Ubufakazi Bobukhazikhazi BukaSolomoni
NGOKOKUBALWA kwezikhathi kweBhayibheli, iNkosi uSolomoni yabusa uIsrayeli kusukela ngo-1037 B.C.E. kuya ku-998 B.C.E. Ngokuthakazelisayo, incwadi iArchaeology of the Land of Israel, kaProfesa Yohanan Aharoni, yembula indlela intuthuko enkulu empucukweni yamaIsrayeli eyenzeka ngayo “cishe ngo-1000 B.C.E.”
Esinye isibonelo esinikezwa nguAharoni ubufakazi bezindonga zomuzi eziqinile ezakhiwe ngamatshe amakhulu “asikwe aba amatshe anezinhlangothi ezine olunye luphumile, afakwe aqondana ncamashí.” Ngokuphambene, emazweni akhelene noIsrayeli, izingxenye zezindonga zomuzi “zazakhiwe ngezitini nangamapulangwe.”
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imizi eyakhiwa kabusha cishe ngesikhathi sikaSolomoni inika ubufakazi bokuhlelwa ngokucophelela, inezindlu eziwuhele oluqondile nemigwaqo eyakhiwe kahle ngokucophelela. UAharoni uhlaziya amanxiwa “amadolobha amane kwaJuda akhiwa ngokohlelo olufanayo oluyisisekelo . . . iBeri-Sheba, Tell Beit Mirsim, Beti-Shemeshi, neMispa.” Yeka indlela lokhu okuphambana ngayo nesinye isikhungo esikhulu sezempucuko—idolobha langaphambidlana laseMesopotamiya iUri! Ngokuphathelene nalo, uSir Leonard Woolley wabhala: “Akuzange kwenziwe mizamo yokuhlelwa kwedolobha . . . Imigwaqo engagandayiwe, eminingi yayo engabonakali ukuthi iphelaphi . . . yaba yinkimbinkimbi okwakungase kube lula ngomuntu ukuba aduke kuyo.”
Futhi uAharoni uphawula ngentuthuko ezitsheni zasendlini cishe ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaSolomoni. “Ushintsho esimweni sempucuko . . . alubonakali nje kuphela ezintweni zokunethezeka kodwa futhi ngokukhethekile nasezintweni ezibunjiwe . . . Ubuhle bezinto ezibunjiwe nokushiswa kwazo kwathuthuka kwaba nzima ukuzibona . . . Ngokushesha kwaba nendawo ekhiqizayo yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezitsha.”
Isici esikhazimula kakhulu sokubusa kukaSolomoni sasiyithempeli elihle, isigodlo, nezindlu zombuso eJerusalema. Kwasetshenziswa igolide eliningi kakhulu ekuhlobiseni lezizakhiwo. (1 AmaKhosi 7:47-51; 10:14-22) Eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokufa kukaSolomoni, uShishaki owayenguFaro waseGibithe weza futhi wathatha ingcebo yeJerusalema.—1 AmaKhosi 14:25, 26.
Kokubili eGibithe nasePalestina, imibhalo evubukuliwe iqinisekisa ukuthi uShishaki wamnqoba ngempela uIsrayeli. Eqinisweni, izazi-mlando eziningi ziyavuma ukuthi ukuqhwaga kukaShishaki iJerusalema kwavuselela umnotho waseGibithe obuthakathaka futhi kwenza uShishaki wakwazi ukuxhasa ngokwezimali ukwandiswa okukhulu kwethempeli laseGibithe abhala kulo ukunqoba kwakhe, njengoba kubonakala kulelikhasi. UShishaki wafa ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, futhi omunye umbhalo uthi indodana yakhe yanikela cishe ngamathani angu-200 egolide nesiliva emathempelini aseGibithe. Lombhalo awuwuvezi umthombo walengcebo, kodwa umvubukuli uAlan Millard, encwadini yakhe iTreasures From Bible Times, usikisela ukuthi “eliningi kulo kwakuyigolide uShishaki alithatha ethempelini likaSolomoni nasesigodlweni eJerusalema.”
Akumangalisi ukuthi ngisho nencwadi yabangakholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu iyakuvuma ukuba ngokoqobo kokubusa kukaSolomoni okukhazimulayo! IBol’shaia Sovetskaia Entsiklopediia (Iencyclopedia Enkulu YaseSoviet), ngaphansi kwengxenye ethi “USolomoni,” imbiza ngokuthi “umbusi wombuso wakwaIsrayeli nakwaJuda,” yenezela ukuthi wabusa lapho “umbuso usezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.”