Ani Esa Akɛ Abaptisi Abifabii?

Fufɔɔ Iɛ tamɔɔɔ eshafeelɔ kwraa. Ni kɛ̃lɛ, eshai ni aaafɔ ashwie ji nɔ ni blema kusum nifeemɔ nɛɛ kɔɔ he. Etsɛ lɛ kpooɔ Satan kɛ enitsumɔi lɛ shii etɛ. Kɛkɛ lɛ osɔfo lɛ ewo kpulu bibioo ko, kɛkɛ lɛ efɔse nu eshwie fufɔo lɛ hiɛnaa blɛoo shii etɛ, ni ekɛɔ okɛ, “Miibaptisio yɛ Tsɛ lɛ, kɛ Bi lɛ, kɛ Mumɔ Krɔŋkrɔŋ lɛ gbɛi amli.”

NƆ NI miihe ashɛ afii akpei enyɔ nɛ ni átsɔ nifeemɔ ni tamɔ nɛkɛ nɔ abaptisi gbekɛbii. Fɔlɔi baanyɛ atsɔɔ mli akɛ eji niiashikpamɔ ko ni taa mɔ tsuiŋ. Shi ani nifeemɔ nɛɛ jɛ Nyɔŋmɔ Wiemɔ lɛ mli lo? Katolek jamɔ he nilelɔi kpɛlɛɔ nɔ akɛ jeee no mli ejɛ.​—Kwɛmɔ New Catholic Encyclopedia, Kpo 2, baafa 69.

Kanemɔ Biblia mli wolo ni ji Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji lɛ oha ohe, ni obaana oya akɛ baptisimɔ yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ Kristofoi lɛ ateŋ lɛ ji sane ni kɔɔ mɛi ni ‘nuɔ wiemɔi ni amɛnuɔ shishi’ ni ‘amɛnyɛɔ amɛtsakeɔ amɛtsui’ lɛ ahe. (Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 2:​14, 22, 38, 41, Douay Version) Enɛɛmɛi ji nibii ni ewa akɛ gbekɛ aaanyɛ afee. Eji anɔkwale akɛ Biblia lɛ wieɔ shiabii fɛɛ, tamɔ Kornelio nɔ̃ lɛ he akɛ abaptisi amɛ.a Shi yɛ enɛ po mli lɛ baptisimɔ lɛ yɛ kɛha “mɛi ni nu wiemɔ lɛ”​—jeee fufɔbii.​—Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 10:​44-47.

Blemasane Ni Jɛ Nyɔŋmɔ Aloo Gbɔmɛi?

Akɛni amɛnyɛɛɛ amɛna nɔ ko ni tamɔ nakai ni afee yɛ Biblia lɛ mli hewɔ lɛ, Vatikan kɛɔ akɛ, “Abuɔ gbekɛbii abaptisimɔ akɛ nɔ ko ni jɛ blemasane mli ni jeeŋmɔ ni anyɛŋ akai. Shi ani Yesu Kristo ji mɔ ni to nɛkɛ blemasane nɛɛ efɔ shi? Dabi, ejaakɛ aleee gbekɛbii abaptisimɔ he nɔ ko aahu kɛbashi bɔfoi lɛ agbele sɛɛ be ko. Yɛ afii ohai enyɔ lɛ naagbee mli dani sɔlemɔ lɛ mli onukpa, Tertullian kɛɛ akɛ, “Aha [gbekɛbii] atsɔmɔ Kristofoi beni ámɛnyɛ amɛle Kristo.”

Shi bɔfo Paulo bɔ kɔkɔ akɛ be baashɛ ni mɛi “ekpɛlɛŋ tsɔɔmɔ kpakpa lɛ nɔ.” (2 Timoteo 4:​3, The New American Bible) Beni bɔfoi lɛ gboi ni amɛbɛ dɔŋŋ akɛ ‘mɛi ni tsiɔ gbɛ lɛ,’ kɛkɛ ni nifeemɔi ni jɛɛɛ Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli gbu shi kɛbote Kristofoi ajamɔ mli. (2 Tesalonikabii 2:⁠6) Nɔ ni fata enɛɛmɛi ahe ji gbekɛbii abaptisimɔ. Shi gbekɛbii abaptisimɔ ebafeee nɔ ni afeɔ kɛyashi afii ohai enumɔ lɛ mli. Nakai be lɛ mli ŋwanejee ni naa wa ko ni tsake Kristendom tee nɔ.

Eje shishi yɛ be mli ni Ŋleshi osɔfo mɔ kome shihilɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ Pelagius fa gbɛ kɛtee Roma. Akɛni bɔ ni mɛi ni akɛɛ atsɛɔ amɛ Kristofoi ni yɔɔ jɛmɛ lɛ efite kwraa hewɔ lɛ, osɔfo nɛɛ je shishi akɛ eeewaje mɛi “ni amɛbɔ jeŋba kpakpa he mɔdɛŋ babaoo.” Pelagius kɛɛ akɛ gbɔmɔ nyɛŋ ekɛ efatɔi lɛ afɔ̃ ‘shishijee esha’ lɛ nɔ. Nɔ fɛɛ nɔ ni hi kɛ nɔ fɛɛ nɔ ni ehiii lɛ . . . wɔ wɔfeɔ, shi akɛfɔɔɔ wɔ.” Kɛkɛ ni Pelagius tsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ bafee nɔ ni awieɔ he babaoo yɛ Kristendom.

Shi esɛɛ etsɛɛɛ. Sɔlemɔ lɛ mli onukpai lɛ bu ‘shishijee esha’ ni akwa nɛɛ akɛ musubɔɔ. Ni Pelagius kɛ enine yawo amɛdaaŋ ni eleee kɛtsɔ kpɛlɛmɔ ni eyakpɛlɛ kusum nifeemɔ ko ni ehe gbɛi waa yɛ nakai be lɛ mli ni ji​—abifabii abaptisimɔ ni ekpɛlɛ nɔ lɛ nɔ. Osɔfonukpa ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Augustine na akɛ eji sane ni kɛ ehe kpaaa gbee kwraa. Augustine ŋwanejee lɛ ji akɛ, ‘Kɛ esa akɛ abaptisi fufɔbi lɛ, belɛ mɛi ni abaptisiko amɛ lɛ hu?’ Etamɔ nɔ ni sane naamuu ni sa nɔŋŋ ji akɛ gbekɛbii ni tamɔ nɛkɛ lɛ baaya hɛl la amanehulu mli ejaakɛ abaptisiko amɛ. Akɛni akɛ sane lɛ ma shi nɛkɛ hewɔ lɛ, Augustine tswa sane lɛ mli tɛ efite lɛ kwraa: Akɛni gbekɛbii ni abaptisiko amɛ lɛ naa amanehulu yɛ hɛl hewɔ lɛ, mɛni baaha enɛ aba akɛ ja ‘shishijee esha’ lɛ?

Kɛkɛ ni Pelagius tsɔɔmɔ lɛ fite. Kɛkɛ ni sɔlemɔ lɛ gwabɔɔ ko jaje yɛ Carthage akɛ Pelagius tsɔɔmɔ lɛ ji musubɔɔ, amale tsɔɔmɔ. ‘Shishijee esha’ lɛ batsɔ Katolek jamɔ lɛ fa tamɔ bɔ ni esha jajemɔ ji lɛ. Kɛkɛ ni sɔlemɔ lɛ baje he ni ebaanyɛ ena sɛɛnyiɛlɔi babaoo agbɛnɛ​—yɛ bei pii amli lɛ anyɛɔ mɔ nɔ​—koni akɛhere gbɔmɛi ayiwala kɛjɛ ‘hɛl la mli.’ Gbekɛbii abaptisimɔ jɛ nifeemɔ ni ehe gbɛi lɛ nɔ ebatsɔ yiwalaheremɔ nifeemɔ ni sɔlemɔ lɛ mla ŋmɛɔ gbɛ, nifeemɔ ko ni baatsɔ gboshinii aha Protestant jamɔ.

‘Yɛ Hɛl Husu Naa’

Augustine tsɔɔmɔ lɛ tee sanebimɔi komɛi ni wa ni yɔɔ hiɛgbele hu shi: Te aaafee tɛŋŋ ni Nyɔŋmɔ ni yɔɔ suɔmɔ lɛ aaaha fufɔbii ni leee nɔ ko nɔ ko lɛ ana amanehulu yɛ hɛl hu? Ani esa ákɛ akɛ toigbalamɔ ni akɛhaa eshafeelɔi ni ewaje amɛtsui lɛ nɔŋŋ agbala fufɔbii ni efeko efɔŋ ko ni abaptisiko amɛ lɛ atoi? Nɛkɛ sanebimɔi nɛɛ ahetoo efeko mlɛo kɛhako jamɔ he nilelɔi lɛ. Katolek osɔfo Vincent Wilkin kɛɛ akɛ: “Mɛi komɛi eŋɔ fufɔbii ni abaptisiko amɛ lɛ amɛwo hɛl la ni tsoɔ grigri lɛ mli momo, mɛi krokomɛi hu heɔ yeɔ akɛ la lɛ kpataaa amɛhiɛ shi la lɛ haa amɛhe dɔɔ bɔ ni no haŋ amɛna miishɛɛ loo amɛhe ajɔ amɛ; mɛi krokomɛi hu kɛɔ akɛ amɛhe ni ejɔɔɔ amɛ yɛ jɛmɛ lɛ tsɔɔ hɛl piŋmɔ lɛ he nɔ ko bibioo ko ni amɛnuɔ . . . Mɛi komɛi hu kɛ amɛ woɔ shikpɔŋ nɔ paradeiso ko mli.”b

Shi saji ni akaa yiŋ awieɔ nɛɛ mli nɔ ni ehe gbɛ́i fe fɛɛ ji akɛ abua gbekɛbii ni abaptisiko amɛ lɛ asusumai anaa awo limbo. Nɛkɛ wiemɔ nɛɛ shishi ji “husu” (tamɔ atade kɔ husui anaa loo enaamuu lɛ naa) ni akɛtsɔɔ shihilɛ he ko ni akɛɛ eyɔɔ hɛl husu loo enaamuu naa. Kɛha jamɔ he nilelɔi lɛ, limbo ji jwɛŋmɔ ko ni ana ni hi jogbaŋŋ. Kɛ hoo lɛ, ebaa gbekɛbii apiŋmɔ ni naa wa ni yɔɔ gbeyei lɛ shi fioo.

Shi taakɛ saji ni adesa kaa eyiŋ etsɔɔ lɛ ji lɛ, limbo hu yɛ enaagbai. Mɛni hewɔ atsiii ta yɛ Ŋmalɛ ko mli? Ani gbekɛbii baanyɛ aje kpo kɛjɛ limbo aloo amɛshi jɛmɛ? Ni mɛni hewɔ esa akɛ gbekɛbii ni leee efɔŋ ko kwraa lɛ aya jɛmɛ po? Sɔlemɔ lɛ kɛɔ akɛ limbo “jeee Katolek tsɔɔmɔ ni akpɛlɛ nɔ”c ni wɔnuɔ shishi wɔhaa amɛ nakai.​—New Catholic Encyclopedia.

Ŋwanejee Lɛ Te Shi Waa Ekoŋŋ

Afii ohai pii ho ni Katolekbii kɛ amɛhe ekpɛtɛ nɔ ni Augustine susuɔ lɛ he. Shi kɛjɛ 1950 afii lɛ amli kɛbaa nɛɛ, gbekɛbii abaptisimɔ he ŋwanejee lɛ ete shi trukaa ekoŋŋ. Katolek woloŋlelɔi ayiŋ miifee amɛ kɔshikɔshi waa yɛ Biblia mli nifeemɔ ni enɛ ji lɛ he. Mɛi krokomɛi kpɛlɛɔ nɔ akɛ amɛnyɛŋ amɛkpɛlɛ Augustine hɛl-la tsɔmɔɔ lɛ loo limbo nɔ.

Kɛjɛ shishijee lɛ, sɔlemɔ lɛ mli onukpai ni amɛkpɛlɛɛɛ tsakemɔ nɔ lɛ eyakpɛlɛɛɛ nɔ. Shi yɛ 1951 mli ni Paapa Pius XII wie etsɔɔ yei ni fɔɔ mɛi akuu ko. Yɛ be mli ni emaa hemɔkɛyeli akɛ “eshai ni akɛkeɔ yɛ gbele mli lɛ he miihia kɛha yiwalaheremɔ lɛ nɔ mi lɛ,” ewo yei ni fɔɔ mɛi nɛɛ ahewalɛ ni amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛbaptisi fufɔbii ni afɔ amɛ ehee lɛ kɛ amɛna pɛ akɛ amɛbaagboi lɛ. Ewo amɛ hewalɛ akɛ, “nyɛhiɛ akajea suɔmɔ nifeemɔ nɛɛ nɔ.” Nakai nɔŋŋ hu yɛ 1958 lɛ Vatikan kɛ kɔkɔbɔɔ ni mli wa waa ha akɛ “esa akɛ abaptisi fufɔbii amrɔ nɔŋŋ ni aaanyɛ afee nakai.

Yɛ fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, naataomɔ lɛ fɛ ekoŋŋ yɛ Vatikan II kpee ni he gbɛi lɛ sɛɛ. Yɛ naakpɛɛ nifeemɔ ko mli lɛ, sɔlemɔ lɛ bɔ mɔdɛŋ ni edamɔ mɛi ni sumɔɔ tsakemɔ lɛ kɛ mɛi ni sumɔɔɔ tsakemɔ yɛ sɔlemɔ lɛ nifeemɔi lɛ agbɛhei lɛ ateŋ tuuŋtu. Kpee loo gwabɔɔ lɛ kɛɛ akɛ ‘baptisimɔ he miihia kɛha yiwalaheremɔ.’ Ni nɔ ni yɔɔ naakpɛɛ hu ji akɛ, yiwalaheremɔ hu yɛ kɛha mɛi ni “leee Kristo he sanekpakpa lɛ ni jeee amɛ ejɛ hu lɛ.”d

Ákɛ nɔ ni akɛnyiɛɔ enɛ sɛɛ nɔŋŋ lɛ, kɛkɛ ni sɔlemɔ lɛ saa efee gbekɛbii abaptisimɔ he kusum nifeemɔ lɛ ehee. Nɔ ni ebafata he agbɛnɛ ji akɛ, osɔfoi lɛ yɛ hegbɛ akɛ amɛkpooɔ baptisimɔ kɛji akɛ abifao lɛ fɔlɔi sumɔɔɔ ni amɛwoɔ shi akɛ amɛbaatsɔse lɛ akɛ Katoleknyo. Ani sɔlemɔ lɛ etsi ehe kɛjɛ Augustine tsɔɔmɔ lɛ he agbɛnɛ? Mɛi komɛi susu nakai ni amɛbi sane yɛ hiamɔ ni abifabii abaptisimɔ he hiaa lɛ he.

Kɛkɛ ni Vatikan kɛ “Famɔ yɛ Abifabii Abaptisimɔ He” ni amɛŋmala lɛ ha, ni miitsɔɔ akɛ: “Sɔlemɔ lɛ . . . leee gbɛ kroko ni yɔɔ ni aaatsɔ nɔ aha abifabii abote naanɔ miishɛɛ mli fe baptisimɔ.” Afa osɔfonukpai lɛ ni “amɛkɛ mɛi ni amɛtsi amɛhe kɛjɛ blema nifeemɔ lɛ he lɛ aba he.” Shi gbekɛbii ni gboiɔ ni abaptisiko amɛ lɛ hu? “Nɔ ni Sɔlemɔ lɛ baanyɛ afee pɛ ji ni ekɛ amɛ awo Nyɔŋmɔ mɔbɔnalɛ mli.”

Abifabii Abaptsimɔ Kɛ Obi Lɛ

Ŋwanejee ko bɛ he akɛ anɔkwafoi pii ni yɔɔ Katolekbii ateŋ lɛ ehao waa yɛ enɛɛmɛi fɛɛ hewɔ. Mɛi komɛi hu baanyɛ anu he akɛ yɛ nɔ ni Katolek tsɔɔmɔ lɛ ji lɛ fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, kɛ hoo lɛ baptisimɔ haa gbekɛ lɛ naa shishijee kpakpa yɛ jamɔ gbɛfaŋ. Nyɛ ko ni ni ji Katoleknyo kɛɛ akɛ: “Miyɛ gbekɛbii bibii enyɔ, ni abaptisi amɛ beni amɛji abifabii kwraa, ni minaaa nɔkpakpa aloo tsuitsakemɔ bibioo ko kwraa yɛ amɛmli, nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ nakai moŋ minaa.”

Gbekɛ bibioo ni aaabaptisi lɛ lɛ yeee ebuaaa lɛ koni ena hemɔkɛyeli. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ eteɔ shi ewoɔ Yesu famɔ akɛ: “Nyɛyaa ni nyɛyafea . . . mikaselɔi [loo “kaselɔi”], nyɛbaptisia amɛ” lɛ. (Mateo 28:19) Shishinumɔ bɛ baptisimɔ he kɛji mɔ lɛ edako bɔ ni no aaaha etsɔ kaselɔ. Lɛlɛŋ eji anɔkwale akɛ “blemasane ni jɛ jeeŋmɔ” yɛ kɛha abifabii abaptisimɔ. Shi ani Yesu ewieee eshiii ‘mɛi ni yɛ amɛblemasaji ahewɔ lɛ amɛha Nyɔŋmɔ wiemɔ lɛ efee yaka’ lɛ?​—Mateo 15:⁠6.

No hewɔ lɛ Biblia lɛ woɔ fɔlɔi ahewalɛ ni amɛtsɔse amɛbii lɛ yɛ mumɔŋ saji amli ‘kɛjɛ gbekɛbiiashi.’ (2 Timoteo 3:​14-17) No hewɔ lɛ Yehowa Odasefoi kɛ hiɛdɔɔ tsuɔ Biblia mli famɔ akɛ ‘amɛtsɔse amɛbii yɛ Yehowa ŋaawoo mli’ lɛ he nii. (Efesobii 6:⁠4) Yɛ be babaoo mli lɛ atsuɔ enɛ he nii kɛtsɔɔ daa weku Biblia mli nikasemɔ nɔ. Fɔlɔi ni tamɔ nɛkɛ lɛ tsɔɔ amɛbii anii koni amɛya kpeei ni amɛkɛ amɛhe awo Kristofoi akpeei ashishi nifeemɔi amli. (Hebribii 10:​24, 25) Amɛwoɔ amɛ obalaŋtai lɛ ahewalɛ ni ‘amɛjaje’ amɛhemɔkɛyeli lɛ amɛtsɔɔ ‘yɛ faŋŋ.’ (Romabii 10:10) Yɛ be ni sa mli lɛ, enɛ tsirɛɔ amɛbii lɛ ni amɛjɔɔ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛhe nɔ amɛhaa Yehowa Nyɔŋmɔ ni amɛkɛ nu mli baptisimɔ feɔ enɛ he okadi.

[Shishigbɛ niŋmai]

[Akrabatsa ni yɔɔ baafa 7]

Abifabii Abaptisimɔ He Yinɔsane Mli Saji Otii

Be (Ŋ.B.) Nɔ Ni Ba

193 Tertullian je ŋwane akɛ abaptisi onukpai

253 Carthage Gwabɔɔ lɛ jaje akɛ ‘esa akɛ abaptisi gbekɛbii amrɔ nɔŋŋ’

412-417 Ŋwanejee ni tee nɔ yɛ Pelagius kɛ Augustine teŋ yɛ ‘shishijee esha’ he

417 Abifabii abaptisimɔ bafee nɔ ni akɛma shi yɛ Katolek jamɔ mli

1201-1208 Paapa Innocent III ŋma ekɛfi abifabii abaptisimɔ sɛ

1545-1563 Trent Gwabɔɔ lɛ jaje ‘musu’ eshwie mɔ fɛɛ mɔ ni baakpoo abifabii abaptisimɔ nɔ

1794 Wolo ni Paapa lɛ ŋma, Auctoren Fidei bu Gwa ni Jansen sɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ

ni amɛtsɛ limbo akɛ amɛsa tsɔɔmɔ lɛ fɔ

1951 Paapa Pius XII ma bɔ ni abifabii abaptisimɔ he hiaa nɔ mi kɛtsɔ yei nifɔɔ mɛi ni ewo amɛ hewalɛ ni amɛbaptisi abifabii kɛ ehe miihia nakai lɛ nɔ

1958 Vatikan wo akpɔ ni ‘abaptisi abifabii amrɔ nɔŋŋ ni hegbɛ lɛ aaaba’

1963-1965 Vatikan Gwabɔɔ ni Ji Enyɔ lɛ wo akpɔ akɛ yiwalaheremɔ baanyɛ aba ni baptisimɔ bɛ mli. Afa ni asaa akwɛ abifabii abaptisimɔ he kusum nifeemɔ lɛ mli ekoŋŋ

1980 Vatikan ma gbekɛbii abaptisimɔ he kusum nifeemɔ nɔ mi, akɛ, ‘eleee gbɛ kroko ni abifabii aaatsɔ nɔ abote naanɔ miishɛɛ mli’