Ibibazo Biva ku Basomyi

Mbega ya tetaragarama (za ndome zine z’Igiheburayo z’izina ry’Imana) iraboneka mu gisomwa ca Matayo c’Igiheburayo candikuwe n’umuhanga mu vya fizike w’Umuyahudi wo mu kinjana ca 14 ari we Shem-Tob ben Isaac Ibn Shaprut?

Oya, ntayisangwamwo. Ariko rero, ico gisomwa ca Matayo vy’ukuri kirakoresha hash·Shem’ (ryanditswe ryose canke ripfunyapfunywe) incuro 19, nk’uko vyerekanywe ku rupapuro rwa 13 rw’Umunara w’Inderetsi (mu Gifaransa) wo ku wa 15 Myandagaro 1996.

Igihebureyo hash·Shem’ gisobanura ngo “rya Zina,” kikaba cerekeza kw izina ry’Imana, bimwe bidakekwa. Nk’akarorero, mu gisomwa ca Shem-Tob, impfunyapfunyo ya hash·Shem’ iraseruka muri Matayo 3:3, kikaba ari igihimba Matayo yadonzemwo Yesaya 40:3. Ni ibitegereka gupfundika yuko igihe Matayo yadonda umurongo uvuye mu Vyanditswe vy’Igiheburayo aho iyo tetaragarama iboneka, yinjijemwo izina ry’Imana mu Njili yiwe. Nuko rero naho igisomwa c’Igiheburayo Shem-Tob yerekanye kidakoresha iyo tetaragarama, kuba gikoresha “rya Zina,” nko muri Matayo 3:3, birashigikira ukuba harakoreshejwe “Yehova” mu Vyanditswe vy’Ikigiriki vya Gikirisu.

Shem-Tob yarandikuye igisomwa c’Igiheburayo ca Matayo mu gitabu ciwe cahaririweko ari co ʼEʹven boʹchan. Mugabo ico gisomwa c’Igiheburayo inkomoko yaco yari iyihe? Porofeseri George Howard, uwashakashatse ivy’ico kibazo ku buryo buramvuye, avuga yuko “igisomwa ca Matayo candikuwe na Shem-Tob c’Igiheburayo coba gitangurira ahanaka mu binjana bine vya mbere vyo mu gihe ca Gikirisu.”a Hariho abandi bashobora kudahuza na we kuri ico.

Howard avuga ati: “Igisomwa ca Matayo c’Igiheburayo cinjijwe muri nya gisomwa, kirangwa canecane n’amatandukaniro menshi ari hagati yaco n’igisomwa cemejwe ca Matayo c’Ikigiriki.” Nk’akarorero, dukurikije igisomwa ca Shem-Tob, Yezu yavuze ivyerekeye Yohani ati: “Vy’ukuri, ndababwiye, mu bavyawe bose n’abagore nta n’umwe yahagurutse ngo abe mukuru kuruta Yohani Umubatizi.” Kirasimba amajambo akurikira ya Yezu avuga ngo “Ariko umuntu mutoyi gusumba mu bwami bw’ijuru aramuruta.” (Matayo 11:11) Mu buryo bumeze nk’ubusa n’ubwo, hariho amatandukaniro menshi hagati y’igisomwa gisanzweho c’Igiheburayo co mu Vyanditswe vy’Igiheburayo n’imvugo iri mu gisomwa nk’ico nyene co mu mpibanuro y’Ikigiriki yitwa Septante. Naho twemera icese amatandukaniro ari hagati yavyo, ibisomwa vya kera mwen’ivyo birafise ikibanza kinaka mw itohoza ry’ukugereranya.

Nk’uko vyavuzwe, igisomwa ca Shem-Tob c’injili ya Matayo kirashiramwo imvugo “rya Zina” ahari impamvu nziza yo kwemera yuko Matayo vy’ukuri yakoresheje iyo tetaragarama. Gutyo kuva mu 1950, igisomwa ca Shem-Tob carakoreshejwe bwa cifadikizo kugira hakoreshwe izina ry’Imana mu Vyanditswe vy’Ikigiriki vya Gikirisu, kandi kiracavugwa mu mpibanuro Les Saintes Écritures—Traduction du monde nouveau—avec notes et références.b

[Utujambo tw’epfo]