Ukuvakashela E-Uzbekistan

ITRANSOXANIA. IZwe Eliphakathi KweMifula. ITartary. ITurkistan. Maningi amagama aye asetshenziselwa ukubiza indawo manje ehlanganisa ne-Uzbekistan, “iZwe Lama-Uzbek.” Kusukela ekhulwini le-15, amadolobha ase-Uzbekistan ayewusizo kubahwebi ababehamba eMzileni Kasilika, inxanxathela yemigwaqo eyake yaxhumanisa iChina neMedithera. Ukotini yiwona osutholakala kakhulu ezimbonini zendwangu zase-Uzbekistan. Kubuye kudayiswe nokhaphethi abahle abenziwe ngokotini, ngovolo, noma ngosilika.

Isiko lama-Uzbek liye lathonywa abantu abaningi emlandweni. Abanqobi abadumile namabutho abo anamandla badabula izintaba nezingwadule zase-Uzbekistan. Bahlanganisa u-Alexander Omkhulu, owahlangana nesithandwa sakhe uRoxane kule ndawo; uGenghis Khan, waseMongolia; noTimur (ophinde aziwe ngelika-Tamerlane), owomdabu wakule ndawo owabusa omunye wemibuso emikhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni.

Izakhiwo eziyisikhumbuzo ezinhle, neziyimibalabala ezinophahla oluyindilinga olunanyekwe ngama-tiles aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zihlobisa amadolobha esimanje ase-Uzbekistan. Eziningi zalezi zakhiwo zisetshenziswa njengezikole.

UMzila Kasilika. Wawusuvele usetshenziswa ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu evamile futhi usebenza kahle, kwaze kwaba yilapho kuvulwa umzila wasoLwandle oya eNdiya ekupheleni kwekhulu le-15 C.E. Le nxanxathela yemizila eyayisetshenziselwa ezentengiselwano, ingxenye yayo enqamula endaweni manje ebizwa nge-Uzbekistan, yaba nendima enkulu kwezentengiselwano.

ULwandle I-Aral. Ngenxa yokuphambukiswa kwamanzi ngenjongo yokunisela, uLwandle i-Aral​—olwake lwaba ichibi elingelesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni​—seluyoma. I-Uzbekistan izama ukuyilungisa le nkinga, ibambisene namanye amazwe ase-Asia Ephakathi.

Ukushintshwa kwezinhlamvu zokubhala e-Uzbekistan. Ziningi izilimi ezazikhulunywa kule ndawo, futhi ngemva kokunqoba kwamaSulumane ngekhulu lesi-8, kwakhulunywa isi-Arabhu. Ngemva kokuba leli zwe libe ingxenye yeSoviet Union, kwaqale kwasetshenziswa izinhlamvu zokubhala zesiLatini, kwabe sekusetshenziswa ezesiCyrillic esikhundleni sazo ekupheleni kwawo-1930. Ngo-1993, kwaba nomthetho omusha owethula izinhlamvu zesi-Uzbek, ezisekelwe endleleni yokubhala yesiLatini.