Kuisirwa Ropa—Kwakanaka Zvakadini?

Asati abvumira muitiro upi noupi wokurapa wakakomba, munhu anofunga achaziva betsero dzinobvira uye ngozi dzacho. Zvakadiniko nokuisirwa ropa? Zvino kwava chishandiso chikuru mumushonga. Vanachiremba vazhinji vanofarira chaizvoizvo varwere vavo vangasatongozengurira pamusoro pokupa ropa. Rakanzi chipo choupenyu.

Mamirioni akapa ropa kana kuti akarigamuchira. Nokuda kwa 1986-87 Canada yakava navanopa vane mamirioni 1,3 muvagari vemo vane mamirioni 25. “[Mu]gore richangobva kupfuura zvikuru rine nhamba dzaro dzinowanika, homwe dzeropa dziri pakati pamamirioni 12 nemamirioni 14 dzakashandiswa mukuisira ropa muUnited States moga bedzi.”—The New York Times, February 18, 1990.

“Ropa ranguve rine vara ra‘mashiripiti,’” anodaro Dr. Louise J. Keating. “Kwamakore 46 aro okutanga, kugoverwa kweropa kwakarangarirwa sokwakanaka zvikuru kupfuura zvakwaiva chaizvoizvo navose vari vaviri vanachiremba nenzanga.” (Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, May 1989) Ko mugariro wakanga wakadini panguva iyeyo, uye wakadiniko zvino?

Kunyange makore 30 akapfuura, nyanzvi dzezvirwere uye vashandi vapanzvimbo dzinochengeterwa ropa vakapangirwa, kuti: “Ropa rine simba! Rinogona kubetsera zvikuru kwazvo kana kuti rinokuvadza zvikuru kwazvo. Rufu runoparirwa nokuisirwa ropa runoenzana noruya runoparirwa nokutindivadza kweether kana kuti kuzvimba kwoura hukuru. Kunotaurwa kuva kune anenge munhu mumwe anofa pana vanhu vanoisirwa ropa vane 1 000 kusvikira kuvane 3 000 kana kuti zvimwe 5 000. Munharaunda yeLondon makashumwa rufu rumwe nokuda kwamabhodhoro 13 000 ari ose eropa rinoisirwa.”—New York State Journal of Medicine, January 15, 1960.

Ko ngozi dzakambobviswa here zvokuti kuisirwa ropa zvino kwakanaka? Kutaura zvakajeka, gore rimwe nerimwe mazana ezviuru anotapurwa nokuita kwomuviri kwokusawirirana neropa, uye vazhinji vanofa. Nemhaka yetsinhiro dzapamberi pezvi, dzingamuka mundangariro mako ndidzo hosha dzinofambiswa neropa. Usati wanzvera urwu rutivi, rangarira dzimwe ngozi dzisingazivikanwi zvikuru.

ROPA NEGADZIRIRO YAKO YEDZIVIRIRO YOMUVIRI

Pakuvamba muzana ramakore rechi 20, nyanzvi dzesayenzi dzakadzamisa kunzwisisa kwomunhu kuoma kusinganzwisisiki kunoshamisa kweropa. Dzakadzidza kuti kune marudzi akasiana-siana eropa. Kuenzanisira ropa romupi neropa romurwere kunokosha zvikuru mukuisira ropa. Kana mumwe munhu ane ropa rorudzi rwa A akagamuchira rorudzi rwa B, iye angava nokuita kwomuviri kwakakomba kwokuparadzika kwamasero matsvuku. Ikoku kunogona kuparadza akawanda amasero ake matsvuku ndokumuuraya nokukurumidza. Nepo kunzvera rudzi rweropa uye kurienzanisa zvino kuri muitiro, mhosho dzinoitika. Gore riri rose vanhu vanofa nokuda kwokuita kwomuviri kwokuparadzika kwamasero matsvuku.

Maidi anoratidza kuti nhau yokusaenzanirana inopfuura zvikuru marudzi mashomanene eropa ayo zvipatara zvinotsvaka kuenzanisira. Neiko? Eya, munyaya yake inoti “Kuisirwa Ropa: Kushandiswa, Kushandiswa Zvisina Kufanira, Uye Ngozi,” Dr. Douglas H. Posey, Jr., anonyora, kuti: “Anenge makore 30 akapfuura Sampson akarondedzera kuisirwa ropa somuitiro une ngozi zvikuru . . . [Chifo chaipapo] dziviriro dzamasero matsvuku dzinenge 400 dzokuwedzera dzakawanwa uye dzakaziviswa. Hapana panikiro yokuti chiverengero chacho chichapfuurira kuwedzera nokuti rukanda rwamasero matsvuku rwakaoma kunzwisiswa zvikuru.”—Journal of the National Medical Association, July 1989.

Nyanzvi dzesayenzi zvino dziri kufunda muuyo weropa rinoisirwa pamusoro pegadziriro yomuviri yetaviridziro, kana kuti dziviriro. Ikoko kungarevei kwauri kana kuti nokuda kwehama yokunyama inoda kuvhiiwa?

Apo vanachiremba vanoisira mwoyo, chiropa, kana kuti mumwe mutezo, gadziriro yedziviriro yomuviri youyo ari kuisirwa ingatapurwa nomutezo womumwe munhu ndokuuramba. Bva, ropa rinoisirwa ndomumwe mutezo unoisirwa. Kunyange ropa rakaenzaniswa “nomutoo wakafanira” rinogona kukurira gadziriro yedziviriro yomuviri. Pamusangano wenyanzvi dzezvirwere, pfundo rakasimbiswa rokuti mazana amapepa ezvokurapa “akabatanidza kuisira ropa nokuita kwedziviriro yomuviri.”—“Case Builds Against Transfusions,” Medical World News, December 11, 1989.

Basa guru regadziriro yako yedziviriro yomuviri nderokuona ndokuparadza masero ane ngozi (egomarara). Ko gadziriro yedziviriro yomuviri yakurirwa ingaparira gomarara uye rufu here? Ona mishumo miviri.

Magazini inonzi Cancer (February 15, 1987) yakapa miuyo yokunzvera kwakaitwa muNetherlands: “Muvarwere vane gomarara romuura hukuru, muuyo mukuru wakaipa wokuisirwa ropa pakurarama kwenguva refu wakaonekwa. Mune iri boka makanga mune mwero unowedzera wokurarama kwose zvako wamakore 5 wavarwere vane 48% nokuda kwavakaisirwa ropa uye vane 74% nokuda kwavasina kuisirwa ropa.” Vanachiremba vapaUniversity yeSouthern California vakanzverazve varwere vane zana rimwe vakavhiiwa nokuda kwegomarara. “Mwero wokumerazve nokuda kwegomarara rose redokoriro wakanga uri 14% kuna avo vasina kugamuchira ropa uye 65% nokuda kwaavo vakagamuchira. Nokuda kwegomarara romukanwa, gurokuro, uye mhuno kana kuti mutandamhuno, mwero wokumerazve wakanga uri 31% pane vasina kuisirwa ropa uye 71% pane vakaisirwa ropa.”—Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, March 1989.

Ko kunzvera kwakadaro kunokarakadzei pamusoro pokuisirwa ropa? Munyaya yake inoti “Kuisirwa Ropa Uye Kuvhiiwa Nokuda Kwegomarara,” Dr. John S. Spratt akagumisa, kuti: “Chiremba wokuvhiya gomarara angafanira kuva chiremba wokuvhiya asingaisiri ropa.”—The American Journal of Surgery, September 1986.

Rimwe basa guru regadziriro yako yedziviriro yomuviri ndeyokudzivirira zvirwere zvinotapukira. Naizvozvo kunonzwisisika kuti kumwe kunzvera kunoratidza kuti varwere vanogamuchira ropa vanotapurwa zvikuru nezvirwere. Dr. P. I. Tartter akaita kunzvera kwokuvhiya susu noura hukuru. Pavarwere vakaisirwa ropa, vane 25 muzana vakatapurwa nezvirwere, kana vachienzanisirwa navane 4 muzana vaavo vasina kugamuchira kuisirwa ropa. Iye anoshuma, kuti: “Kuisirwa ropa kwakabatanidzwa nezvinetso zvokutapukirwa nezvirwere kana kuchiitwa pamberi, mukati, kana kuti pashure pokuvhiya . . . Ngozi yokutapukirwa nechirwere pashure pokuvhiiwa yakawedzera nomutoo unofambira mberi kuchitsamira pachiverengero chamabhodhoro eropa anoisirwa.” (The British Journal of Surgery, August 1988) Avo vakanga vachipinda musangano wa 1989 weAmerican Association of Blood Banks vakaziva izvi: Nepo vane 23 muzana vaavo vakaisirwa ropa romupi mukati mokuvhiiwa kwokudzorerwa kwehudyu munzvimbo mayo vakatapurwa nezvirwere, avo vasina kuisirwa ropa havana kutongova nezvirwere.

Dr. John A. Collins akanyora pamusoro pouyu muuyo wokuisirwa ropa, kuti: “Kungava kwechienzi zvamazvirokwazvo kana ‘kurapa’ kune ufakazi huduku zvikuru hwokuita chinhu chipi nechipi chinokosha kuchifanira kuwanwa pashure kuti kukudziridze chimwe chezvinetso zvikuru zvakanangana navarwere vakadaro.”—World Journal of Surgery, February 1987.

HARITONGORINA HOSHA KANA KUTI RAKAZARA NENGOZI HERE?

Hosha inofambiswa neropa inonetsa vanachiremba vanoitira hanya uye varwere vakawanda. Ndeipi hosha yacho? Mukutaura zvakananga, haungagoni kuiganhuririra kune imwe bedzi; zvamazvirokwazvo kune dzakawanda.

Pashure pokukurukura hosha dzinosanozivikanwa zvikuru, Techniques of Blood Transfusion (1982) inotaura pamusoro pe“dzimwe hosha dzinotapukira dzakabatanidzwa nokuisirwa ropa,” dzakadai senjovhera, chirwere checytomegalovirus, uye mararia. Ipapo inoti: “Dzimwe hosha dzinoverengeka dzakashumwawo kuva dzinopfuudzwa kupfurikidza nokuisirwa ropa, kubatanidza utachiona hwehosha yorukanda, chirwere chinotapukira chemononucleosis (utachiona hweEpstein-Barr), toxoplasmosis, trypanosomiasis [chirwere cheAfrica chokurara uye hosha yeChagas], leishmaniasis, brucellosis [fivha isingaperi], typhus, filariasis, gwirikwiti, salmonellosis, uye fivha inoparirwa nezvikwekwe yeColorado.”

Zvomenemene, ndaza yehosha dzakadaro iri kuwedzera. Ungave wakarava misoro yenhau yakadai sounoti “Hosha yeLyme Ingaparirwa Nokuisirwa Ropa Here? Hakungabviri, Asi Nyanzvi Dzakasvinurira.” Rakanaka zvakadini ropa rinobva mune mumwe munhu anowanwa kuva ane hosha yeLyme? Rimwe boka ravakuru vakuru voutano rakabvunzwa kana raizogamuchira ropa rakadaro. “Ivo vose vakapindura kuti aiwa, kunyange zvazvo pasina nomumwe akarumbidza kurasa ropa rinobva kuvanopa vakadaro.” Nzanga inofanira kunzwa sei pamusoro peropa rakachengetwa iro nyanzvi dzimene dzisati dzaizogamuchira?—The New York Times, July 18, 1989.

Chikonzero chechipiri chokuitira hanya ndechokuti ropa rinounganidzwa mune imwe nyika umo hosha yakati yakawanda ringashandiswa kunyika iri kure, uko nzanga kana kuti vanachiremba vasingazivi ngozi yacho. Zvakune wedzero yanhasi mukufamba rwendo, kubatanidza vapoteri navanotama, ngozi iri kuwedzera zvokuti hosha yechienzi ingava muchinhu chinogadzirwa neropa.

Kupfuurirazve, nyanzvi yezvokurapa mune zvehosha dzinotapukira yakanyevera, kuti: “Ropa ringatofanira kunzvereseswa nokuda kwokudzivirira kupfuuridzwa kwezvirwere zvinoverengeka zvaisarangarirwa kare kuva zvinotapukira, kubatanidza leukemia, lymphoma, uye kuvhiringidzika ndangariro [kana kuti hosha yeAlzheimer].”—Transfusion Medicine Reviews, January 1989.

Idzi ngozi zvadzinoodza mwoyo kudai, dzimwe dzakatoparira kutya kukuru zvikuru.

MURAKATIRA WEAIDS

“AIDS yakachinja nokusingaperi nzira iyo vanachiremba navarwere vanofunga nayo pamusoro peropa. Uye iyeyo haisiri pfungwa yakashata, vakataura kudaro vanachiremba vakaungana paNational Institutes of Health nokuda kwomusangano pamusoro pokuisirwa ropa.”—Washington Post, July 5, 1988.

Murakatira weAIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [zviratidzo zvokuperevedza kwegadziriro yedziviriro yomuviri zvakawanwa]), namatsive, wakangwadza vanhu kungozi yokuwana hosha dzinotapukira dzinoparirwa neropa. Mamirioni zvino akatapurwa. Uri kupararira nomutoo usingadzoreki. Uye mwero wawo worufu wodokusvika 100 muzana.

AIDS inoparirwa noutachiona hwehuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV [kuperevedza kwegadziriro yedziviriro yomuviri womunhu]), hunogona kuparadzirwa neropa. Denda razvino uno reAIDS rakaoneka muna 1981. Gore rakatevera racho rimene, nyanzvi dzoutano dzakaziva kuti utachiona zvichida hwaigona kupfuuridzwa nomuzvinhu zvinogadzirwa neropa. Zvino kunobvumwa kuti nzvimbo yamabasa eropa yakanonoka kuita chiito, kunyange pashure pokunge mitoo yokunzvera nayo yawanikwa yokuwana nayo ropa rine masero anorwisa utachiona hweHIV. Kunzvera ropa romupi pakupedzisira kwakatanga muna 1985,a asi kunyange panguva iyeyo hakuna kushandiswa kuzvinhu zvinogadzirwa neropa zvakanga zvatochengetwa.

Pashure pacho nzanga yakavimbiswa, kuti ‘Ropa rinogoverwa zvino rakanaka.’ Gare gare, zvisinei, kwakaziviswa kuti kune “nhambo yainovapo isati yaoneka” ine ngozi yeAIDS. Pashure pokunge munhu atapurwa, inogona kuva mwedzi iye asati aratidzira masero anorwisa utachiona. Asingazivi kuti iye ane utachiona, angapa ropa ringawanwa risina utachiona. Ikoku kwakaitika. Vanhu vakabatira AIDS pashure pokuisirwa ropa rakadaro!

Chiono chakatova chakaipa zvikuru. The New England Journal of Medicine (June 1, 1989) yakashuma pamusoro pe“Chirwere Chakavanzika cheHIV.” Kwakasimbiswa kuti vanhu vanogona kuva noutachiona hweAIDS kwamakore mazhinji ihwo husingaoneki nokunzvera kwazvino uno kusina kunanga. Vamwe vangada kudukupisa ikoku sokusingawanzoitiki, asi vanobvumikisa “kuti ngozi yokupfuudzwa kweAIDS kupfurikidza neropa nezvinoriumba hazvigoni kubviswa chose chose.” (Patient Care, November 30, 1989) Mhedziso inovhiringidza: Kunzvera kusingawani utachiona hakungagoni kurangarirwa kuva simbisiro yakajeka youtano. Vanganiko vachawana zvakare AIDS muropa?

ISHANGU INOTEVERA HERE? KANA KUTI SHANGU ZHINJI?

Vagari vazhinji vomumafurati vakanzwa mutsindo weshangu imwe uchirova pahuriri huri pamusoro pavo; ipapo ivo vangave vateereresa vachimirira wechipiri. Mumugariro wakaoma weropa, hakuna munhu anoziva kuti ishangu ngani dzinouraya dzichiri dzingarova.

Utachiona hweAIDS hwakanzi HIV, asi dzimwe nyanzvi zvino dzinohudana kuti HIV-1. Neiko? Nemhaka yokuti dzakawana humwe utachiona hworudzi rweAIDS (HIV-2). Hunogona kuparira zviratidzo zveAIDS uye hwakapararira mudzimwe nharaunda. Kupfuurirazve, ihwo “nguva dzose hahuwanwi nemitoo yokunzvera AIDS zvino iri kushandiswa muno,” inoshuma kudaro The New York Times. (June 27, 1989) “Zviwanwa zvitsva . . . zvinoomesera zvikuru nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa ropa kuti dzive nechokwadi chokuti rinopiwa rakanaka.”

2Kana kuti zvakadiniko newirirano dzakavandika dzoutachiona hweAIDS? Munyai wapurezidhendi (U.S.A.) akataura kuti utachiona humwe hwakadaro “hunodavirwa kuva chisakiso cheleukemia/lymphoma yamasero eT avakuru uye hosha yakakomba yetsinga dzokunzwa.” Uhu utachiona hunotova muropa ravanhu vanopa ropa uye hunogona kuparadzirwa muropa. Vanhu vane maruramiro okubvunza, kuti ‘Ko kunzvera humwe utachiona hwakadaro kwenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa ropa kunobudirira zvakadini?’

Chaizvoizvo, kufambira mberi kwenguva bedzi kuchazivisa kuti utachiona hungani huri muropa hwakavanzika muropa rinogoverwa. “Husingazivikanwi hungava chisakiso chikuru chokuitira hanya kupfuura hunozivikanwa,” anonyora kudaro Dr. Harold T. Meryman. “Utachiona hunopfuuridzika hune nhambo dzokutapurwa nedzokuwanika kwezviratidzo dzinoyerwa mumakore mazhinji huchava hwakaoma kubatanidza nokuisirwa ropa uye hwakatooma zvikuru kuwana. Boka reHTLV zvamazvirokwazvo nderokutanga bedzi raihwohwu kubuda pachena.” (Transfusion Medicine Reviews, July 1989) “Sokunge kuti murakatira weAIDS wakanga usiri nhamo huru yakakwana; . . . chiverengero chakati kuti chengozi dzichangobva kukarakadzwa kana kuti kurondedzerwa dzokuisirwa ropa dzakawana ngwariro mukati mama 1980. Hakusati kuchida fungidziro huru kudeya kuzivisa dzimwe hosha dzoutachiona dzakakomba dziriko uye dzinopfuuridzwa kupfurikidza nokuisirwa masero matsvuku omumwe munhu.”—Limiting Homologous Exposure: Alternative Strategies, 1989.

“Shangu” zhinji kwazvo dzakatorova zvikuru zvokuti Centers for Disease Control inorumbidza “kungwarira kwenzvimbo yose.” Ndiko kuti, ‘vashandi vokutarisira utano vanofanira kubvuma kuti varwere vose vanotapurwa neHIV uye humwe utachiona hwezvirwere hunofambiswa neropa.’ Vaine chikonzero chakanaka, vashandi vokutarisira utano nemitezo yenzanga vari kunzverazve murangariro wavo weropa.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]

[Bhokisi riri papeji 8]

‘Kunenge kuisirwa ropa 1 mukune 100 kunova pamwe chete nefivha, chirwere chokutonhorwa, kana kuswinyiwa [mhezi]. . . . Kunenge kuisirwa ropa ramasero 1 mukune 6 000 kunoparira kuita kwomuviri kunoparadza masero nokuda kwokusawirirana nokuisirwa ropa. Ikoku kuita kwomuviri kwakakomba kwegadziriro yomuviri yedziviriro kungaitika pakarepo kana mumutoo wokunonozeka mazuva akati pashure pokuisirwa ropa; kungaguma nokusashanda zvakanaka kwakakomba [kweitsvo], kuvhunduka, kumira kufamba kweropa mutsinga, uye kunyange rufu.”—National Institutes of Health (NIH) conference, 1988.

[Bhokisi riri papeji 9]

Nyanzvi yesayenzi yeDenmark Neils Jerne akagoverana 1984 Nobel Prize for Medicine. Pakubvunzwa chikonzero nei akaramba kuisirwa ropa, iye akati: “Ropa romunhu rakafanana nemitaro yake yezvigunwe—hakuna marudzi maviri eropa akafanana chaizvoizvo.”

[Bhokisi riri papeji 10]

ROPA, ZVIROPA ZVAKAKUVADZIKA, UYE...

“Nomutoo wechienzi, AIDS inotakurwa neropa . . . haina kutongova tyisidziro huru sedzimwe hosha—somuenzaniso, hosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa” yakatsanangura kudaro Washington Post.

Hungu, zviverengero zvikuru zvakarwara zvikuru uye zvakafa nehosha yakadaro yokuzvimba kwechiropa, uko kusina mutoo chaiwoiwo wokurapa. Mukuwirirana neU.S.News & World Report (May 1, 1989), inenge 5 muzana yaavo vakaisirwa ropa muUnited States vakabatira hosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa—vanhu vane 175 000 pagore. Inenge hafu inova vatakuri vechirwere ichocho chisingarapiki, uye anenge 1 mu 5 anobatira hosha yokuomarara kwechiropa kana kuti gomarara rechiropa. Kunofungidzirwa kuti vane 4 000 vanofa. Fungidzira misoro mikuru yepepanhau yawaizorava kudai ndege yejumbo yaizoputsika, ichiuraya vose vakatakurwa. Asi nzufu dzine 4 000 dzinofanana nedzendege yejumbo izere inoputsika mwedzi uri wose!

Vanachiremba vanguve vachiziva kuti hosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa isina kukomba (yorudzi rwa A) yakaparadzirwa nezvokudya kana kuti mvura isina kuchena. Tevere ivo vakaona kuti rudzi rwakakomba zvikuru rwakanga ruchipararira kupfurikidza neropa, uye vakanga vasina mutoo wokunzvera ropa nokuda kwayo. Pakupedzisira, nyanzvi dzesayenzi dzakachenjera dzakaziva mutoo wokuwana nawo “zviratidzo” zvouhu utachiona (hworudzi rwa B). Pakuzosvika muma 1970 apakuvamba, ropa rakanga richinzverwa mune dzimwe nyika. Kugoverwa ropa kwakaratidzika kuva kwakanaka uye nguva yemberi nokuda kweropa yakanga yakajeka! Kana kuti yakanga yakadaro here?

Nguva refu isati yapfuura kwakanga kwakajeka kuti zviuru zvakanga zvichiisirwa ropa rakanzverwa zvakanga zvichikubatira hosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa. Vazhinji, pashure pechirwere chinoparira utera, vakaziva kuti zviropa zvavo zvakanga zvakuvadzika. Asi kudai ropa rakanga ranzverwa, neiko ikoku kwakanga kuchiitika? Ropa raiva norumwe rudzi, runonzi hosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa kworudzi rwenon-A, non-B (NANB). Kwamakore ane gumi yakatapura kuisirwa ropa—vari pakati pe 8 ne 17 muzana yaavo vakaisirwa ropa muIsrael, Italy, Japan, Spain, Sweden, uye United States vakaibatira.

Tevere kwakabuda misoro mikuru yepepanhau yakadai sounoti “Utachiona hweHosha Yakavandika Yokuzvimba Kwechiropa Kworudzi rweNon-A, Non-B Hwakawanwa Pakupedzisira”; “Kuparadza Fivhiri Iri Muropa.” Zvakare, shoko rakanga riri rokuti, ‘Chisakiso chainzvenga chawanika!’ Muna April 1989, nzanga yakaudzwa kuti kunzverwa kweNANB kwakanga kuchiwanika, zvino kwonzi hosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa kworudzi rwa C.

Ungashamisika kana iyi yamuro yakavapo nguva isati yasvika. Kutaura idi, vanzveri veItaly vakashuma humwe utachiona hwehosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa, hunoparirwa nechinjo, hungava huchiparira chikamu chimwe chezvitatu chehosha dzacho. “Zvimwe zviremera,” inodaro Harvard Medical School Health Letter (November 1989), “zvinonetseka kuti A, B, C, uye D handiwo ose mabhii amaarufabheti outachiona hwehosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa; bva humwe hungabuda.” The New York Times (February 13, 1990) yakati: “Nyanzvi dzinonyumwira zvakasimba kuti humwe utachiona hunogona kuparira hosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa; kana hukawanikwa; ihwo huchatumidzwa kunzi hosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa yorudzi rwa E uye zvichingodaro.”

Ko mabhangi eropa anonangana nokuongorora kwenguva refu zvikuru nokuda kwokunzvera kwokuita kuti ropa rive rakanaka here? Achidudza chinetso chendyiko, mutarisiri weAmerican Red Cross akaita iyi tsinhiro inovhiringidza: “Hatigoni kungopfuurira bedzi kuwedzera kunzvera pashure pokunzvera nokuda kwechirwere chimwe nechimwe nechimwe chinotapukira chingaparadzirwa.”—Medical World News, May 8, 1989.

Kunyange kunzverwa kwehosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa kworudzi rwa B kune zvikanganiso; vazhinji vachiri kuibatira muropa. Uyezve, vanhu vachagutsikana here nokunzvera kwakaziviswa nokuda kwehosha yokuzvimba kwechiropa yorudzi rwa C? The Journal of the American Medical Association (January 5, 1990) yakaratidzira kuti gore rinogona kupfuura masero anorwisa utachiona hwehosha asati aonekwa nokunzvera. Munguvayi, vanhu vanoisirwa ropa vanganangana nokuva nezviropa zvakakuvadzika—uye rufu.

[Bhokisi/Mufananidzo uri papeji 11]

Hosha yeChagas inoenzanisira kuti ropa rinoendesa sei hosha kuna vanhu vari kure. “The Medical Post” (January 16, 1990) inoshuma kuti ‘vanhu vane mamirioni 10-12 muLatin America vanotapurwa nechirwere chisingarapiki.’ Chakanzi “chimwe chengozi dzokuisirwa ropa chinokosha zvikurusa muSouth America.” “Tsikidzi” inoruma nyajambwa avete muchiso, inosveta ropa, uye inoitira tsvina muchironda. Nyajambwa angatakura hosha yeChagas kwamakore mazhinji (munguva iyi sezvinobvira achipa ropa) zvinetso zvomwoyo zvinouraya zvisati zvatanga.

Neiko ikoko kuchifanira kunetsa vanhu vanogara kunyika dziri kure? Mu“The New York Times” (May 23, 1989), Dr. L. K. Altman akashuma pamusoro pavarwere vakatapurwa nehosha yeChagas pashure pokuisirwa ropa, mumwe wavo uyo akafa. Altman akanyora, kuti: “Zvinoitika zvokuwedzera zvingave zvakavapo zvisingaoneki nemhaka yokuti [vanachiremba muno] havana kurovedzana nehosha yeChagas, uye havazivi kuti ingaparadzirwa nokuisirwa ropa.” Hungu, ropa rinogona kuva chokufambisa icho hosha inofamba kupfurikidza nacho zvakafara.

[Bhokisi riri papeji 12]

Dr. Knud Lund-Olesen akanyora, kuti: “Sezvo . . . vamwe vanhu vari mumapoka ane ngozi zvikuru vachizvipa savapi veropa nokuti ivo ipapo vanongoerekana vanzverwa nokuda kweAIDS, ndinorangarira kuti pane chikonzero chokuzengurira kugamuchira kuisirwa ropa. Zvapupu zvaJehovha zvakaramba ikoku kwamakore akawanda. Zvakatarira munguva yemberi here?”—“Ugeskrift for Læger” (Doctors’ Weekly), September 26, 1988.

[Mufananidzo uri papeji 9]

Papa akapukunyuka kupfurwa. Pashure pokunge abuda muchipatara, akadzorerwa akagara kwemwedzi miviri, “achitambura zvikuru kwazvo.” Nemhaka yeiko? Nemhaka yechirwere chine bviro inouraya checytomegalovirus chakaparirwa neropa raakagamuchira

[Kwazvakatorwa]

UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos

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Utachiona hweAIDS

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CDC, Atlanta, Ga.