Codex Bezae—Manyoro Echienzi

THÉODORE DE BÉZE, nyanzvi yakakurumbira yeFrance yaMagwaro echiGiriki echiKristu, akanga ari musonganiri wapedyo nomutsivi womumutsidziri wePurotesitendi John Calvin. Mugore ra 1562, Beza, sezvo anowanzozivikanwa zvikuru, akajekesa manyoro akare echienzi. Iye akataura kuva akaawana muimba yamamongi yaIrenaeus “Musande” muLyons, France, pashure pokunge guta racho rapambwa navaHuguenot. Nzvimbo yawo yamavambo haina kujeka, asi North Africa kana kuti Egipita ndiwo manyuko angabvira zvikurusa.

Codex yacho inoyera masendimita 25 ne 20 uye inowanzobvumwa kuva inovambira muzana ramakore rechishanu N.V., gare gare zvishomanene kupfuura manyoro eSinai, Vatican, uye Alexandria. Iwo ane mashizha 406 uye ane bedzi Evhangeri ina naMabasa Avaapostora, nemikana yakati. Asi Codex Bezae pakuvamba ingave yakabatanidza dzimwe tsamba, nokuti pane chisaririra chetsamba yechitatu yaJohane. Evhangeri dzaMateo naJohane dzinotangira idzo dzaRuka naMarko.

Manyoro acho muenzaniso wapakuvamba worugwaro rune mitauro miviri, chiGiriki papeji yokuruboshwe uye chiLatin parudyi. Zvimwe ikopi yamanyoro epapyrus ane rugwaro rwapakuvamba, rwakafanana namamwe mapapyrus ezana ramakore rechitatu kana kuti rechina anozivikanwa seP²⁹, P³⁸, uye P⁴⁸.

Yakanyorwa (mumabhii makuru) akajeka, akaisvonaka asina kubatanidzwa, Codex Bezae haipfuuriri papeji. Iri mumitsetse yourefu hwakasiana, zvokuti mugumo womutsetse mumwe nomumwe unomirira kutindika mukurava. ChiLatin chakanyorwa nenzira yechienzi mumutoo wamabhii echiGiriki, uye rugwaro rwacho rwakachinjirwa kukurava kwechiGiriki muzvinoitika zvakawanda. Rugwaro rwechiGiriki, pane rumwe rutivi, rwakasiana chose uye rwakaruramiswa namaoko akawanda, kubatanidza ayo omunyori wapakuvamba.

Codex Bezae ine zita rapamutemo “D.” Yakasiana zvikuru uye yakazvimirira pamamwe manyoro ose makuru. Sezvo mashoko omuzasi muNew World Translation of the Holy Scriptures anoratidzira, codex yacho pane dzimwe nguva inobvumirana uye padzimwe nguva haibvumirani namacodex (א) yeSinai, (B) yeVatican, uye (A) yeAlexandria. Ukoshi hukuru hweiyi codex huri mukusimbisa kwayo mamwe manyoro anokosha panzvimbo pezvechienzi zvayo zvokusiiwa newedzero.—Ona mashoko omuzasi muNew World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References, pana Mateo 23:14; 24:36; 27:49; Marko 7:16; 9:44, 46; 11:26; Ruka 15:21; Johane 5:4.

Pasinei zvapo nokurava kwechienzi nemisiano, Codex Bezae ndihumwe hufakazi hwakaisvonaka hwokuchengetwa kweBhaibheri kutozosvikira pazuva redu.

[Vakatipa Mifananidzo iri papeji 24]

Pamusoro: By permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library

Kuruboshwe: Courtesy of the Trustees of the British Museum