Setan Me Sramsram Pulenfong na Ku Met Paye Se Su Arulanu Koluk
MUTAMWEYEN ma koluk el sie me purakak nu sin met puspis su lungse in etu ma inge ke mutamwauk me. A Dictionary of the Bible, orekla sel James Hastings, el fwak: “Ke mutamweyen me sramsram lun metu, el koneak la oasr kain in ku puspis su lainul a upa nu sel in kutangla a me purakak koluk na paye.” Reference inge el ouyepa fwak: “Met puspis in pal meeta elos suk ke sropon ma inge, a akkalemye la ku se inge a kutupa ma sikyuk tuku sin met se.”
Fwal nu ke met historian puspis, lalalfongi ke dimon oanu god se a ngun fokfok ku in liyeyuk ke mutamweyen me sramsram lun an u. Met Babulon in pal meeta elos lalalfongi la oasr sie an ye fok u, ku “sie fwal su met nu kemwa su som nu we tia ku in sifwil foloko,” an inge el muta ye koko lal Nergal, sie kain in god silolel pa inge su eteyuk oanu “el su esukak met.” Elos sangeng pa ke demon, su pal nu kemwa elos kaifweung in akinsemwomwoye ke inkanek lun magic. Ke me sramsram lun an Ijipt, Set pa enen god koluk, “su atel oanu kosro silolel sakuruk, su mutal oanu pig soko su sri kolo, insral arulanu sumwos a square-cut a aten pulal oanu me fakfok pangpang fork.”—Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology.
Fwinne oasr god mwo a god koluk lun met Greek a met Rom, tusruktu wangin god koluk siefwunnu lalos su fulat liki god inge nu kemwa. Met luti lalos akkalemye la oasr kain akmwuk luo su lain sie sin sie. Nu sel Empedocles, akmwuk luo inge pa lungseyuk a srungeyuk. Nu sel Plato, oasr kain in “Ngun” luo lun fwal se inge, sie su oru ma mwo a el ngie su oru ma koluk. Oanu Georges Minois el akkalemye ke buk nutul inge Le Diable (The Devil), “alu pengpeng [Greco-Roman] lun met pegan elos tia lalalfongi la oasr sie Devil.”
In an Iran, alu lun Zoroastrianism el luti la god su fulat liki nu kemwa inge su pangpang Ahura Mazda, ku Ormazd, el orala Angra Mainyu, ku Ahriman, su sulela in oru ma koluk ke ma inge el ekla sie Kain in Ngun in Kunausten, ku el su kunausla.
Ke alu lun Judaism, oasr me luti lalos su akkalemye la Setan El Met Lokwalok lun God su oru ma koluk. Tusruktu tokin century puspis toko, me luti lalos inge akfokfokyeyuk ke me luti lun met pegan. Encyclopaedia Judaica el akkalemye: “Sie ekla lulap mutamwauk in sikyuk . . . ke saflaiyen century puspis B.C.E. Ke pal inge, alu lun met Ju . . . elos srukye tari kain in me luti puspis ke akmwuk luo su akkalemye la God a un ma mwo a paye elos eis me lain in kosrao a fwalu su tuku sin un ma koluk a kutasrik. Luman me luti lalos inge tuku ke alu lun met Persia.” The Concise Jewish Encyclopedia el fwak: “Me loeyuk lain dimon tuku ke akos ma sap a orekmakinyen me lulul inut.”
Me Luti lun Kristian Kikiap
Oanu alu lun met Ju su srukye me luti kel Setan a dimon su wangin in Baibel, ou inge met Kristian kikiap su orala me luti puspis su wangin in Baibel. The Anchor Bible Dictionary el fwak: “Sie nu ke me luti upa in pal meeta pa God el molela met lal ke pal se el sang me mol nu sel Setan in aksukosokyelos.” Kain in me luti inge orekla sel Irenaeus (in century akluo C.E.). A akkeyeyuk sel Origen (in century aktulo C.E.), su fwak la “devil el eisla met fwal nu ke ma sap” a “mise lun Kraist . . . oanu sie lango orekmakinyuk in moli divil.”—History of Dogma, sel Adolf Harnack.
Fwal nu ke The Catholic Encyclopedia, “ke lusen tausen yiu [me luti ke lango su orekmakinyuk in moli devil] arulanu pengpeng ke me sramsram a me luti lun theology,” a el srakna ipen me luti lun alu. Kutu sin met su pangpang Church Fathers, wekunang Augustine (ke century akakosr a aklimekosr C.E.), elos srukye lalalfongi ke lango su orekmakinyuk in moli Setan. Ke saflaiye, apkurun nu ke century ak12 C.E., met luti lun Catholic pangpang Anselm a Abelard elos akilen la me kise lun Kraist orekmakinyuk oanu me mol nu sin God a tia nu sel Setan.
Alialu in Pal Meeta
Fwinne council puspis ke alu lun Catholic elos misla na ke me sramsram kel Setan, tusruktu in yiu 1215 C.E., Lateran Council Akakosr el akkalemye ma New Catholic Encyclopedia el pangpang “me fwakak ke lalalfongi.” Canon 1 el fwak: “Devil a dimon elos ma orekla sin God su ke mutamwauk elos mwo, tusruktu, ke sulela lalos sifwanu elos ekla met koluk.” Me sramsram inge tafwela in fwak la elos kafofo a kaifweung in srifweyuk met nu kemwa. Kain in me luti inge arulanu purakak met ke lusen pal lun Middle Age. Setan pa sropon kutena orekma sakuruk su tia ku in aketeye sin met, oanu mas sakuruk su upa nu sin met in etu sropon ma inge, mise ke pal sa, ku fwokinsak su tia kapek mwo. In yiu 1233 C.E., Pope Gregory IX el orala ma sap puspis lal lain met su srukye me luti saye, wekunang sie ma sap lain Luciferians, su akkalemyeyuk mu elos alu nu sin Devil.
Kain in lalalfongi su akkalemye la oasr ku lun Devil in filiye met ye koko lal purakak met puspis in sangeng—sie kain in sangeng lulap ke orekma lun inutnut a ngun fokfok. Mutamwauk ke century ak13 nu ke ak17, sangeng sin met inutnut arulanu fwasrelik in Europe a sun an North America su muta ye koko lun met Europe. Fwinne met kol lun Protestant pangpang Martin Luther a John Calvin elos insese ke orekma in suk a uniye met inutnut nu kemwa. In an Europe meeting puspis ke court ke sripen lisrek su akkalemye mu sie met el oru orekma lun inutnut orekla sin court lun guferment a court lun Inquisition. Orekma silolel in akkeokye met su wangin meta orekla in moklelos in fwak la elos oru orekma lun inutnut.
Elos nu kemwa su konoiyukyuk mu oru ma koluk inge elos nununkeyuk in mise ke e, ku in an England a Scotland, elos srupusrak kain in met inge nu ke na el mise. Kut fwin sramsram ke pisen met su anwuki ke oiye se inge, The World Book Encyclopedia el fwak: “Mutamwauk ke yiu 1484 nu ke 1782, fwal nu ke kutu met historian, alu lun met Kristian elos uniye 300,000 mutan ke sripen orekma lun inutnut.” Fwin Setan pa sropon ongoiye lulap inge in pal meeta, na su el orekmakin in oru ou inge—met su anwuki ku elos su uniye met inge nu kemwa ke sripen moniyuk lalos ke alu?
Lalalfongi ku Silalalfongi ke Pal inge
In century ak18 Met puspis elos liye kapkapek lun kain in nunuk, su eteyuk oanu Enlightenment ku sang kalem. Encyclopædia Britannica el fwak: “Me luti a lalmetmet lun met ke Enlightenment arulanu kaifweung in eisla devil ke nunuk lun met Kristian meyen ma inge tuku ke me sramsram pulenfong ke pal lun Middle Ages.” Alu lun Roman Catholic el lain ma inge a sifwil akkalemye lalalfongi lalos la oasr Setan su Devil ke First Vatican Council (1869-70), tusruktu kain in lalalfongi inge elos tianu srukak ke Second Vatican Council (1962-65).
Ke lalalfongi na paye lalos, oanu New Catholic Encyclopedia el fwak, “alu lasr lalalfongi na paye ke lipufon a demon.” Tusruktu buk inge, Théo, sie dictionary lun an French, el insese la, “met Kristian puspis ke len inge elos srunga in kapsreni ma koluk in fwal lasr nu sin Devil.” Ke yiu ekasr somla met luti lun Catholic pangpang theologian elos arulanu sensen in srukak me sramsram inge, elos arulanu taran in tia lain me luti lun Catholic a ke ma metu elos nunku ke me luti inge ke pal lasr. “Liberal Christian theology,” el fwak la buk inge Encyclopædia Britannica, “el lungse in akkalemye kas lun Baibel kel Setan oanu ‘sie pitse’ a tia ma paye se—oanu me sramsram pulenfong se in akkalemye ma paye lun ma koluk a lupan ma koluk in kosrao a fwalu.” Ke alu lun Protestant, reference work senpanu inge el fwak: “Alu lun Protestant puspis ke akmwuk lun liberal ke pal inge elos srunga in lalalfongi la devil el met se.” Tusruktu, ya met Kristian paye nu kemwa elos enenu in tuni ma Baibel el fwak kel Setan oanu “sie pitse na in nunuk”?
Mea Ma Simusla El Luti
Lalmetmet lun met a me luti lun met tia sang aketeye mwo ke mutamweyen ma koluk su akkalemyeyuk in Baibel. Ma Baibel el fwak kel Setan arulanu yok sripe tu kut in kalem nu ke mutamweyen ma koluk a me keok nu sin met, wekunang orekma silolel upa su yokyokelik ke yiu nu kemwa.
Saap kutu met elos siyuk: ‘Fwin God el mwo a El su Orala ma nu kemwa el lungse kut, efu ku el orala ma orekla in ngun su arulanu koluk oanu Setan?’ Baibel el aketeye akmwuk su akkalemye la ma nu kemwa Jeova el orala arulanu sumwosmwos a ma orekla lalmetmet lal nu kemwa oasr sukosok lalos in oru sulela lalos sifwanu. (Duteronomi 30:19; 32:4; Josua 24:15; 1 Togusra 18:21) Ke ma inge, ma orekla in ngun inge su tok el ekla Setan el sumwosmwos ke pal se God el orel tusruktu el sulela na in som liki inkanek lun ma paye.—Jon 8:44; Jemes 1:14, 15.
Ke inkanek puspis, orekma in lain lun Setan ku in pupulyukin nu ke ma ‘togusra lun an Tair’ el oru, su akkalemyeyuk ke kas mwomwo oanu “sumwosna in oasku” a ‘sumwosna ke inkanek lal ke len se ke el orekla, nu ke pal sesumwos konoiyukyuk in el.’ (Ezekiel 28:11-19) Setan el tia lain ku lun Jeova oanu El Su Fulat Liki Nu Kemwa ku el Su Orala Ma Nu Kemwa. Fuka el ku in oru ou inge ke el sie sin ma orekla lun God? Tusruktu, Setan el lain inkanek lun Jeova in akkalemye kolyuk lal. Ke imae lun Eden, Setan el filiye ke nunuk lun seayen se meet la God el okanla nu selos ma se fwinne oasr sumwos lalos nu ka a insemwomwo lalos in moul oakiyuki nu ka. (Genesis 3:1-5) El kutangla in purakak Edam a If in tunyuna lain sumwos lun Jeova in kol, ke ma inge elos sang mise oanu me usru nu sin tulik nutulos nu kemwa. (Genesis 3:6-19; Rom 5:12) Ke ma inge, Baibel el akkalemye la Setan pa sropon me keok nu kemwa lun metu.
Meet liki pal lun Sronot, kutu sin lipufon elos welul Setan ke orekma in lain lal. Elos ekla nu ke monin met in akinsemwomwoye kena koluk lalos in ikwe nu sin an nutin met. (Genesis 6:1-4) Ke pal se Sronot tuku, lipufon koluk inge elos folokla nu ke fwal lun ngun tusruktu elos tia sifwil eis “an selos” yurin God in kosrao. (Jud 6) Seselosla nu ke sie luma koluk su wangin kalem in ngun. (1 Piter 3:19, 20; 2 Piter 2:4) Elos ekla demon, a tia sifwil kulansap ye koko lun Jeova, a elos moul a muta ye koko lun Setan. Fwinne elos tia ku in sifwil ekla oanu sie met, tusruktu demon inge nu kemwa sie me purakak ku ke nunuk a moul lun met, a wangin alollo la oasr ip lulap lalos ke orekma silolel yok su kut ku in liyeyuk ke pal inge.—Mattu 12:43-45; Luk 8:27-33.
Saflaiyen Kolyuk lun Setan Apkurun
Arulanu kalem la oasr u koluk su orekma ke fwal lasr misenge. Met sap Jon el simusla: “Fwalu nu fon oan ke ku lun sie met koluk.”—1 Jon 5:19, NW.
Tusruktu, kas palu su akpayeye tari, akkalemye la Devil el arulanu kaifweung in akyokye ma koluk fwin fwalu meyen el etu la “pal lal futoto” a el lungse in akfosrye ma nu kemwa meet liki el muta ke sie an su wanginla sukosok lal. (Fwakyuk 12:7-12; 20:1-3) Sie fwal sasu su sumwosmwos oan we e fwa mutamwauk tokin kolyuk lun Setan, ke fwal se inge “wanginla” tung, mise a ngal.” Ke pal inge, ma lungse lun God “in kosrao e fwa orek fwin fwalu.”—Fwakyuk 21:1-4; Mattu 6:10, New International Version.
[Pictures on page 4]
Met Babulon elos lalalfongi nu sel Nergal (leyen lese), sie god silolel; Plato (lese) el lalalfongi ke “Ngun” luo su lain sie sin sie
[Credit Lines]
Cylinder: Musée du Louvre, Paris; Plato: National Archaeological Museum, Athens, Greece
[Pictures on page 5]
Irenaeus, Origen, a Augustine elos luti la me lango orekmakinyuk in moli Devil
[Credit Lines]
Origen: Culver Pictures; Augustine: Tuku ke buk inge Great Men and Famous Women
[Picture on page 6]
Sangeng sin met inutnut kol nu ke anwuki lun foko foko tausen met
[Credit Line]
Tuku ke buk inge Bildersaal deutscher Geschichte