Jehovha, “Mutongi Wapasi Rose” Asingasaruri
“Baba . . . vanotonga vasingasaruri mukuwirirana nebasa romumwe nomumwe.”—1 PETRO 1:17, NW.
1, 2. (a) Neiko tichifanira kuva zvose zviri zviviri vanotya navanonyaradzwa nomufungo wokuti Jehovha Mutongi mukuru? (b) Munhau yaJehovha yapamutemo mukurwisana namarudzi, vabatiri vake vapasi vanoita basai?
JEHOVHA ndiye “Mutongi [mukuru] wapasi rose.” (Genesi 18:25, NW) SaMwari Mukurusa wechisiko chapose pose, iye ane maruramiro akakwana okutonga zvisikwa zvake. Iwoyu nokukurumidza mufungo unotyisa nounonyaradza. Mosesi akataura nenzira inoorora iyi inoratidzika kuva pokanidzano, achiti: “Nokuti Jehovha Mwari wenyu ndiMwari wavamwari, naShe wamadzishe, Mwari mukuru, unotyisa, usingatsauri vanhu, kana kugamuchira mubairo. Iye unoruramisira nherera nechirikadzi, unoda mutorwa, achimupa zvokudya nenguvo.”—Dheuteronomio 10:17, 18.
2 Idzikamo inoshamisa zvakadini! Mwari mukuru, ane simba, anotyisa, bva asingasaruri uye anodzivirira nenzira yorudo fariro dzenherera, chirikadzi, uye vagari vechienzi. Ndiani angagona kushuva Mutongi ane rudo zvikuru kupfuura Jehovha? Achizviratidzira amene saane nhau yapamutemo mukurwisana namarudzi enyika yaSatani, Jehovha anodana vabatiri vake pasi pano kuva zvapupu zvake. (Isaya 34:8; 43:9-12) Haatsamiri pachipupuriro chavo kuti abvumikise umwari hwake nouchangamire hwapamutemo. Asi iye anopa zvapupu zvake ropafadzo yechienzi yokupupurira pamberi porudzi rwose rwomunhu zvokuti runoziva ukuru hwake. Zvapupu zvake zvinozviisa zvimene pasi pouchangamire hwake hwakarurama, uye kupfurikidza noushumiri hwazvo hwapachena, zvinonyandurira vamwe kuzviisa vamene pasi pechiremera choMutongi Mukurusa.
Nzira yaJehovha Yokutonga
3. Nzira yaJehovha yokutonga ingapetwa sei, uye iyoyi yakaratidzirwa sei munhau yaAdhama naEvha?
3 Mukati menhau yapakuvamba yorudzi rwomunhu, Jehovha somunhu oga akatonga vatadzi vakati. Mienzaniso yenzira yake yokubata nhau dzokutonga yakagadza muenzaniso nokuda kwaavo vavabatiri vake avo gare gare vaizova nomutoro wokutonga pakati pavanhu vake. (Pisarema 77:11, 12) Nzira yake yokutonga ingapetwa kuti: kusimba pakuri madikanwa, ngoni pakunobvira. Muchinoitika chaAdhama naEvha, zvisikwa zvohunhu zvakakwana avo vakanga vapanduka namaune, havana kufanirwa nengoni. Nokudaro, Jehovha akavatongera rufu. Asi ngoni dzake dzakashanda kuvana vavo. Jehovha akasundira mberi kuitwa kwetongero yorufu, nokudaro achibvumira Adhama naEvha kuva navana. Iye nenzira yorudo akagovera vana vavo tariro yokununurwa muubatwa kuchivi norufu.—Genesi 3:15; VaRoma 8:20, 21.
4. Jehovha akabata sei naKaini, uye neiko iyi nhau iri yefariro chaiyo?
4 Nzira iyo Jehovha akabata nayo naKaini ndeyefariro yakati nemhaka yokuti ndiyo nhau yokutanga yakanyorwa inobatanidza mumwe wavana vasina kukwana vaAdhama naEvha, “vakatengeswa muchivi.” (VaRoma 7:14, NW) Jehovha akarangarira ikoku ndokubata nenzira yakasiana naKaini nenzira yaAkabata nayo navabereki vake here? Uye nhau iyoyi ingagona kugovera chidzidzo nokuda kwavatariri vechiKristu nhasi here? Ngationei. Achinzwisisa kuita kusina kururama kwaKaini apo chibairo chake chisina kugamuchirwa zvakanaka, Jehovha akamunyevera nenzira yorudo nezvengozi yaakanga ari mairi. Chirevo chekare chinoti: ‘Kudzivirira kuri nani kupfuura kurapa.’ Jehovha akasvika paaigona kupfurikidza nokunyevera Kaini pamusoro pokubvumira kombamiro yake yokutadza kumudzora. Akaedza kumubetsera “kutendeukira kukuita zvakanaka.” (Genesi 4:5-7, NW) Iyi ndiyo nguva yokutanga apo Mwari akada kuti munhu anotadza apfidze. Pashure pokunge Kaini aratidza chimiro chokusapfidza uye apara mhaka yake, Jehovha akamutongera kudzinga, achipfavisa ikoku nechirevo chinorambidza vamwe vanhu kumuuraya.—Genesi 4:8-15.
5, 6. (a) Jehovha akapfuurira sei nechizvarwa chapamberi paMafashamo? (b) Chii icho Jehovha akaita asati aita rutongeso mukurwisana navagari veSodhoma neGomora?
5 Pamberi paMafashamo, apo ‘Jehovha akaona kuti uipi hwomunhu hwakanga hwawanda mupasi, akanzwa akuvadzwa pamwoyo pake.’ (Genesi 6:5, 6) Iye “akazvidemba” zvikuru sezvaakazvidemba kuti voruzhinji vechizvarwa chapamberi paMafashamo vakanga vashandisa zvisina kufanira kuzvisarudzira kwavo uye kuti anofanira kuita rutongeso pavari. Bva, akavapa nyevero yakafanira, achishandisa Noa kwamakore mazhinji so“muparidzi wokururama.” Pashure paikoko, Jehovha akanga asina chikonzero choku‘rega kuranga nyika iyoyo yavanhu vasina umwari.’—2 Petro 2:5.
6 Jehovha nenzira yakafanana akasungirwa kubata nhau yapamutemo mukurwisana navagari vakaipa veSodhoma neGomora. Asi cherekedza kuti iye akapfuurira sei. Akanga anzwa “kudanidzira kwokunyunyuta” pamusoro pomufambiro unokatyamadza waava vanhu, kupfurikidza bedzi neminyengetero yaRoti akarurama. (Genesi 18:20, NW; 2 Petro 2:7, 8) Asi asati aita chiito, iye ‘akaburuka’ kundonzvera maidi kupfurikidza nengirozi dzake. (Genesi 18:21, 22; 19:1) Akawanawo nguva yokuvimbisa Abrahama kuti iye aisazoita chiito nenzira isina kururama.—Genesi 18:23-32.
7. Zvidzidzoi izvo vakuru vanobatira mumatare okutonga vanogona kudzidza mumienzaniso yenzira yaJehovha yokutonga?
7 Chii icho vakuru vanogona kudzidza nhasi muiyi mienzaniso? Muchinoitika chaAdhama naEvha, Jehovha akaratidza rudo nokurangarira nokuda kwaavo, nepo vaiva noukama navane mhaka, vakanga vasina mhaka muchinoitika chacho. Iye akaratidza ngoni kuvana vaAdhama naEvha. Muchinoitika chaKaini, Jehovha akadeya kuona ngozi iyo Kaini akanga ari mairi uye akarangarira naye nenzira yomutsa, achiedza kudzivisa kuitwa kwechivi. Kunyange pashure pokumudzinga, Jehovha akanga achirangarira Kaini. Uyezve, Jehovha akaita rutongeso pachizvarwa chapamberi paMafashamo pashure bedzi pokuratidza tsungiriro huru yokushivirira. Mukutarisana nouipi hune chisimbwa, Jehovha “akanzwa akuvadzwa pamwoyo pake.” Iye akazvidemba kuti vanhu vakapandukira kutonga kwake kwakarurama uye kuti akasungirwa kuvatonga nenzira isina kunaka. (Genesi 6:6, NW; enzanisa naEzekieri 18:31; 2 Petro 3:9.) Muchinoitika cheSodhoma neGomora, Jehovha akaita chiito pashure bedzi pokunzvera maidi. Mienzaniso yakaisvonaka zvakadini nokuda kwaavo nhasi vanofanira kubata nhau dzapamutemo!
Vatongi Vohunhu Munguva Dzamadzitateguru
8. Mitemoi mikuru yaJehovha yakanga ichizivikanwa munguva dzamadzitateguru?
8 Kunyange zvazvo sezviri pachena pakanga pasina bumbiro remitemo rakanyorwa panguva yacho, chaunga chamadzitateguru chakanga chakarovedzana nemitemo mikuru yaJehovha, uye vabatiri vake vakanga vari mumusengwa wokuichengeta. (Enzanisa naGenesi 26:5.) Chinoitika muEdheni chakanga charatidza kudikanwa kwokuteerera nokuzviisa pasi pouchangamire hwaJehovha. Nhau yaKaini yakanga yazivisa kusatendera kwaJehovha kuuraya. Nokukurumidza pashure paMafashamo, Mwari akapa rudzi rwomunhu mitemo pamusoro pokuyera kwoupenyu, kuponda, chirango chorufu, uye kudyiwa kweropa. (Genesi 9:3-6) Jehovha akashurikidza zvakasimba upombwe mukati mechinoitika chinobatanidza Abrahama, Sara, uye Abhimereki, mambo weGerari, pedyo neGaza.—Genesi 20:1-7.
9, 10. Mienzanisoi inoratidza kuti tsika yokutonga yakanga iripo muchaunga chamadzitateguru?
9 Mumazuva iwayo misoro yemhuri yaiita savatongi uye yaibata zvinetso zvapamutemo. Jehovha akati pamusoro paAbrahama: “Ndakamutsaura, kuti araire vana vake naveimba yake vanomutevera, kuti vachengete nzira yaJehovha, vaite zvakarurama nezvakanaka; kuti Jehovha auise pamusoro paAbrahama izvo zvaakataura pamusoro pake.” (Genesi 18:19) Abrahama akaratidza kusava noudyire uye nzwisiso mukugadzikisa gakava pakati pavafudzi vake amene naavo vaRoti. (Genesi 13:7-11) Achiita somusoro wamadzitateguru nomutongi, Judha akashurikidza muroora wake Tamari kuti atakwe namabwe kusvikira kurufu ndokupiswa, achidavira kuti iye akanga ari mhombwekadzi. (Genesi 38:11, 24; enzanisa naJoshua 7:25.) Paakaziva maidi ose, zvisinei, akamururamisa zvikuru kupfuura iye amene. (Genesi 38:25, 26) Kunokosha sei kuziva maidi ose tisati taita chisarudzo chokutonga!
10 Bhuku raJobho rinonongedzera kutsika yokutonga uye rinoratidza kushuviwa kwokutonga kwokusasarura. (Jobho 13:8, 10; 31:11; 32:21) Jobho amene anotaura nezvezvinoitika zvomunguva yakapfuura pamusoro penguva yaakanga ari mutongi anoremekedzwa uyo aigara pasuo reguta achipa ruramisiro nokudzivirira donzo rechirikadzi nomwanakomana asina baba. (Jobho 29:7-16) Nokudaro, pane ufakazi hwokuti mukati mechaunga chamadzitateguru, “varume vakuru” vakanga vachiita savatongi pakati pavana vaAbrahama kunyange pamberi poKubuda nebumbiro remitemo rakapiwa naMwari rorudzi rwaIsraeri. (Eksodho 3:16, 18) Kutaura idi, zvirango zvesungano yoMutemo zvakapiwa naMosesi ku“varume vakuru,” kana kuti vakuru, vaIsraeri, avo vaimirira vanhu.—Eksodho 19:3-7.
Tsika Yokutonga yaIsraeri
11, 12. Mukuwirirana nenyanzvi mbiri dzeBhaibheri, chii chakasianisa tsika yokutonga yaIsraeri neiyo yamamwe marudzi?
11 Kuitwa kweruramisiro muna Israeri kwakanga kwakasiana zvikuru nemiitiro yapamutemo yaiteverwa mumarudzi akapoteredza. Hapana musiano waiitwa pakati pomutemo wavagari vemo nomutemo wamatsotsi. Yose iri miviri yakanga yakabatanidzwa nemitemo yetsika neyorudzidziso. Chikanganiso mukurwisana nomuvakidzani wako chakanga chiri chikanganiso mukurwisana naJehovha. Mubhuku rake The People and the Faith of the Bible, munyori André Chouraqui anonyora, kuti: “Gamuchidzanwa romutemo wavaHebheru rinosiana neiro ravavakidzani varo, kwete bedzi murondedzero yaro yokudarika nezvirango asi murevo imene yemitemo. . . . [Mutemo] weTora hauna kusiana noupenyu hwezuva nezuva; unodzora chimiro negutsikano zvoupenyu hwezuva nezuva kupfurikidza nokuparadzira chikomborero chinotaurwa kana kuti kutuka. . . . Muna Israeri . . . kunenge kusingabviri kuita musiano wakajeka mumibato yomutemo yeguta. Yakanga yakavigwa muchinzwano choupenyu hwokumabvazuva chose chose kukuzadzikwa kwokuda kwaMwari mupenyu.”
12 Uyu mugariro wechienzi wakaisa kuitwa kweruramisiro muna Israeri pamwero wakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura mumarudzi apanguva imwe cheteyo. Imwe nyanzvi yeBhaibheri Roland de Vaux inonyora, kuti: “Mutemo wechiIsraeri, pasinei hapo nezvawakafanana nazvo muchimiro negutsikano, unosiana zvikuru norutivi rwomutemo we‘zvibvumirano’ zvokuMabvazuva nenyaya dze‘mabumbiro emitemo’ awo. Mutemo worudzidziso. . . . Hapana bumbiro remitemo rokuMabvazuva rinogona kuenzaniswa nomutemo wechiIsraeri, uyo unonzi wakanyorwa wose naMwari somunyori wawo. Kana rine, uye kazhinji kazhinji richibatanidza, mirairo yetsika nemiitiro, ikoku imhaka yokuti rinofukidza nzvimbo yose yeSungano youmwari, uye nemhaka yokuti iyi Sungano yaidzora ukama hwavanhu nomumwe nomumwe pamwe chete noukama hwavo naMwari.” Hakushamisi kuti Mosesi akabvunza, kuti: “Rudzii rukuru ruripo rune mitemo yakarurama nezvisarudzo zvokutonga zvakafanana nouyu mutemo wose wandiri kuisa pamberi pako nhasi?”—Dheuteronomio 4:8, NW.
Vatongi Muna Israeri
13. Mumativii umo Mosesi akanga ari muenzaniso wakaisvonaka nokuda kwavakuru nhasi?
13 Netsika yakakwirira kudaro yokutonga, rudzii rwomunhu rwaidikanwa kuita somutongi? Nezvomutongi wokutanga amene akagadzwa muna Israeri, Bhaibheri rinoti: “Munhu Mosesi akanga ari munyorosa pavanhu vose vakanga vari pamusoro papasi.” (Numeri 12:3, NW) Akanga asina chivimbo zvikuru nezvake amene. (Eksodho 4:10) Kunyange zvazvo aidikanirwa kutonga vanhu, padzimwe nguva iye aiva murevereri wavo pamberi paJehovha, achimuteterera kuti avakanganwire uye kunyange kukarakadza kuzvibaira amene nokuda kwavo. (Eksodho 32:11, 30-32) Akataura nenzira yokudetemba, kuti: “Kudzidzisa kwangu kuchadonha semvura, kutaura kwangu kuchayerera sedova, seguti pabumhudza nyoro, sokupfunha kwemvura pauswa.” (Dheuteronomio 32:2) Kure nokutonga vanhu kupfurikidza nokutsamira pauchenjeri hwake amene, akazivisa, kuti: “Kana vane shoko vanosiuya kwandiri; ndinositamba mhaka dziri pakati pomunhu nowokwake, ndichivazivisa zvakatemwa naMwari nemirairo yake.” (Eksodho 18:16) Paakanga achipanikira, akaisa nhau yacho kuna Jehovha. (Numeri 9:6-8; 15:32-36; 27:1-11) Mosesi akanga ari muenzaniso wakaisvonaka nokuda kwavakuru avo nhasi ‘vanofudza boka raMwari’ ndokuita zvisarudzo zvokutonga. (Mabasa 20:28) Ukama hwavo nehama dzavo nenzira yakafanana ngahubvumikise kuva “sokudonha kwemvura.”
14. Ndezvipi zvakanga zviri zvikwaniriso zvomudzimu zvavarume vakagadzwa naMosesi savatongi muna Israeri?
14 Pashure penguva yakati Mosesi akanga asingakwanisi kutakura ari oga mutoro wokubata nhau dzokutonga nokuda kwavanhu. (Eksodho 18:13, 18) Akagamuchira chikarakadzo chatezvara vake chokutsvaka betsero. Zvakare, rudzii rwavarume rwakasarudzwa? Tinorava, kuti: “‘Utsvake pakati pavanhu vose varume vakachenjera, vanotya Mwari, varume vezvokwadi, vanovenga kufufurwa.’ . . . Mosesi akatsaura varume vakachenjera pakati pavaIsraeri vose, akavaita vakuru vavanhu, vabati vezviuru, navabati vamazana, navabati vamakumi mashanu, navabati vamakumi. Ivo vakatamba mhaka dzavanhu nguva dzose; mashoko makuru vaisiuya nawo kuna Mosesi, asi mashoko ose maduku vaiatamba vamene.”—Eksodho 18:21-26.
15. Ndezvipi zvakanga zviri zvikwaniriso zvaavo vaibatira savatongi muna Israeri?
15 Kunogona kuonekwa kuti zera rakanga risi mupimo bedzi nokuda kwokusarudza varume kuti vaite savatongi. Mosesi akati: “Muzvitsaurirei varume vakachenjera, vakangwara, vanozivikanwa, kumarudzi enyu, ndivaite vakuru venyu.” (Dheuteronomio 1:13) Mosesi akanga akarovedzana zvikuru neizvo Erihu muduku akanga ataura makore mazhinji pamberi pezvi: “Havazi vakuru vakachenjera, kana vatana vanonzwisisa kururamisira.” (Jobho 32:9) Zvamazvirokwazvo, avo vaigadzwa vaifanira kuva “varume vane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira.” Asi kupfuura zvose vaifanira kuva varume vanokwanisa, vanotya Mwari, vakavimbika, vaivenga mhindu isina kururama uye vakanga vakachenjera uye vakangwara. Kunoratidzika kuva kuri pachena, naizvozvo, kuti “misoro” na“vatongi” vanodudzwa pana Joshua 23:2 uye 24:1 vakanga vasina kusiana na“varume vakuru” vanodudzwa mundima dzimwe chetedzo asi vakasarudzwa vachibva pakati pavo.—Ona Insight on the Scriptures, Volume 2, peji 549.
Kuita Ruramisiro
16. Chii chatinofanira kucherekedza nhasi pamusoro pemirairidzo iyo Mosesi akapa vatongi vachangobva kugadzwa?
16 Pamusoro pemirairidzo yakapiwa kuava vatongi vakagadzwa, Mosesi akati: “Nenguva iyo ndikaraira vatongi venyu, ndikati: ‘Teererai mhosva dziri pakati pehama dzenyu, mururamisire pakati pomunhu nehama yake, nomutorwa ugere naye. Musatsaura vanhu pakutonga kwenyu; munofanira kuteerera muduku nomukuru nomutoo mumwe; musatya munhu; nokuti kutonga ndokwaMwari; asi kana kune mhaka yamusingagoni, muuye nayo kwandiri [Mosesi] kuti ndiinzwe.’”—Dheuteronomio 1:16, 17.
17. Ndivanaani vakagadzwa savatongi, uye inyeveroi iyo Mambo Jehoshafati akavapa?
17 Chokwadika, nhau yaigona kuunzwa kuna Mosesi mukati bedzi menduramo yake. Naizvozvo dzimwe gadziriro dzakaitwa nokuda kwenhau dzakaoma kuti dzinongedzerwe kuvaprista, vaRevhi, uye vatongi vakagadzwa zvikurukuru. (Dheuteronomio 17:8-12; 1 Makoronike 23:1-4; 2 Makoronike 19:5, 8) Kuvatongi vaakagadza mumaguta aJudha, Mambo Jehoshafati akati: “Chenjerai zvamunoita; nokuti hamutongeri vanhu imi asi Jehovha; . . . Ndizvo zvamunofanira kuita muchitya Jehovha, makatendeka, mune mwoyo yakarurama. Zvino kana mhaka yenharo ikasvika kwamuri ichibva kuhama dzenyu dzigere pamaguta avo, . . . munofanira kuvanyevera kuti varege kupara mhaka pana Jehovha, kuti murege kutsamwirwa imi nehama dzenyu; itai izvozvo, mugorega kuva nemhosva.”—2 Makoronike 19:6-10.
18. (a) Ndedzipi dzakanga dziri dzimwe dzenheyo idzo vatongi muna Israeri vaifanira kushandisa? (b) Chii icho vatongi vaifanira kurangarira, uye magwaroi anoratidza miuyo yokukanganwa kwavo ikoku?
18 Pakati penheyo idzo vatongi muna Israeri vaifanira kushandisa paiva nedzinotevera: ruramisiro yakaenzana nokuda kwavapfumi navarombo (Eksodho 23:3, 6; Revhitiko 19:15); kusasarura kwakaoma (Dheuteronomio 1:17); kusagamuchirwa kwepfumbamuromo. (Dheuteronomio 16:18-20) Vatongi vaifanira kuyeuka nguva dzose kuti avo vavakanga vachitonga vakanga vari makwai aJehovha. (Pisarema 100:3) Kutaura idi, chimwe chezvikonzero nei Jehovha akaramba Israeri wokunyama chakanga chiri chokuti vaprista vavo navafudzi vakakundikana kutonga nokururama uye vakabata vanhu nehasha.—Jeremia 22:3, 5, 25; 23:1, 2; Ezekieri 34:1-4; Maraki 2:8, 9.
19. Kunzvera iyi mipimo yaJehovha yeruramisiro pamberi peNguva yaVose ndokweukoshii kwatiri, uye chii chicharangarirwa munyaya inotevera?
19 Jehovha haachinji. (Maraki 3:6) Iyi hwirudzurwo pfupi yenzira iyo rutongeso rwaifanira kuve rwakaitwa nayo muna Israeri namarangarire aiita Jehovha kurambwa kupi nokupi kweruramisiro kunofanira kuparira vakuru kumira avo nhasi vane mutoro wokuita zvisarudzo zvokutonga. Muenzaniso waJehovha soMutongi, uye tsika yokutonga yaakatanga muna Israeri, zvakatanga nheyo idzo dzakagadza mienzaniso nokuda kwokuitwa kweruramisiro mukati meungano yechiKristu. Ikoku tichakuona munyaya inotevera.
Mibvunzo Yehwirudzuro
◻ Nzira yaJehovha yokutonga ingapetwa sei?
◻ Nzira yaJehovha yakaenzanisirwa sei mukubata kwake naKaini nechizvarwa chapamberi paMafashamo?
◻ Ndivanaani vaiita savatongi munguva dzamadzitateguru, uye sei?
◻ Chii chakasianisa tsika yokutonga yaIsraeri neiyo yamamwe marudzi?
◻ Rudzii rwavarume rwakagadzwa savatongi muna Israeri, uye inheyoi dzavaifanira kuva vakatevera?
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 10]
Munguva dzamadzitateguru nomuna Israeri, varume vakuru vakagadzwa vaiita ruramisiro pasuo reguta