Kodi Baibulo Limanena Zotani Zokhudza Danieli?

Yankho la m’Baibulo

Danieli anali mneneri wachiyuda wokhulupirika amene anakhalapo m’zaka za m’ma 600 ndi 500 B.C.E. Mulungu anamupatsa mphamvu zotha kumasulira maloto, anamuonetsa masomphenya a zimene zidzachitike m’tsogolo komanso anamuuzira kuti alembe buku la m’Baibulo lomwe limadziwika ndi dzina lake.—Danieli 1:17; 2:19

Kodi Danieli anali ndani?

Danieli anakulira ku Yuda. Mu ufumu wa Yuda munali mzinda wa Yerusalemu komanso kachisi wa Chiyuda. Mu 617 B.C.E., Nebukadinezara yemwe anali mfumu ya Babulo, analanda mzinda wa Yerusalemu ndi kugwira “akuluakulu a m’dzikolo” n’kupita nawo ku ukapolo ku Babulo. (2 Mafumu 24:15; Danieli 1:1) N’kutheka kuti pa nthawiyi Danieli anali wachinyamata ndipo anapita nawo limodzi pa ulendowo.

Danieli ndi achinyamata anzake akupita ku nyumba ya mfumu ya Babulo ndipo akuperekezedwa ndi alonda a pa nyumba ya mfumu.

Danieli limodzi ndi anyamata ena (monga Sadrake, Mesake ndi Abedinego) anapita nawo kunyumba yachifumu ku Babulo kuti akalandire maphunziro apadera okhudza ntchito zaboma. Ngakhale kuti ankakakamizidwa kuti achite zinthu zosemphana ndi chikhulupiriro chawo, Danieli ndi anzake atatu aja anapitirizabe kukhala okhulupirika kwa Yehova Mulungu wawo. (Danieli 1:3-8) Ataphunzitsidwa kwa zaka zitatu, Mfumu Nebukadinezara anagoma chifukwa cha nzeru ndiponso luso la anyamatawa, ndipo ananena kuti anyamatawo anali anzeru “kuwirikiza maulendo 10 kuposa ansembe onse ochita zamatsenga ndi anthu onse olankhula ndi mizimu amene anali mu ufumu wake.” Kenako mfumuyo inasankha Danieli ndi anzake aja kuti azitumikira m’nyumba yake.—Danieli 1:18-20.

Patapita zaka zambiri mwina Danieli ali ndi zaka za m’ma 90, anaitanidwa kuti akaonekere ku nyumba ya mfumu. Belisazara, yemwe pa nthawiyi ankalamulira ku Babulo, anapempha Danieli kuti amasulire mawu omwe analembedwa modabwitsa pakhoma. Mothandizidwa ndi mzimu wa Mulungu, Danieli anamasulira kuti Babulo adzagonjetsedwa ndi Amedi ndi Aperisiya. Ndipo usiku womwewo mzindawu unagonjetsedwadi.—Danieli 5:1, 13-31.

Danieli akumasulira mawu omwe alembedwa pakhoma.

Ufumu wa Amedi ndi Aperisiya utayamba kulamulira, Danieli anasankhidwa kukhala nduna yapamwamba ndipo Mfumu Dariyo inaganiza zomukwezabe pa udindo. (Danieli 6:1-3) Nduna zinzake zinayamba kumuchitira nsanje ndipo zinamukonzera chiwembu. Pamapeto pake Danieli anaponyedwa m’dzenje la mikango, koma Yehova anamupulumutsa. (Danieli 6:4-23) Danieli atatsala pang’ono kumwalira, mngelo wa Yehova anaonekera kwa iye kawiri konse n’kumutsimikizira kuti anali “munthu wokondedwa kwambiri.”—Danieli 10:11, 19.

Wonerani zomwe zinachitikazi mu sewero la m’Baibulo la mbali ziwiri la mutu wakuti, Danieli Anali Munthu Wachikhulupiriro Cholimba.

Zomwe mabuku a mbiri yakale amafotokoza ponena za buku la m’Baibulo la Danieli

Zomwe Danieli analemba: Nebukadinezara anaimika fano lalikulu ndipo analamula anthu kuti azililambira. Wina akakana kuchita zimenezi, ankamuponya mung’anjo yoyaka moto.—Danieli 3:1-6.

Zomwe mabuku ofotokoza mbiri amanena: Mogwirizana ndi zomwe buku lina linanena, Nebukadinezara anakhazikitsa ntchito yaikulu yomanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana mu mzinda wa Babulo “n’cholinga choti anthu azimulemekeza komanso kupereka ulemu kwa milungu yawo.” Bukuli linanenanso za Nebukadinezara kuti: “Iye ankadzinenera yekha kuti ‘ndimachititsa anthu kuti azilambira milungu yolemekezeka.”—Encyclopædia Britannica.

Ponena zoponya anthu mung’anjo yamoto, mbiri ya mzinda wa wakale wa Babulo, imafotokoza za nkhaniyi mobwerezabwereza. Mbiriyi imafotokozanso za anthu ena omwe analandira chilangochi pambuyo poti mfumu yapereka chilolezo. Munkhani ina yakale yomwe inalembedwa m’nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Mfumu Nebukadinezara, inafotokoza za chilango chomwe akuluakulu ena aboma anapatsidwa chifukwa chonyoza milungu ya ku Babulo. Nkhaniyo imati: “ Awonongeni, awotcheni, awambeni . . . mu uvuni . . . afuke utsi, moto wawo ulilime kwambiri ndipo pafuke utsi wambiri kuti asakhalenso ndi moyo.”a

Zomwe Danieli analemba: Mfumu Nebukadinezara inkadzitama chifukwa cha ntchito zomangamanga zomwe inagwira.—Danieli 4:29, 30.

Njerwa yodindidwa dzina la Nebukadinezara yomwe inafukulidwa pansi ku Babulo

Zomwe mabuku ofotokoza mbiri amanena: “Zimene Nebukadinezara analemba zokhudza iyeyo zimasonyeza kuti ankadziona kuti anali mfumu yamphamvu komanso yolungama.” b Mwachitsanzo, pakhoma la nyumba ina panalembedwa mawu awa a Nebukadinezara: “Pogwiritsa ntchito njerwa ndi tala, ndamanga khoma lolimba ngati phiri moti palibe angalisunthe. . . .Ndalimbitsa kwambiri mpanda wa Esagila ndi Babulo moti anthu adzasimba za ulamuliro wanga mpaka kalekale.”c Njerwa zambiri zimene zinafukulidwa pansi ku Babulo zinali zodindidwa dzina la Nebukadinezara.

Zomwe Danieli analemba: Mfumu Belisazara inapatsa Danieli mwayi woti akhale “wolamulira wachitatu mu ufumu” wa Babulo.—Danieli 5:1, 13-16.

Zolemba zakale za 550 B.C.E. zomwe zinatchula za Nabonidasi ndi mwana wake Belisazara

Zomwe mabuku ofotokoza mbiri amanena: Munthu wina dzina lake Nabonidasi anali mfumu pamene zochitika za m’buku la Danieli chaputala 5 zinkalembedwa. Komabe, nthawi zambiri iye ankakhala ku Arabiya osati ku Babulo. Ndiye kodi ankalamulira ndi ndani iye akakhala ku Arabiya? Wolemba mbiri wina dzina lake Raymond Philip Dougherty analemba m’buku lake lina kuti: “Zolembedwa zina zakale zimafotokoza kuti Nabonidasi anasiyira ufumu mwana wake wamkulu yemwe dzina lake anali Belisazara.” (Nabonidus and Belshazzar) Bukuli linanenanso kuti: “Belisazara ankalamulira m’malo mwa bambo ake ndipo ankachita chilichonse ngati mfumu.” Ndiye popeza kuti Nabonidasi anali wolamulira woyamba ndipo Belisazara anali wolamulira wachiwiri, Belisazara anapatsa Danieli mwayi woti akhale wolamulira wachitatu.

a Journal of Biblical Literature, Volume 128, Number 2, tsamba 279, 284.

b Babylon—City of Wonders, by Irving Finkel and Michael Seymour, tsamba 17.

c Archæology and the Bible, by George Barton, tsamba 479.