Mwari naKesari

“Naizvozvo ipai Kesari zvaKesari, naMwari zvaMwari.”—RUKA 20:25.

1. (a) Ndeipi iri nzvimbo yaJehovha yakakwirira? (b) Chii chatinofanira kupa Jehovha chatisingatongogoni kupa Kesari?

APO Jesu Kristu akapa murayiridzo iwoyo, pakanga pasina panikiro mundangariro yake kuti zvinodikanwa naMwari kuvabatiri Vake ndezvokutanga kupfuura chinhu chipi nechipi icho Kesari, kana kuti Hurumende, ingada kwavari. Jesu aiziva zviri nani kupfuura munhu upi noupi uzvokwadi hwomunyengetero wowezvamapisarema kuna Jehovha: “Ushe hwenyu ndihwo ushe husingaperi, noumambo hwenyu [uchangamire]a huchagara nokusingaperi.” (Pisarema 145:13) Apo Dhiyabhorosi akapa Jesu chiremera pamusoro poumambo hwose hwepasi rinogarwa, Jesu akapindura, kuti: “Kwakanyorwa kuchinzi: Namata Ishe, Mwari wako, umushumire iye oga.” (Ruka 4:5-8) Kunamata kwaisatongogona kupiwa kuna “Kesari,” kana Kesari ari mutongi weRoma, mumwe mutongi wavanhu, kana kuti Hurumende imene.

2. (a) Ndeipi iri nzvimbo yaSatani munyika ino? (b) Satani ane nzvimbo yake nemvumo yaani?

² Jesu haana kuramba kuti umambo hwenyika hwakanga huri hwaSatani. Gare gare, iye akadana Satani kuti “muchinda wenyika ino.” (Johane 12:31; 16:11) Nechokumugumo wezana rokutanga ramakore C.E., muapostora Johane akanyora, kuti: “Tinoziva kuti tiri vaMwari, nenyika yose igere muna iye wakaipa.” (1 Johane 5:19) Ikoku hakurevi kuti Jehovha akarega uchangamire hwake pamusoro papasi. Yeuka kuti Satani, pakupa Jesu utongi pamusoro poumambo hwezvamatongerwe enyika, akati: “Ndichakupa simba iri rose . . . nokuti ndaka[ri]piwa ini.” (Ruka 4:6) Satani anoshandisa chiremera pamusoro poumambo hwenyika kupfurikidza bedzi nemvumo yaMwari.

3. (a) Inzvimboi iyo hurumende dzamarudzi dzinayo pamberi paJehovha? (b) Tinogona sei kutaura kuti kuzviisa pasi pehurumende dzenyika ino hakurevi kuzviisa timene pasi paSatani, mwari wenyika ino?

³ Nenzira yakafanana, Hurumende inoshandisa chiremera chayo nemhaka bedzi yokuti Mwari saChangamire Mutongi anoibvumidza kuita kudaro. (Johane 19:11) Nokudaro, “masimba makuru . . . aripo” anogona kunzi “akaiswapo naMwari.” Maererano nechiremera chikurusa chaJehovha, chawo chiremera chiduku zvikuru. Zvisinei, iwo va“shumiri [v]aMwari,” “varanda vaMwari,” mukuti iwo anogovera mabasa ari madikanwa, anochengetedza runyararo, uye anoranga vaiti vezvakaipa. (VaRoma 13:1, 4, 6) Naizvozvo vaKristu vanofanira kunzwisisa kuti nemhaka bedzi yokuti Satani ndiye mutongi asingaoneki wenyika ino, kana kuti tsika, ivo havasi kuzviisa vamene pasi pake apo vanobvuma kuzviisa pasi peHurumende kwavo kusina kukwana. Ivo vari kuteerera Mwari. Mugore rino, ra1996, Hurumende yezvamatongerwe enyika ichiri rutivi rwe“zvakaiswapo naMwari,” gadziriro yechinguvana iyo Mwari anobvumidza kuvapo, uye inofanira kuzivikanwa seyakadaro navabatiri vapasi vaJehovha.—VaRoma 13:2.

Vabatiri vaJehovha Vekare neHurumende

4. Nei Jehovha akabvumira Josefa kuva akatanhamara muhurumende yeEgipita?

⁴ Munguva dzakatangira chiKristu, Jehovha akabvumidza vamwe vavabatiri vake kuva nenzvimbo dzakatanhamara muHurumende. Somuenzaniso, muzana ramakore rechi18 B.C.E., Josefa akava gurukota guru reEgipita, wechipiri bedzi kuna Farao aitonga. (Genesi 41:39-43) Zviitiko zvapashure zvakajekesa kuti Jehovha akatungamirira ikoku kuti Josefa agogona kubatira sechishandiso mukuchengeta ‘mbeu yaAbrahama,’ vazukuru vake, nokuda kwokushanda kwezvinangwa Zvake. Chokwadika, kunofanira kurangarirwa kuti Josefa akatengeswa muuranda muEgipita, uye iye akararama panguva apo vabatiri vaMwari vakanga vasina Mutemo waMosesi kana kuti zvimwe “murayiro waKristu.”—Genesi 15:5-7; 50:19-21; VaGaratia 6:2.

5. Nei nhapwa dzechiJudha dzakarayirwa ku“tsvak[a] rugare” rweBhabhironi?

⁵ Mazana amakore gare gare muporofita akatendeka Jeremia akafuridzirwa naJehovha kuudza nhapwa dzechiJudha kuti dzizviise pasi pavatongi apo dzakanga dziri muutapwa muBhabhironi uye kunyange kunyengeterera rugare rweguta iroro. Mutsamba yake kwavari, iye akanyora, kuti: “Zvanzi naJehovha wehondo, Mwari waIsraeri, kuna vose vakatapwa, . . . Mutsvake rugare rweguta kwandakakutapisai, murinyengeterere kuna Jehovha; nokuti norugare rwaro imi muchava norugarewo.” (Jeremia 29:4, 7) Panguva dzose vanhu vaJehovha vane chikonzero chokuzvi“tsvak[ira] rugare” ivo vamene norudzi umo vanogara, kuitira kuti vave norusununguko rwokunamata Jehovha.—1 Petro 3:11.

6. Kunyange zvazvo vakapiwa nzvimbo dzapamusoro dzehurumende, munzirai umo Dhanieri neshamwari dzake nhatu vakaramba kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira pamusoro poMutemo waJehovha?

⁶ Mukati moutapwa hweBhabhironia, Dhanieri navamwe vaJudha vatatu vakatendeka avo vakanga vari nhapwa muuranda kuBhabhironi vakarovedzwa neHurumende ndokuva vabatiri vehurumende vane nzvimbo dzapamusoro muBhabhironia. (Dhanieri 1:3-7; 2:48, 49) Zvisinei, kunyange mukati mokurovedzwa kwavo, ivo vakava nechimiro chakasimba panhau dzezvokudya idzo dzaigona kuva dzakavatungamirira kukuputsa Mutemo uyo Mwari wavo, Jehovha, akanga agovera kupfurikidza naMosesi. Nokuda kwaikoku ivo vakakomborerwa. (Dhanieri 1:8-17) Apo Mambo Nebhukadnezari akamisa chifananidzo cheHurumende, shamwari dzaDhanieri nhatu dzechiHebheru sezviri pachena dzakamanikidzirwa kupinda mutambo wacho nevadzori biyavo veHurumende. Kunyange zvakadaro, ivo vakaramba ku“wira pasi ndokunamata” chidhori cheHurumende. Zvakare, Jehovha akatusa perero yavo. (Dhanieri 3:1-6, 13-28, NW) Nenzira yakafanana nhasi, Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvinoremekedza mureza wenyika yazvinogara mairi, asi izvo hazvisati zvichizoita chiito chokuunamata.—Eksodho 20:4, 5; 1 Johane 5:21.

7. (a) Chimiroi chakaisvonaka icho Dhanieri akava nacho, pasinei hapo nokuva nenzvimbo yakakwirira mugadziriro yehurumende yeBhabhironi? (b) Ichinjoi dzakaitika munguva dzechiKristu?

⁷ Pashure pokuwa kwomutsara wamadzimambo weBhabhironia rapashure, Dhanieri akapiwa nzvimbo yapamusoro zvikuru yehurumende muhurumende itsva yeMedhia nePersia iyo yakaitsiva muBhabhironi. (Dhanieri 5:30, 31; 6:1-3) Asi iye haana kubvumira nzvimbo yake yapamusoro kumutungamirira mukubvumiranisa pane zvisina kufanira perero yake. Apo mutemo wehurumende waida kuti iye anamate Mambo Dhariusi panzvimbo paJehovha, iye akaramba. Nokuda kwaikoku iye akakandirwa kushumba, asi Jehovha akamununura. (Dhanieri 6:4-24) Chokwadika, ikoku kwakanga kuri munguva dzakatangira chiKristu. Ungano yechiKristu yangovambwa, vabatiri vaMwari vakava “pasi pomurayiro waKristu.” Zvinhu zvakawanda zvaibvumidzwa mutsika yechiJudha zvakanga zvichifanira kurangarirwa nenzira yakasiyana, zvichivakirwa panzira iyo Jehovha zvino akanga ava kubata nayo navanhu vake.—1 VaKorinte 9:21; Mateo 5:31, 32; 19:3-9.

Chimiro Chendangariro chaJesu kuHurumende

8. Chiitikoi chinoratidza kuti Jesu akanga akatsunga kudzivisa kubatanidzwa mune zvamatongerwe enyika?

⁸ Apo Jesu Kristu akanga ari pasi pano, iye akagadzira vateveri vake mipimo yakakwirira, uye iye akaramba kubatanidzwa kwose munhau dzezvamatongerwe enyika kana kuti dzehondo. Pashure pokunge Jesu adyisa nenzira yenenji zviuru zvinoverengeka zvavanhu nezvingwa zvishomanene uye tuhove tuviri, varume vechiJudha vakanga vachida kumubata ndokumuita mambo wezvamatongerwe enyika. Asi Jesu akavadzivisa kupfurikidza nokukurumidza kutizira kumakomo. (Johane 6:5-15) Nezveichi chiitiko, The New International Commentary on the New Testament inoti: “Pakanga pane zvishuvo zvinotyisa zvourudzi pakati pavaJudha venhambo iyoyo, uye nenzira isingapanikirwi vakawanda vaavo vakaona chishamiso chacho vakarangarira kuti heuno mutongi woumwari akatanhamara, uyo akanga ari iye chaiye wokuvatungamirira mukurwisana naVaRoma. Naizvozvo vakazvisarudzira vamene kumuita mambo.” Iyo inowedzera kuti Jesu “akatsunga kuramba” uku kugoverwa kwoutungamiriri hwezvamatongerwe enyika. Kristu haana kutsigira kupandukira kupi nokupi kwavaJudha mukurwisana noudzori hweRoma. Zvirokwazvo, iye akafanotaura chaizova mugumisiro wokumukira kwaizoitika pashure porufu rwake—nhamo dzisingatauriki nokuda kwavagari veJerusarema uye kuparadzwa kweguta iroro.—Ruka 21:20-24.

9. (a) Jesu akarondedzera sei ukama hwoUmambo hwake nenyika? (b) Inhungamiroi iyo Jesu akapa vateveri vake pamusoro pokubata kwavo nehurumende dzenyika?

⁹ Nokukurumidza asati afa, Jesu akaudza mumiriri chaiye woumambo hweRoma muJudhea, kuti: “Ushe hwangu hahuzi hwenyika ino; dai ushe hwangu hwaiva hwenyika ino, varanda vangu vangadai vairwa, kuti ndirege kuiswa kuvaJudha; asi zvino ushe hwangu hahuzi hwapano.” (Johane 18:36) Kutozosvikira Umambo hwake hwagumisa kutonga kwehurumende dzezvamatongerwe enyika, vadzidzi vaKristu vanotevera muenzaniso wake. Ivo vanoteerera zviremera izvozvo zvakagadzwa asi ivo havapindiri muzviito zvazvo zvamatongerwe enyika. (Dhanieri 2:44; Mateo 4:8-10) Jesu akasiyira vadzidzi vake nhungamiro, achiti: “Ipai Kesari zvaKesari, naMwari zvaMwari.” (Mateo 22:21) Pamberi pezvo, muMharidzo yake yapaGomo, Jesu akanga ati: “Ani naani unokumanikidza kuenda maira imwe, uende naye mbiri.” (Mateo 5:41) Mumashoko akapoteredza eiyi mharidzo, Jesu akanga achiratidzira nheyo yokuzviisa pasi kwokudisa pezvido zvapamutemo, mungava muukama hwavanhu kana kuti muzvinodikanwa zvehurumende izvo zvinotsinhirana nomutemo waMwari.—Ruka 6:27-31; Johane 17:14, 15.

VaKristu naKesari

10. Maererano nomumwe wezvenhau, chimiroi chendangariro chokungwarira icho vaKristu vapakuvamba vakanga vanacho pamusoro paKesari?

¹⁰ Idzi nhungamiro pfupi dzakanga dzichifanira kudzora ukama pakati pavaKristu neHurumende. Mubhuku rake The Rise of Christianity, wezvenhau E. W. Barnes akanyora, kuti: “Panguva ipi kana ipi, kwemazana amakore anotevera, apo muKristu akanga achipanikira pamusoro pebasa rake kuHurumende, iye aitendeukira kudzidziso ine chiremera yaKristu. Iye airipa mitero: miripo inodiwa ingava inorema—iyo yakava isingatsungirirwi Umambo hwokuMadokero husati hwawa—asi muKristu aizoitsungirira. Nenzira yakafanana iye aigamuchira mimwe misengwa yose yeHurumende, chero bedzi iye akanga asingadikanirwi kupa kuna Kesari zvinhu zvaiva zvaMwari.”

11. Pauro akapa zano sei vaKristu kuti vabate nevatongi venyika?

¹¹ Kwakanga kuchiwirirana neizvi kuti, makore anoti pfuurei 20 pashure porufu rwaKristu, muapostora Pauro akaudza vaKristu muRoma, kuti: “Munhu mumwe nomumwe ngaazviise pasi pamasimba makuru.” (VaRoma 13:1) Makore anenge gumi gare gare, nokukurumidza asati aiswa mutorongo kechipiri uye asati aurawa muRoma, Pauro akanyorera Tito, kuti: “Uvayeudzire [vaKristu vomuKrete] kuti vazviise pasi pavabati navane simba, kuti vateerere, kuti vave vanhu vakazvigadzira kubata mabasa ose akanaka, varege kurevera mumwe zvakaipa, varege kuva negakava, vave vanyoro, vaitire vanhu vose unyoro hwose.”—Tito 3:1, 2.

Kunzwisiswa Kunofambira Mberi “Kwezviremera Zvikuru”

12. (a) Ndechipi icho Charles Taze Russell akarangarira sechimiro chendangariro chakafanira chomuKristu kana toreva nezvezviremera zvehurumende? (b) Pamusoro pokubatira mumauto, zvimiroi zvendangariro zvakasiyana-siyana izvo vaKristu vakazodzwa vakava nazvo mukati meHondo Yenyika I?

¹² Pakuvamba sa1886, Charles Taze Russell akanyora mubhuku rinonzi The Plan of the Ages, kuti: “Jesu kana kuti zvimwe Vaapostora havana kudzongonyedza vatongi vapasi munzira ipi neipi. . . . Ivo vakadzidzisa Chechi kuteerera mitemo, uye kuremekedza avo vaiva nechiremera nemhaka yenzvimbo yavo, . . . kuripira mitero yavo yakagadzwa, uye kunze kwouko inorwisana nemitemo yaMwari (Mabasa 4:19; 5:29) kusaramba mutemo upi noupi wakagadzwa. (VaR. 13:1-7; Mat. 22:21) Jesu naVaapostora uye chechi yapakuvamba vose vakanga vachiteerera mutemo, kunyange zvazvo vakanga vakaparadzana, uye vasina kutora rutivi muhurumende dzenyika ino.” Iri bhuku rakazivisa nenzira yakarurama “masimba makuru,” kana kuti “zviremera zvikuru,” zvakadudzwa nomuapostora Pauro, sezviremera zvehurumende yavanhu. (VaRoma 13:1, King James Version) Muna 1904 bhuku rinonzi The New Creation rakati vaKristu vechokwadi “vanofanira kuwanikwa pakati pevanhu vanoteerera mutemo zvikurusa vomunguva ino—kwete vakusvudziri, kwete vanokakavara, kwete vawaniri vemhaka.” Ikoku kwakanzwisiswa navamwe kureva kuzviisa pasi kwakakwana pemasimba aripo, kunyange kusvikira kupfundo rokugamuchira basa mumauto mukati meHondo Yenyika I. Vamwe, zvisinei, vakarirangarira serinopesana nokutaura kwaJesu: “Vose vanobata munondo, vachafa nomunondo.” (Mateo 26:52) Sezvinooneka, nzwisiso yakajeka yokuzviisa pasi kwechiKristu pezviremera zvikuru yakanga ichidiwa.

13. Ichinjoi mukunzwisiswa kwokuzivikanwa kwamasimba akakwirira yakapiwa muna 1929, uye iyoyi yakabvumikisa sei kuva inobetsera?

¹³ Muna 1929, panguva apo mitemo yehurumende dzakasiyana-siyana yakanga iri kuvamba kurambidza zvinhu izvo Mwari anorayira kana kuti kuda zvinhu izvo mitemo yaMwari inorambidza, kwakarangarirwa kuti masimba makuru anofanira kuva Jehovha Mwari naJesu Kristu.b Uku ndiko kwakanga kuri kunzwisisa uko vabatiri vaJehovha vakanga vanako mukati menhambo yakaoma pamberi uye mukati meHondo Yenyika II uye kusvikira munhambo yeRwisano Yepfungwa Dzakasiyana, nokutyana kwayo uye kugadzirira kwayo hondo. Tichitarira shure, kunofanira kutaurwa kuti uyu murangariro wezvinhu, sezvawakakudza uchangamire hwaJehovha naKristu wake, wakabetsera vanhu vaMwari kuchengeta chimiro chokusatora rutivi chisingabvumirani pane zvisina kufanira mukati meiyi nhambo yakaoma.

Kuzviisa Pasi Kusina Kukwana

14. Chiedza chakawedzerwa chakapiwa sei pana VaRoma 13:1, 2 uye magwaro anowirirana muna 1962?

¹⁴ Muna 1961 New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures yakapedzwa. Kugadzirirwa kwayo kwakanga kuchida kufundwa kwakakwana kwomutauro wamashoko eMagwaro. Shanduro yakarurama yamashoko anoshandiswa kwete bedzi muna VaRoma ganhuro 13 asiwo muzvikamu zvamashoko zvakadai saTito 3:1, 2 uye 1 Petro 2:13, 17 zvakajekesa kuti kutaura kwokuti “masimba makuru” kwainongedzera, kwete kuChiremera Chikurusa, Jehovha, uye kuMwanakomana wake, Jesu, asi kuzviremera zvehurumende zvavanhu. Mukupera kwa1962, nyaya dzakabudiswa muNharireyomurindi idzo dzakapa kutsanangurwa kwakarurama kwaVaRoma ganhuro 13 uyewo dzakagovera murangariro wakajeka kupfuura uyo wakanga uchirangarirwa panguva yaC. T. Russell. Idzi nyaya dzakaratidza kuti kuzviisa pasi pezviremera kwechiKristu hakugoni kuva kwakakwana. Kunofanira kuva kusina kukwana, kuchitsamira pakusapinza kwako vabatiri vaMwari murwisano nemitemo yaMwari. Dzimwe nyaya dziri muNharireyomurindi dzakasimbisa iri pfundo rinokosha.c

15, 16. (a) Kudzikamai kuri nani uko kunzwisiswa kutsva kwaVaRoma ganhuro 13 kwakatungamirira kwakuri? (b) Mibvunzoi yasara kuti ipindurwe?

¹⁵ Ichi chinokosha kukunzwisiswa kwakarurama kwaVaRoma ganhuro 13 chakagonesa vanhu vaJehovha kudzikamisa rukudzo rwakafanira rwezviremera zvamatongerwe enyika nechimiro chokusabvumirana pane zvisina kufanira panheyo dzapaMagwaro dzakakosha. (Pisarema 97:11; Jeremia 3:15) Chakavabvumira kuva nomurangariro wakafanira woukama hwavo naMwari uye kubata kwavo neHurumende. Icho chakavimbisa kuti nepo vachiripira zvinhu zvaKesari kuna Kesari, ivo havaregeredzi kuripira zvinhu zvaMwari kuna Mwari.

¹⁶ Asi zvii chaizvo zviri zvinhu zvaKesari? Ndizvinodikanwai zvapamutemo izvo Hurumende inogona kuita pamuKristu? Iyi mibvunzo icharangarirwa munyaya inotevera.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

Nenzira inofadza, mutsinhiro yake pana VaRoma ganhuro 13, Purofesa F. F. Bruce anonyora, kuti: Kwakajeka kubva mumashoko ari pedyo akapoteredza, somumashokowo zvawo akapoteredza emanyoro avaapostora, kuti hurumende inogona nenzira yakarurama kurayira kuteererwa bedzi mukati meganhuriro dzezvinangwa izvo yakagadzirwa nenzira youmwari—chaizvoizvo, hurumende haingadziviswi bedzi asi inofanira kudziviswa apo iyo inorayira ruvimbiko runofanira kupiwa kuna Mwari oga.”

Unogona Kutsanangura Here?

◻ Nei kuzviisa pasi pezviremera zvikuru kusingarevi kuzviisa pasi paSatani?

◻ Chimiroi chendangariro chakanga china Jesu kuzvamatongerwe enyika zvomuzuva rake?

◻ Izanoi iro Jesu akapa vateveri vake pamusoro pokubata kwavo naKesari?

◻ Pauro akapa zano sei vaKristu kuti vabate nevatongi vamarudzi?

◻ Kunzwisiswa kwokuzivikanwa kwezviremera zvikuru kwakabudirira sei mumakore akapfuura?

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 10]

Apo Satani akamupa simba rezvamatongerwe enyika, Jesu akariramba

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 13]

Russell akanyora kuti vaKristu “vanofanira kuwanwa pakati pevanoteerera mutemo zvikurusa venguva ino”