallus kɛ esraafoi lɛ gbala amɛhe shi ni aleee nɔ yiŋtoo hewɔ ni amɛshi Yudea. Josephus ni kɛ ehiŋmɛi na lɛ kɛɛ, “eji eto etsui shi fioo yɛ hekawoo lɛ mli kulɛ, eye Maŋtiase lɛ nɔ kunim amrɔ nɔŋŋ.”

Shi Romabii lɛ anijiaŋ ejeko wui. Afii ejwɛ sɛɛ lɛ, Roma Tatsɛ Tito fa kɛtee Yerusalem kɛ asraafoi akui ejwɛ. Amɛkpata maŋ muu lɛ fɛɛ hiɛ yɛ nɛkɛ be nɛɛ mli, ni akɛ Yudea wo Roma yiwalɛ nɔyeli shishi ekoŋŋ. Amɛfee fɛɛ nakai, ja Masada pɛ.

Akɛni amɛtswa amɛfai shi akɛ amɛbaakpata naagbee shitee-kɛ-woo ni eshwɛ nɛɛ hiɛ hewɔ lɛ, Romabii lɛ tswa tɛ gbogbo titrii ko amɛbɔle mɔɔ lɛ he, kɛ asraafoi ŋsrai sɔrɔtoi kpaanyɔ ni akɛ tɛi etswa amɛgbogboi. Yɛ naagbee lɛ amɛkɛ su tswa agba ni kwɔɔ kɛyaa ŋwɛi​—su agba ni egboo enaa shi ni ekɛlɛ feɔ ninetalɔi 645 ni ekwɔlɛ yashɛɔ ninetalɔi 180! Kɛkɛ ni amɛma mɔɔ yɛ nɔ, ni amɛto tawuu tsei wuji ni akɛkumɔɔ agboi kɛ gbogboi yɛ nɔ koni amɛkɛfee agba kɛya Masada gbogboi lɛ anɔ. Be pɛ eshwɛ ni Roma asraafoi lɛ baabote mɔɔ nɛɛ mli ni amɛshɔ Yudafoi lɛ anaagbee mɔɔ nɛɛ kɛjɛ amɛdɛŋ!

Ŋmɛnɛ, Romabii lɛ atawuu ŋsrai lɛ, gbogbo ni atswa kɛbɔle mɔɔ lɛ he lɛ; kɛ su ni aloo ashwie shi ni akɛfee agba lɛ ji odaseyeli ni jwere shi ni tsɔɔ bɔ ni fee ni Yudafoi atuatsemɔ lɛ ba naagbee. Agbe Masada blema nibii ni atsaa lɛ naa kwraa yɛ 1965. Yɛ be mli ni awieɔ nii ni ana lɛ ahe lɛ, The New Encyclopedia Britannica (1987) lɛ jaje akɛ: “Ana akɛ bɔ ni Josephus, Romabii kɛ Yudafoi ayinɔsaneŋmalɔ lɛ tsɔɔ sane lɛ mli eha, ni no mli lɛ no pɛ ji Masada yinɔsane jɛɛhe lɛ ji anɔkwale diɛŋtsɛ.”

Shi akɛni Romabii lɛ miihe akumɔ gbogboi lɛ hewɔ lɛ, te hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui lɛ fee amɛnii yɛ Eleazar, ni ji Yair binuu lɛ wiemɔ akɛ amɛgbe amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛhe lɛ he amɛha tɛŋŋ? Josephus ŋma akɛ: “Amɛgbegbee amɛwekui lɛ fɛɛ; . . . kɛkɛ lɛ akɛni amɛhala hii nyɔŋma akɛ amɛ amɛkpata mɛi ni eshwɛ lɛ ahiɛ hewɔ lɛ, mɔ fɛɛ mɔ yaka lɛ diɛŋtsɛ eŋa kɛ ebii amasɛi, amɛkɛ amɛniji bla amɛhe, ni amɛjie amɛsɛ̃i akpo amɛha mɛi ni baatsu nitsumɔ ni wa nɛɛ he nii lɛ. Kɛkɛ ni amɛfolɔ amɛ fɛɛ amɛsɛ̃i, ni amɛteŋ mɔ fɛɛ mɔ hu fee nakai nɔŋŋ, . . . shi yoomo ko kɛ mɔ kroko . . . jo foi . . . Mɛi ni gboi lɛ shɛɔ ohai nɛɛhu kɛ nyɔŋmai ekpaa ni yei kɛ gbekɛbii fata he.” Mɛni hewɔ Yudafoi atuatsemɔ lɛ ba naagbee kɛ oshara ni tamɔ nɛkɛ? Ani eji nɔ ko ni kɔɔ Yesu ni jɛ Nazaret lɛ wala kɛ egbele he?

[Shishigbɛ niŋmai]

Beni shitsalɔi tsa Masada lɛ amɛna shikai ohai abɔ ni aŋmala Hebri niŋmaai yɛ nɔ, ni akɛmiiye atuatsemɔ lɛ he gbijurɔ, ekomɛi tamɔ “Kɛha Zion Heyeli” kɛ “Yerusalem Krɔŋkrɔŋ Lɛ.” Dr. Yigael Yadin tsɔɔ mli yɛ ewolo Masada lɛ mli akɛ: “Shekelii ni wɔna lɛ damɔ shi kɛha atuatsemɔ afii lɛ fɛɛ, kɛjɛ klɛŋklɛŋ afi kɛyashi afi ni ekaaa ni ji enumɔ, ni ji naagbee afi mli ni afee nakai shekelii shika lɛ, ni enɛ kɛ afi 70 A.D. ni akpata Yerusalem Sɔlemɔtsu lɛ hiɛ lɛ kpaa gbee.’ Kwɛmɔ shika ni yɔɔ ŋwɛigbɛ lɛ.

Ana kpuji ni ejwara kukuji 11 yɛ he pɔtɛɛ ko ni bɛŋkɛ Masada agboi lɛ ekome naa, ni aŋmala Hebri gbɛi kukuji yɛ eko fɛɛ eko he. Woloŋlelɔi babaoo susuɔ akɛ enɛɛmɛi baanyɛ afee oshiki ni Josephus tsi ta lɛ. Nɔ ni ana ni aŋma yɛ ekome nɔ ji “Ben Ya’ir,” ni eshishi ji “Yairo binuu.” Louis Feldman jaje yɛ ewolo ni ji Josephus and Modern Scholarship lɛ mli akɛ, “Nibii ni akɛfɔɔ oshiki, ni Yadin yana, ni Ben Jair gbɛi yɔɔ ekome nɔ lɛ ji Josephus sane lɛ nɔmimaa ni yɔɔ naakpɛɛ diɛŋtsɛ.”

[Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 4]

Yudafoi ashika yɛ afi 67 Ŋ.B., ni tsiɔ amɛkɛ Roma tawuu lɛ “Afi 2” fa

[He ni Sane lɛ Jɛ]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.